1/**
   2 * TODO
   3 * - treat monocle as floating layout, actually otherwise certain monocled windows don't get raised
   4 * - use WX, WY, WW, WH for window snapping/resizing/mouse
   5 * - MOX, MOY, MOW, MOH should only be used in the case of monocle layout and of n==1 in tiled
   6 * - simplify tile()
   7 * - allow for vstack
   8 */
   9/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
  10 *
  11 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
  12 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
  13 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
  14 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
  15 * allowed to select for this event mask.
  16 *
  17 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  18 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  19 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  20 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  21 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  22 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  23 *
  24 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  25 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  26 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  27 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  28 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  29 *
  30 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  31 *
  32 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  33 */
  34#include <errno.h>
  35#include <locale.h>
  36#include <stdarg.h>
  37#include <stdio.h>
  38#include <stdlib.h>
  39#include <string.h>
  40#include <unistd.h>
  41#include <sys/select.h>
  42#include <sys/types.h>
  43#include <sys/wait.h>
  44#include <regex.h>
  45#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  46#include <X11/keysym.h>
  47#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  48#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  49#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  50#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  51
  52/* macros */
  53#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  54#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  55#define LENGTH(x)		(sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  56#define MAXTAGLEN		16
  57#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  58
  59/* enums */
  60enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  61enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  62enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  63enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  64
  65/* typedefs */
  66typedef struct Client Client;
  67struct Client {
  68	char name[256];
  69	int x, y, w, h;
  70	int rx, ry, rw, rh;
  71	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  72	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  73	long flags;
  74	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  75	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  76	Bool *tags;
  77	Client *next;
  78	Client *prev;
  79	Client *snext;
  80	Window win;
  81};
  82
  83typedef struct {
  84	int x, y, w, h;
  85	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  86	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  87	Drawable drawable;
  88	GC gc;
  89	struct {
  90		int ascent;
  91		int descent;
  92		int height;
  93		XFontSet set;
  94		XFontStruct *xfont;
  95	} font;
  96} DC; /* draw context */
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	unsigned long mod;
 100	KeySym keysym;
 101	void (*func)(const char *arg);
 102	const char *arg;
 103} Key;
 104
 105typedef struct {
 106	const char *symbol;
 107	void (*arrange)(void);
 108} Layout;
 109
 110typedef struct {
 111	const char *prop;
 112	const char *tag;
 113	Bool isfloating;
 114} Rule;
 115
 116/* function declarations */
 117void applyrules(Client *c);
 118void arrange(void);
 119void attach(Client *c);
 120void attachstack(Client *c);
 121void ban(Client *c);
 122void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 123void checkotherwm(void);
 124void cleanup(void);
 125void configure(Client *c);
 126void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129void detach(Client *c);
 130void detachstack(Client *c);
 131void drawbar(void);
 132void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 134void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137void expose(XEvent *e);
 138void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139void focus(Client *c);
 140void focusin(XEvent *e);
 141void focusnext(const char *arg);
 142void focusprev(const char *arg);
 143Client *getclient(Window w);
 144unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 145long getstate(Window w);
 146Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 147void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 148void grabkeys(void);
 149unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 150void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 151Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 152Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 153Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 154Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 155void keypress(XEvent *e);
 156void killclient(const char *arg);
 157void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 158void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 159void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 160void monocle(void);
 161void movemouse(Client *c);
 162Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 163void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 164void quit(const char *arg);
 165void reapply(const char *arg);
 166void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 167void resizemouse(Client *c);
 168void restack(void);
 169void run(void);
 170void scan(void);
 171void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 172void setlayout(const char *arg);
 173void setup(void);
 174void spawn(const char *arg);
 175void tag(const char *arg);
 176unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 177unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 178void tile(void);
 179void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 180void toggletag(const char *arg);
 181void toggleview(const char *arg);
 182void unban(Client *c);
 183void unmanage(Client *c);
 184void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 185void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 186void updatetitle(Client *c);
 187void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 188void view(const char *arg);
 189void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 190int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193void zoom(const char *arg);
 194
 195/* variables */
 196char stext[256], buf[256];
 197int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 198int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 199unsigned int bh, blw = 0;
 200unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 201void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 202	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 203	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 204	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 205	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 206	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 207	[Expose] = expose,
 208	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 209	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 210	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 211	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 212	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 213	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 214};
 215Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 216Bool dozoom = True;
 217Bool otherwm, readin;
 218Bool running = True;
 219Bool *prevtags;
 220Bool *seltags;
 221Client *clients = NULL;
 222Client *sel = NULL;
 223Client *stack = NULL;
 224Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 225Display *dpy;
 226DC dc = {0};
 227Layout *lt = NULL;
 228Window root, barwin;
 229
 230/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 231#include "config.h"
 232#define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 233static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
 234
 235/* function implementations */
 236
 237void
 238applyrules(Client *c) {
 239	unsigned int i;
 240	Bool matched = False;
 241	Rule *r;
 242	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 243
 244	/* rule matching */
 245	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 246	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 247		r = &rules[i];
 248		if(strstr(c->name, r->prop)
 249		|| (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->prop))
 250		|| (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->prop)))
 251		{
 252			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 253			if(r->tag) {
 254				c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 255				matched = True;
 256			}
 257		}
 258	}
 259	if(ch.res_class)
 260		XFree(ch.res_class);
 261	if(ch.res_name)
 262		XFree(ch.res_name);
 263	if(!matched)
 264		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
 265}
 266
 267void
 268arrange(void) {
 269	Client *c;
 270
 271	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 272		if(isvisible(c))
 273			unban(c);
 274		else
 275			ban(c);
 276
 277	focus(NULL);
 278	lt->arrange();
 279	restack();
 280}
 281
 282void
 283attach(Client *c) {
 284	if(clients)
 285		clients->prev = c;
 286	c->next = clients;
 287	clients = c;
 288}
 289
 290void
 291attachstack(Client *c) {
 292	c->snext = stack;
 293	stack = c;
 294}
 295
 296void
 297ban(Client *c) {
 298	if(c->isbanned)
 299		return;
 300	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * sw, c->y);
 301	c->isbanned = True;
 302}
 303
 304void
 305buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306	unsigned int i, x;
 307	Client *c;
 308	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 311		x = 0;
 312		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 313			x += textw(tags[i]);
 314			if(ev->x < x) {
 315				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 316					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 317						tag(tags[i]);
 318					else
 319						view(tags[i]);
 320				}
 321				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 322					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 323						toggletag(tags[i]);
 324					else
 325						toggleview(tags[i]);
 326				}
 327				return;
 328			}
 329		}
 330	}
 331	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 332		focus(c);
 333		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 334			return;
 335		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 336			restack();
 337			movemouse(c);
 338		}
 339		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 340			if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 341				togglefloating(NULL);
 342			else
 343				zoom(NULL);
 344		}
 345		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 346			restack();
 347			resizemouse(c);
 348		}
 349	}
 350}
 351
 352void
 353checkotherwm(void) {
 354	otherwm = False;
 355	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 356
 357	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 358	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 359	XSync(dpy, False);
 360	if(otherwm)
 361		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 362	XSync(dpy, False);
 363	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 364	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 365	XSync(dpy, False);
 366}
 367
 368void
 369cleanup(void) {
 370	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 371	while(stack) {
 372		unban(stack);
 373		unmanage(stack);
 374	}
 375	if(dc.font.set)
 376		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 377	else
 378		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 379	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 380	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 381	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 382	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 383	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 384	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 385	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 386	XSync(dpy, False);
 387	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 388}
 389
 390void
 391configure(Client *c) {
 392	XConfigureEvent ce;
 393
 394	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 395	ce.display = dpy;
 396	ce.event = c->win;
 397	ce.window = c->win;
 398	ce.x = c->x;
 399	ce.y = c->y;
 400	ce.width = c->w;
 401	ce.height = c->h;
 402	ce.border_width = c->border;
 403	ce.above = None;
 404	ce.override_redirect = False;
 405	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 406}
 407
 408void
 409configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 410	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 411
 412	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 413		sw = ev->width;
 414		sh = ev->height;
 415		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 416		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, BW, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 417		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, BX, BY, BW, bh);
 418		arrange();
 419	}
 420}
 421
 422void
 423configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 424	Client *c;
 425	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 426	XWindowChanges wc;
 427
 428	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 429		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 430			c->border = ev->border_width;
 431		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == lt->arrange)) {
 432			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 433				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 434			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 435				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 436			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 437				c->w = ev->width;
 438			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 439				c->h = ev->height;
 440			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 441				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 442			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 443				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 444			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 445			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 446				configure(c);
 447			if(isvisible(c))
 448				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 449		}
 450		else
 451			configure(c);
 452	}
 453	else {
 454		wc.x = ev->x;
 455		wc.y = ev->y;
 456		wc.width = ev->width;
 457		wc.height = ev->height;
 458		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 459		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 460		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 461		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 462	}
 463	XSync(dpy, False);
 464}
 465
 466void
 467destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 468	Client *c;
 469	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 470
 471	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 472		unmanage(c);
 473}
 474
 475void
 476detach(Client *c) {
 477	if(c->prev)
 478		c->prev->next = c->next;
 479	if(c->next)
 480		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 481	if(c == clients)
 482		clients = c->next;
 483	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 484}
 485
 486void
 487detachstack(Client *c) {
 488	Client **tc;
 489
 490	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 491	*tc = c->snext;
 492}
 493
 494void
 495drawbar(void) {
 496	int i, x;
 497	Client *c;
 498
 499	dc.x = 0;
 500	for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 501	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 502		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 503		if(seltags[i]) {
 504			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 505			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 506		}
 507		else {
 508			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 509			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 510		}
 511		dc.x += dc.w;
 512	}
 513	dc.w = blw;
 514	drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 515	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 516	dc.w = textw(stext);
 517	dc.x = BW - dc.w;
 518	if(dc.x < x) {
 519		dc.x = x;
 520		dc.w = BW - x;
 521	}
 522	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 523	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 524		dc.x = x;
 525		if(c) {
 526			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 527			drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 528		}
 529		else
 530			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 531	}
 532	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, BW, bh, 0, 0);
 533	XSync(dpy, False);
 534}
 535
 536void
 537drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 538	int x;
 539	XGCValues gcv;
 540	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 541
 542	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 543	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 544	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 545	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 546	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 547	if(filled) {
 548		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 549		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 550	}
 551	else if(empty) {
 552		r.width = r.height = x;
 553		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 554	}
 555}
 556
 557void
 558drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 559	int x, y, w, h;
 560	unsigned int len, olen;
 561	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 562
 563	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 564	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 565	if(!text)
 566		return;
 567	w = 0;
 568	olen = len = strlen(text);
 569	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 570		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 571	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 572	buf[len] = 0;
 573	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 574	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 575	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 576	/* shorten text if necessary */
 577	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 578		buf[--len] = 0;
 579	if(len < olen) {
 580		if(len > 1)
 581			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 582		if(len > 2)
 583			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 584		if(len > 3)
 585			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 586	}
 587	if(w > dc.w)
 588		return; /* too long */
 589	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 590	if(dc.font.set)
 591		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 592	else
 593		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 594}
 595
 596void *
 597emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 598	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 599
 600	if(!res)
 601		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 602	return res;
 603}
 604
 605void
 606enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 607	Client *c;
 608	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 609
 610	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 611		return;
 612	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 613		focus(c);
 614	else
 615		focus(NULL);
 616}
 617
 618void
 619eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 620	va_list ap;
 621
 622	va_start(ap, errstr);
 623	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 624	va_end(ap);
 625	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 626}
 627
 628void
 629expose(XEvent *e) {
 630	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 631
 632	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 633		drawbar();
 634}
 635
 636void
 637floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 638	Client *c;
 639
 640	dozoom = False;
 641	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 642		if(isvisible(c))
 643			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 644}
 645
 646void
 647focus(Client *c) {
 648	if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 649		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 650	if(sel && sel != c) {
 651		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 652		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 653		if(lt->arrange == monocle)
 654			resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
 655	}
 656	if(c) {
 657		detachstack(c);
 658		attachstack(c);
 659		grabbuttons(c, True);
 660		if(lt->arrange == monocle) {
 661			if(sel != c) {
 662				c->rx = c->x;
 663				c->ry = c->y;
 664				c->rw = c->w;
 665				c->rh = c->h;
 666			}
 667			resize(c, MOX, MOY, MOW, MOH, RESIZEHINTS);
 668		}
 669	}
 670	sel = c;
 671	if(c) {
 672		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 673		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 674	}
 675	else
 676		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 677	drawbar();
 678}
 679
 680void
 681focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 682	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 683
 684	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 685		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 686}
 687
 688void
 689focusnext(const char *arg) {
 690	Client *c;
 691
 692	if(!sel)
 693		return;
 694	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 695	if(!c)
 696		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 697	if(c) {
 698		focus(c);
 699		restack();
 700	}
 701}
 702
 703void
 704focusprev(const char *arg) {
 705	Client *c;
 706
 707	if(!sel)
 708		return;
 709	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 710	if(!c) {
 711		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 712		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 713	}
 714	if(c) {
 715		focus(c);
 716		restack();
 717	}
 718}
 719
 720Client *
 721getclient(Window w) {
 722	Client *c;
 723
 724	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 725	return c;
 726}
 727
 728unsigned long
 729getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 730	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 731	XColor color;
 732
 733	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 734		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 735	return color.pixel;
 736}
 737
 738long
 739getstate(Window w) {
 740	int format, status;
 741	long result = -1;
 742	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 743	unsigned long n, extra;
 744	Atom real;
 745
 746	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 747			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 748	if(status != Success)
 749		return -1;
 750	if(n != 0)
 751		result = *p;
 752	XFree(p);
 753	return result;
 754}
 755
 756Bool
 757gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 758	char **list = NULL;
 759	int n;
 760	XTextProperty name;
 761
 762	if(!text || size == 0)
 763		return False;
 764	text[0] = '\0';
 765	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 766	if(!name.nitems)
 767		return False;
 768	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 769		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 770	else {
 771		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 772		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 773			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 774			XFreeStringList(list);
 775		}
 776	}
 777	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 778	XFree(name.value);
 779	return True;
 780}
 781
 782void
 783grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 784	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 785
 786	if(focused) {
 787		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 788				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 789		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 790				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 791		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 792				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 793		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 794				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 795
 796		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 797				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 798		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 799				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 800		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 801				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 802		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 803				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 804
 805		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 806				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 807		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 808				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 809		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 810				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 811		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 812				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 813	}
 814	else
 815		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 816				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 817}
 818
 819void
 820grabkeys(void)  {
 821	unsigned int i, j;
 822	KeyCode code;
 823	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 824
 825	/* init modifier map */
 826	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 827	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 828		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 829			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 830				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 831		}
 832	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 833
 834	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 835	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 836		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 837		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 838				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 839		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 840				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 841		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 842				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 843		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 844				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 845	}
 846}
 847
 848unsigned int
 849idxoftag(const char *t) {
 850	unsigned int i;
 851
 852	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 853	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 854}
 855
 856void
 857initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 858	char *def, **missing;
 859	int i, n;
 860
 861	missing = NULL;
 862	if(dc.font.set)
 863		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 864	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 865	if(missing) {
 866		while(n--)
 867			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 868		XFreeStringList(missing);
 869	}
 870	if(dc.font.set) {
 871		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 872		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 873		char **font_names;
 874		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 875		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 876		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 877		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 878			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 879				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 880			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 881				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 882			xfonts++;
 883		}
 884	}
 885	else {
 886		if(dc.font.xfont)
 887			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 888		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 889		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 890		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 891			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 892		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 893		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 894	}
 895	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 896}
 897
 898Bool
 899isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 900	Client *c;
 901
 902	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 903		if(c->tags[t])
 904			return True;
 905	return False;
 906}
 907
 908Bool
 909isprotodel(Client *c) {
 910	int i, n;
 911	Atom *protocols;
 912	Bool ret = False;
 913
 914	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 915		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 916			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 917				ret = True;
 918		XFree(protocols);
 919	}
 920	return ret;
 921}
 922
 923Bool
 924isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 925	Client *c;
 926
 927	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 928		if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 929			return True;
 930	return False;
 931}
 932
 933Bool
 934isvisible(Client *c) {
 935	unsigned int i;
 936
 937	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 938		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 939			return True;
 940	return False;
 941}
 942
 943void
 944keypress(XEvent *e) {
 945	unsigned int i;
 946	KeySym keysym;
 947	XKeyEvent *ev;
 948
 949	ev = &e->xkey;
 950	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 951	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 952		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 953		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 954		{
 955			if(keys[i].func)
 956				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 957		}
 958}
 959
 960void
 961killclient(const char *arg) {
 962	XEvent ev;
 963
 964	if(!sel)
 965		return;
 966	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 967		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 968		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 969		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 970		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 971		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 972		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 973		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 974	}
 975	else
 976		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 977}
 978
 979void
 980manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 981	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 982	Status rettrans;
 983	Window trans;
 984	XWindowChanges wc;
 985
 986	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 987	c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
 988	c->win = w;
 989
 990	c->x = c->rx = wa->x + sx;
 991	c->y = c->ry = wa->y + sy;
 992	c->w = c->rw = wa->width;
 993	c->h = c->rh = wa->height;
 994	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
 995
 996	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 997		c->x = sx;
 998		c->y = sy;
 999		c->border = wa->border_width;
1000	}
1001	else {
1002		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > sx + sw)
1003			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1004		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > sy + sh)
1005			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1006		if(c->x < sx)
1007			c->x = sx;
1008		if(c->y < sy)
1009			c->y = sy;
1010		c->border = BORDERPX;
1011	}
1012	wc.border_width = c->border;
1013	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1014	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1015	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1016	updatesizehints(c);
1017	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1018	grabbuttons(c, False);
1019	updatetitle(c);
1020	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1021		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1022	if(t)
1023		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1024	else
1025		applyrules(c);
1026	if(!c->isfloating)
1027		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1028	attach(c);
1029	attachstack(c);
1030	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1031	ban(c);
1032	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1033	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1034	arrange();
1035}
1036
1037void
1038mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1039	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1040
1041	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1042	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1043		grabkeys();
1044}
1045
1046void
1047maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1048	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1049	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1050
1051	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1052		return;
1053	if(wa.override_redirect)
1054		return;
1055	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1056		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1057}
1058
1059void
1060monocle(void) {
1061	dozoom = False;
1062}
1063
1064void
1065movemouse(Client *c) {
1066	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1067	unsigned int dui;
1068	Window dummy;
1069	XEvent ev;
1070
1071	ocx = nx = c->x;
1072	ocy = ny = c->y;
1073	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1074			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1075		return;
1076	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1077	for(;;) {
1078		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1079		switch (ev.type) {
1080		case ButtonRelease:
1081			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1082			return;
1083		case ConfigureRequest:
1084		case Expose:
1085		case MapRequest:
1086			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1087			break;
1088		case MotionNotify:
1089			XSync(dpy, False);
1090			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1091			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1092			if(abs(sx - nx) < SNAP)
1093				nx = sx;
1094			else if(abs((sx + sw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1095				nx = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1096			if(abs(sy - ny) < SNAP)
1097				ny = sy;
1098			else if(abs((sy + sh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1099				ny = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1100			if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1101				togglefloating(NULL);
1102			if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1103				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1104			break;
1105		}
1106	}
1107}
1108
1109Client *
1110nexttiled(Client *c) {
1111	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1112	return c;
1113}
1114
1115void
1116propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1117	Client *c;
1118	Window trans;
1119	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1120
1121	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1122		return; /* ignore */
1123	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1124		switch (ev->atom) {
1125		default: break;
1126		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1127			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1128			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1129				arrange();
1130			break;
1131		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1132			updatesizehints(c);
1133			break;
1134		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1135			updatewmhints(c);
1136			drawbar();
1137			break;
1138		}
1139		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1140			updatetitle(c);
1141			if(c == sel)
1142				drawbar();
1143		}
1144	}
1145}
1146
1147void
1148quit(const char *arg) {
1149	readin = running = False;
1150}
1151
1152void
1153reapply(const char *arg) {
1154	static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1155	Client *c;
1156
1157	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1158		memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1159		applyrules(c);
1160	}
1161	arrange();
1162}
1163
1164void
1165resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1166	XWindowChanges wc;
1167
1168	if(sizehints) {
1169		/* set minimum possible */
1170		if (w < 1)
1171			w = 1;
1172		if (h < 1)
1173			h = 1;
1174
1175		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1176		w -= c->basew;
1177		h -= c->baseh;
1178
1179		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1180		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1181			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1182				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1183			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1184				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1185		}
1186
1187		/* adjust for increment value */
1188		if(c->incw)
1189			w -= w % c->incw;
1190		if(c->inch)
1191			h -= h % c->inch;
1192
1193		/* restore base dimensions */
1194		w += c->basew;
1195		h += c->baseh;
1196
1197		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1198			w = c->minw;
1199		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1200			h = c->minh;
1201		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1202			w = c->maxw;
1203		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1204			h = c->maxh;
1205	}
1206	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1207		return;
1208	if(x > sx + sw)
1209		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1210	if(y > sy + sh)
1211		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1212	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1213		x = sx;
1214	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1215		y = sy;
1216	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1217		c->x = wc.x = x;
1218		c->y = wc.y = y;
1219		c->w = wc.width = w;
1220		c->h = wc.height = h;
1221		wc.border_width = c->border;
1222		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1223				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1224		configure(c);
1225		XSync(dpy, False);
1226	}
1227}
1228
1229void
1230resizemouse(Client *c) {
1231	int ocx, ocy;
1232	int nw, nh;
1233	XEvent ev;
1234
1235	ocx = c->x;
1236	ocy = c->y;
1237	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1238			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1239		return;
1240	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1241	for(;;) {
1242		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1243		switch(ev.type) {
1244		case ButtonRelease:
1245			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1246					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1247			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1248			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1249			return;
1250		case ConfigureRequest:
1251		case Expose:
1252		case MapRequest:
1253			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1254			break;
1255		case MotionNotify:
1256			XSync(dpy, False);
1257			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1258				nw = 1;
1259			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1260				nh = 1;
1261			if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1262				togglefloating(NULL);
1263			if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1264				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1265			break;
1266		}
1267	}
1268}
1269
1270void
1271restack(void) {
1272	Client *c;
1273	XEvent ev;
1274	XWindowChanges wc;
1275
1276	drawbar();
1277	if(!sel)
1278		return;
1279	if(sel->isfloating || (lt->arrange == floating))
1280		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1281	if(lt->arrange != floating) {
1282		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1283		wc.sibling = barwin;
1284		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1285			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1286			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1287		}
1288		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1289			if(c == sel)
1290				continue;
1291			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1292			wc.sibling = c->win;
1293		}
1294	}
1295	XSync(dpy, False);
1296	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1297}
1298
1299void
1300run(void) {
1301	char *p;
1302	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1303	fd_set rd;
1304	int r, xfd;
1305	unsigned int len, offset;
1306	XEvent ev;
1307
1308	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1309	XSync(dpy, False);
1310	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1311	readin = True;
1312	offset = 0;
1313	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1314	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1315	while(running) {
1316		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1317		if(readin)
1318			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1319		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1320		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1321			if(errno == EINTR)
1322				continue;
1323			eprint("select failed\n");
1324		}
1325		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1326			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1327			case -1:
1328				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1329				readin = False;
1330				break;
1331			case 0:
1332				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1333				readin = False;
1334				break;
1335			default:
1336				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1337					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1338						*p = '\0';
1339						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1340						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1341						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1342						offset = r;
1343						if(r)
1344							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1345						break;
1346					}
1347				break;
1348			}
1349			drawbar();
1350		}
1351		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1352			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1353			if(handler[ev.type])
1354				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1355		}
1356	}
1357}
1358
1359void
1360scan(void) {
1361	unsigned int i, num;
1362	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1363	XWindowAttributes wa;
1364
1365	wins = NULL;
1366	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1367		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1368			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1369					|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1370				continue;
1371			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1372				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1373		}
1374		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1375			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1376				continue;
1377			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1378					&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1379				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1380		}
1381	}
1382	if(wins)
1383		XFree(wins);
1384}
1385
1386void
1387setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1388	long data[] = {state, None};
1389
1390	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1391			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1392}
1393
1394void
1395setlayout(const char *arg) {
1396	unsigned int i;
1397
1398	if(!arg)
1399		return;
1400	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1401		if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1402			break;
1403	if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1404		return;
1405	lt = &layouts[i];
1406	if(sel)
1407		arrange();
1408	else
1409		drawbar();
1410}
1411
1412void
1413setup(void) {
1414	unsigned int i;
1415	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1416
1417	/* init screen */
1418	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1419	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1420	sx = 0;
1421	sy = 0;
1422	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1423	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1424
1425	/* init atoms */
1426	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1427	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1428	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1429	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1430	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1431	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1432
1433	/* init cursors */
1434	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1435	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1436	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1437
1438	/* init appearance */
1439	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1440	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1441	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1442	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1443	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1444	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1445	initfont(FONT);
1446	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1447	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1448	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1449	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1450	if(!dc.font.set)
1451		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1452
1453	/* init tags */
1454	seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1455	prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1456	seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1457
1458	/* init layouts */
1459	lt = &layouts[0];
1460
1461	/* init bar */
1462	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1463		i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1464		if(i > blw)
1465			blw = i;
1466	}
1467
1468	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1469	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1470	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1471
1472	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, BX, BY, BW, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1473				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1474				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1475	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1476	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1477	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1478	drawbar();
1479
1480	/* EWMH support per view */
1481	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1482			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1483
1484	/* select for events */
1485	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1486			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1487	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1488	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1489
1490
1491	/* grab keys */
1492	grabkeys();
1493}
1494
1495void
1496spawn(const char *arg) {
1497	static char *shell = NULL;
1498
1499	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1500		shell = "/bin/sh";
1501	if(!arg)
1502		return;
1503	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1504	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1505	if(fork() == 0) {
1506		if(fork() == 0) {
1507			if(dpy)
1508				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1509			setsid();
1510			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1511			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1512			perror(" failed");
1513		}
1514		exit(0);
1515	}
1516	wait(0);
1517}
1518
1519void
1520tag(const char *arg) {
1521	unsigned int i;
1522
1523	if(!sel)
1524		return;
1525	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1526		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1527	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1528	arrange();
1529}
1530
1531unsigned int
1532textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1533	XRectangle r;
1534
1535	if(dc.font.set) {
1536		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1537		return r.width;
1538	}
1539	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1540}
1541
1542unsigned int
1543textw(const char *text) {
1544	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1545}
1546
1547void
1548tile(void) {
1549	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1550	Client *c, *mc;
1551
1552	dozoom = True;
1553	nx = MX;
1554	ny = MY;
1555	nw = 0;
1556	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1557		n++;
1558
1559	/* window geoms */
1560	mw = (n == 1) ? MOW : MW;
1561	th = (n > 1) ? TH / (n - 1) : 0;
1562	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1563		th = TH;
1564
1565	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1566		if(i == 0) { /* master */
1567			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1568			nh = MH - 2 * c->border;
1569		}
1570		else {  /* tile window */
1571			if(i == 1) {
1572				ny = TY;
1573				nx = TX;
1574				nw = TW - 2 * c->border;
1575			}
1576			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1577				nh = (TY + TH) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1578			else
1579				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1580		}
1581		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1582		if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1583			/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1584			resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1585		if(n > 1 && th != TH)
1586			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1587		i++;
1588	}
1589}
1590
1591void
1592togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1593	if(!sel)
1594		return;
1595	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1596	if(sel->isfloating)
1597		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1598	arrange();
1599}
1600
1601void
1602toggletag(const char *arg) {
1603	unsigned int i, j;
1604
1605	if(!sel)
1606		return;
1607	i = idxoftag(arg);
1608	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1609	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1610	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1611		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1612	arrange();
1613}
1614
1615void
1616toggleview(const char *arg) {
1617	unsigned int i, j;
1618
1619	i = idxoftag(arg);
1620	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1621	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1622	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1623		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1624	arrange();
1625}
1626
1627void
1628unban(Client *c) {
1629	if(!c->isbanned)
1630		return;
1631	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1632	c->isbanned = False;
1633}
1634
1635void
1636unmanage(Client *c) {
1637	XWindowChanges wc;
1638
1639	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1640	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1641	XGrabServer(dpy);
1642	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1643	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1644	detach(c);
1645	detachstack(c);
1646	if(sel == c)
1647		focus(NULL);
1648	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1649	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1650	free(c->tags);
1651	free(c);
1652	XSync(dpy, False);
1653	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1654	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1655	arrange();
1656}
1657
1658void
1659unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1660	Client *c;
1661	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1662
1663	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1664		unmanage(c);
1665}
1666
1667void
1668updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1669	long msize;
1670	XSizeHints size;
1671
1672	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1673		size.flags = PSize;
1674	c->flags = size.flags;
1675	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1676		c->basew = size.base_width;
1677		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1678	}
1679	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1680		c->basew = size.min_width;
1681		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1682	}
1683	else
1684		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1685	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1686		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1687		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1688	}
1689	else
1690		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1691	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1692		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1693		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1694	}
1695	else
1696		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1697	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1698		c->minw = size.min_width;
1699		c->minh = size.min_height;
1700	}
1701	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1702		c->minw = size.base_width;
1703		c->minh = size.base_height;
1704	}
1705	else
1706		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1707	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1708		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1709		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1710		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1711		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1712	}
1713	else
1714		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1715	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1716			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1717}
1718
1719void
1720updatetitle(Client *c) {
1721	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1722		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1723}
1724
1725void
1726updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1727	XWMHints *wmh;
1728
1729	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1730		if(c == sel)
1731			sel->isurgent = False;
1732		else
1733			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1734		XFree(wmh);
1735	}
1736}
1737
1738
1739void
1740view(const char *arg) {
1741	unsigned int i;
1742
1743	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1744		tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1745	tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1746
1747	if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1748		memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1749		memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1750		arrange();
1751	}
1752}
1753
1754void
1755viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1756
1757	memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1758	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1759	memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1760	arrange();
1761}
1762
1763/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1764 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1765 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1766int
1767xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1768	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1769	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1770	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1771	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1772	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1773	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1774	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1775	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1776		return 0;
1777	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1778		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1779	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1780}
1781
1782int
1783xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1784	return 0;
1785}
1786
1787/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1788 * is already running. */
1789int
1790xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1791	otherwm = True;
1792	return -1;
1793}
1794
1795void
1796zoom(const char *arg) {
1797	Client *c = sel;
1798
1799	if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1800		return;
1801	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1802		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1803			return;
1804	detach(c);
1805	attach(c);
1806	focus(c);
1807	arrange();
1808}
1809
1810int
1811main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1812	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1813		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1814	else if(argc != 1)
1815		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1816
1817	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1818	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1819		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1820
1821	checkotherwm();
1822	setup();
1823	scan();
1824	run();
1825	cleanup();
1826
1827	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1828	return 0;
1829}