1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42
  43/* macros */
  44#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46#define LENGTH(x)		(sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  47#define MAXTAGLEN		16
  48#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  49
  50/* enums */
  51enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  52enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  53enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  54enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  55
  56/* typedefs */
  57typedef struct Client Client;
  58struct Client {
  59	char name[256];
  60	int x, y, w, h;
  61	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  62	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  63	long flags;
  64	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  65	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  66	Bool *tags;
  67	Client *next;
  68	Client *prev;
  69	Client *snext;
  70	Window win;
  71};
  72
  73typedef struct {
  74	int x, y, w, h;
  75	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  76	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  77	Drawable drawable;
  78	GC gc;
  79	struct {
  80		int ascent;
  81		int descent;
  82		int height;
  83		XFontSet set;
  84		XFontStruct *xfont;
  85	} font;
  86} DC; /* draw context */
  87
  88typedef struct {
  89	unsigned long mod;
  90	KeySym keysym;
  91	void (*func)(const char *arg);
  92	const char *arg;
  93} Key;
  94
  95typedef struct {
  96	const char *symbol;
  97	void (*arrange)(void);
  98	Bool isfloating;
  99} Layout; 
 100
 101typedef struct {
 102	const char *class;
 103	const char *instance;
 104	const char *title;
 105	const char *tag;
 106	Bool isfloating;
 107} Rule;
 108
 109/* function declarations */
 110void applyrules(Client *c);
 111void arrange(void);
 112void attach(Client *c);
 113void attachstack(Client *c);
 114void ban(Client *c);
 115void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 116void checkotherwm(void);
 117void cleanup(void);
 118void configure(Client *c);
 119void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 120void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 121unsigned int counttiled(void);
 122void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 123void detach(Client *c);
 124void detachstack(Client *c);
 125void drawbar(void);
 126void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 127void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 128void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 129void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 130void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 131void expose(XEvent *e);
 132void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 133void focus(Client *c);
 134void focusin(XEvent *e);
 135void focusnext(const char *arg);
 136void focusprev(const char *arg);
 137Client *getclient(Window w);
 138unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 139long getstate(Window w);
 140Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 141void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 142void grabkeys(void);
 143unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 144void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 145Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 146Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 147Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 148Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 149void keypress(XEvent *e);
 150void killclient(const char *arg);
 151void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 152void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 153void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 154void monocle(void);
 155void movemouse(Client *c);
 156Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 157void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 158void quit(const char *arg);
 159void reapply(const char *arg);
 160void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 161void resizemouse(Client *c);
 162void restack(void);
 163void run(void);
 164void scan(void);
 165void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 166void setdefgeoms(void);
 167void setlayout(const char *arg);
 168void setup(void);
 169void spawn(const char *arg);
 170void tag(const char *arg);
 171unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 172unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 173void tileh(void);
 174void tilehstack(unsigned int n);
 175Client *tilemaster(unsigned int n);
 176void tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 177void tilev(void);
 178void tilevstack(unsigned int n);
 179void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 180void toggletag(const char *arg);
 181void toggleview(const char *arg);
 182void unban(Client *c);
 183void unmanage(Client *c);
 184void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 185void updatebarpos(void);
 186void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 187void updatetitle(Client *c);
 188void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 189void view(const char *arg);
 190void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 191int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 194void zoom(const char *arg);
 195
 196/* variables */
 197char stext[256], buf[256];
 198int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 199int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 200int bx, by, bw, bh, blw, mx, my, mw, mh, mox, moy, mow, moh, tx, ty, tw, th, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 201unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 202void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 203	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 204	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 205	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 206	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 207	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 208	[Expose] = expose,
 209	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 210	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 211	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 212	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 213	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 214	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 215};
 216Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 217Bool otherwm, readin;
 218Bool running = True;
 219Bool *prevtags;
 220Bool *seltags;
 221Client *clients = NULL;
 222Client *sel = NULL;
 223Client *stack = NULL;
 224Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 225Display *dpy;
 226DC dc = {0};
 227Layout *lt = NULL;
 228Window root, barwin;
 229
 230/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 231#include "config.h"
 232#define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 233static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
 234
 235/* function implementations */
 236
 237void
 238applyrules(Client *c) {
 239	unsigned int i;
 240	Bool matched = False;
 241	Rule *r;
 242	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 243
 244	/* rule matching */
 245	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 246	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 247		r = &rules[i];
 248		if(strstr(c->name, r->title)
 249		|| (ch.res_class && r->class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class))
 250		|| (ch.res_name && r->instance && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))
 251		{
 252			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 253			if(r->tag) {
 254				c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 255				matched = True;
 256			}
 257		}
 258	}
 259	if(ch.res_class)
 260		XFree(ch.res_class);
 261	if(ch.res_name)
 262		XFree(ch.res_name);
 263	if(!matched)
 264		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
 265}
 266
 267void
 268arrange(void) {
 269	Client *c;
 270
 271	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 272		if(isvisible(c))
 273			unban(c);
 274		else
 275			ban(c);
 276
 277	focus(NULL);
 278	lt->arrange();
 279	restack();
 280}
 281
 282void
 283attach(Client *c) {
 284	if(clients)
 285		clients->prev = c;
 286	c->next = clients;
 287	clients = c;
 288}
 289
 290void
 291attachstack(Client *c) {
 292	c->snext = stack;
 293	stack = c;
 294}
 295
 296void
 297ban(Client *c) {
 298	if(c->isbanned)
 299		return;
 300	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 301	c->isbanned = True;
 302}
 303
 304void
 305buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306	unsigned int i, x;
 307	Client *c;
 308	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 311		x = 0;
 312		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 313			x += textw(tags[i]);
 314			if(ev->x < x) {
 315				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 316					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 317						tag(tags[i]);
 318					else
 319						view(tags[i]);
 320				}
 321				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 322					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 323						toggletag(tags[i]);
 324					else
 325						toggleview(tags[i]);
 326				}
 327				return;
 328			}
 329		}
 330	}
 331	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 332		focus(c);
 333		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 334			return;
 335		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 336			restack();
 337			movemouse(c);
 338		}
 339		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 340			if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 341				togglefloating(NULL);
 342			else
 343				zoom(NULL);
 344		}
 345		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 346			restack();
 347			resizemouse(c);
 348		}
 349	}
 350}
 351
 352void
 353checkotherwm(void) {
 354	otherwm = False;
 355	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 356
 357	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 358	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 359	XSync(dpy, False);
 360	if(otherwm)
 361		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 362	XSync(dpy, False);
 363	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 364	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 365	XSync(dpy, False);
 366}
 367
 368void
 369cleanup(void) {
 370	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 371	while(stack) {
 372		unban(stack);
 373		unmanage(stack);
 374	}
 375	if(dc.font.set)
 376		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 377	else
 378		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 379	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 380	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 381	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 382	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 383	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 384	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 385	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 386	XSync(dpy, False);
 387	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 388}
 389
 390void
 391configure(Client *c) {
 392	XConfigureEvent ce;
 393
 394	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 395	ce.display = dpy;
 396	ce.event = c->win;
 397	ce.window = c->win;
 398	ce.x = c->x;
 399	ce.y = c->y;
 400	ce.width = c->w;
 401	ce.height = c->h;
 402	ce.border_width = c->border;
 403	ce.above = None;
 404	ce.override_redirect = False;
 405	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 406}
 407
 408void
 409configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 410	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 411
 412	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 413		setgeoms();
 414		updatebarpos();
 415		arrange();
 416	}
 417}
 418
 419void
 420configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 421	Client *c;
 422	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 423	XWindowChanges wc;
 424
 425	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 426		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 427			c->border = ev->border_width;
 428		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || lt->isfloating) {
 429			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 430				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 431			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 432				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 433			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 434				c->w = ev->width;
 435			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 436				c->h = ev->height;
 437			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 438				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 439			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 440				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 441			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 442			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 443				configure(c);
 444			if(isvisible(c))
 445				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 446		}
 447		else
 448			configure(c);
 449	}
 450	else {
 451		wc.x = ev->x;
 452		wc.y = ev->y;
 453		wc.width = ev->width;
 454		wc.height = ev->height;
 455		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 456		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 457		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 458		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 459	}
 460	XSync(dpy, False);
 461}
 462
 463unsigned int
 464counttiled(void) {
 465	unsigned int n;
 466	Client *c;
 467
 468	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
 469	return n;
 470}
 471
 472void
 473destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 474	Client *c;
 475	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 476
 477	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 478		unmanage(c);
 479}
 480
 481void
 482detach(Client *c) {
 483	if(c->prev)
 484		c->prev->next = c->next;
 485	if(c->next)
 486		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 487	if(c == clients)
 488		clients = c->next;
 489	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 490}
 491
 492void
 493detachstack(Client *c) {
 494	Client **tc;
 495
 496	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 497	*tc = c->snext;
 498}
 499
 500void
 501drawbar(void) {
 502	int i, x;
 503	Client *c;
 504
 505	dc.x = 0;
 506	for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 507	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 508		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 509		if(seltags[i]) {
 510			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 511			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 512		}
 513		else {
 514			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 515			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 516		}
 517		dc.x += dc.w;
 518	}
 519	dc.w = blw;
 520	drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 521	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 522	dc.w = textw(stext);
 523	dc.x = bw - dc.w;
 524	if(dc.x < x) {
 525		dc.x = x;
 526		dc.w = bw - x;
 527	}
 528	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 529	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 530		dc.x = x;
 531		if(c) {
 532			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 533			drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 534		}
 535		else
 536			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 537	}
 538	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, bw, bh, 0, 0);
 539	XSync(dpy, False);
 540}
 541
 542void
 543drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 544	int x;
 545	XGCValues gcv;
 546	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 547
 548	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 549	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 550	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 551	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 552	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 553	if(filled) {
 554		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 555		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 556	}
 557	else if(empty) {
 558		r.width = r.height = x;
 559		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 560	}
 561}
 562
 563void
 564drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 565	int x, y, w, h;
 566	unsigned int len, olen;
 567	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 568
 569	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 570	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 571	if(!text)
 572		return;
 573	w = 0;
 574	olen = len = strlen(text);
 575	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 576		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 577	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 578	buf[len] = 0;
 579	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 580	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 581	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 582	/* shorten text if necessary */
 583	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 584		buf[--len] = 0;
 585	if(len < olen) {
 586		if(len > 1)
 587			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 588		if(len > 2)
 589			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 590		if(len > 3)
 591			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 592	}
 593	if(w > dc.w)
 594		return; /* too long */
 595	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 596	if(dc.font.set)
 597		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 598	else
 599		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 600}
 601
 602void *
 603emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 604	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 605
 606	if(!res)
 607		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 608	return res;
 609}
 610
 611void
 612enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 613	Client *c;
 614	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 615
 616	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 617		return;
 618	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 619		focus(c);
 620	else
 621		focus(NULL);
 622}
 623
 624void
 625eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 626	va_list ap;
 627
 628	va_start(ap, errstr);
 629	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 630	va_end(ap);
 631	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 632}
 633
 634void
 635expose(XEvent *e) {
 636	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 637
 638	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 639		drawbar();
 640}
 641
 642void
 643floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 644	Client *c;
 645
 646	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 647		if(isvisible(c))
 648			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 649}
 650
 651void
 652focus(Client *c) {
 653	if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 654		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 655	if(sel && sel != c) {
 656		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 657		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 658	}
 659	if(c) {
 660		detachstack(c);
 661		attachstack(c);
 662		grabbuttons(c, True);
 663	}
 664	sel = c;
 665	if(c) {
 666		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 667		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 668	}
 669	else
 670		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 671	drawbar();
 672}
 673
 674void
 675focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 676	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 677
 678	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 679		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 680}
 681
 682void
 683focusnext(const char *arg) {
 684	Client *c;
 685
 686	if(!sel)
 687		return;
 688	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 689	if(!c)
 690		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 691	if(c) {
 692		focus(c);
 693		restack();
 694	}
 695}
 696
 697void
 698focusprev(const char *arg) {
 699	Client *c;
 700
 701	if(!sel)
 702		return;
 703	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 704	if(!c) {
 705		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 706		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 707	}
 708	if(c) {
 709		focus(c);
 710		restack();
 711	}
 712}
 713
 714Client *
 715getclient(Window w) {
 716	Client *c;
 717
 718	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 719	return c;
 720}
 721
 722unsigned long
 723getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 724	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 725	XColor color;
 726
 727	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 728		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 729	return color.pixel;
 730}
 731
 732long
 733getstate(Window w) {
 734	int format, status;
 735	long result = -1;
 736	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 737	unsigned long n, extra;
 738	Atom real;
 739
 740	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 741			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 742	if(status != Success)
 743		return -1;
 744	if(n != 0)
 745		result = *p;
 746	XFree(p);
 747	return result;
 748}
 749
 750Bool
 751gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 752	char **list = NULL;
 753	int n;
 754	XTextProperty name;
 755
 756	if(!text || size == 0)
 757		return False;
 758	text[0] = '\0';
 759	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 760	if(!name.nitems)
 761		return False;
 762	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 763		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 764	else {
 765		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 766		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 767			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 768			XFreeStringList(list);
 769		}
 770	}
 771	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 772	XFree(name.value);
 773	return True;
 774}
 775
 776void
 777grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 778	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 779
 780	if(focused) {
 781		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 782				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 783		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 784				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 785		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 786				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 787		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 788				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 789
 790		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 791				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 792		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 793				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 794		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 795				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 796		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 797				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 798
 799		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 800				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 801		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 802				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 803		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 804				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 805		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 806				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 807	}
 808	else
 809		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 810				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 811}
 812
 813void
 814grabkeys(void)  {
 815	unsigned int i, j;
 816	KeyCode code;
 817	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 818
 819	/* init modifier map */
 820	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 821	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 822		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 823			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 824				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 825		}
 826	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 827
 828	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 829	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 830		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 831		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 832				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 833		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 834				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 835		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 836				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 837		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 838				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 839	}
 840}
 841
 842unsigned int
 843idxoftag(const char *t) {
 844	unsigned int i;
 845
 846	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 847	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 848}
 849
 850void
 851initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 852	char *def, **missing;
 853	int i, n;
 854
 855	missing = NULL;
 856	if(dc.font.set)
 857		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 858	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 859	if(missing) {
 860		while(n--)
 861			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 862		XFreeStringList(missing);
 863	}
 864	if(dc.font.set) {
 865		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 866		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 867		char **font_names;
 868		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 869		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 870		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 871		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 872			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 873				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 874			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 875				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 876			xfonts++;
 877		}
 878	}
 879	else {
 880		if(dc.font.xfont)
 881			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 882		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 883		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 884		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 885			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 886		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 887		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 888	}
 889	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 890}
 891
 892Bool
 893isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 894	Client *c;
 895
 896	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 897		if(c->tags[t])
 898			return True;
 899	return False;
 900}
 901
 902Bool
 903isprotodel(Client *c) {
 904	int i, n;
 905	Atom *protocols;
 906	Bool ret = False;
 907
 908	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 909		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 910			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 911				ret = True;
 912		XFree(protocols);
 913	}
 914	return ret;
 915}
 916
 917Bool
 918isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 919	Client *c;
 920
 921	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 922		if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 923			return True;
 924	return False;
 925}
 926
 927Bool
 928isvisible(Client *c) {
 929	unsigned int i;
 930
 931	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 932		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 933			return True;
 934	return False;
 935}
 936
 937void
 938keypress(XEvent *e) {
 939	unsigned int i;
 940	KeySym keysym;
 941	XKeyEvent *ev;
 942
 943	ev = &e->xkey;
 944	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 945	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 946		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 947		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 948		{
 949			if(keys[i].func)
 950				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 951		}
 952}
 953
 954void
 955killclient(const char *arg) {
 956	XEvent ev;
 957
 958	if(!sel)
 959		return;
 960	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 961		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 962		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 963		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 964		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 965		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 966		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 967		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 968	}
 969	else
 970		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 971}
 972
 973void
 974manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 975	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 976	Status rettrans;
 977	Window trans;
 978	XWindowChanges wc;
 979
 980	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 981	c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
 982	c->win = w;
 983
 984	/* geometry */
 985	c->x = wa->x;
 986	c->y = wa->y;
 987	c->w = wa->width;
 988	c->h = wa->height;
 989	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
 990	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 991		c->x = sx;
 992		c->y = sy;
 993		c->border = wa->border_width;
 994	}
 995	else {
 996		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wx + ww)
 997			c->x = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->border;
 998		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > wy + wh)
 999			c->y = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1000		if(c->x < wx)
1001			c->x = wx;
1002		if(c->y < wy)
1003			c->y = wy;
1004		c->border = BORDERPX;
1005	}
1006
1007	wc.border_width = c->border;
1008	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1009	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1010	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1011	updatesizehints(c);
1012	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1013	grabbuttons(c, False);
1014	updatetitle(c);
1015	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1016		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1017	if(t)
1018		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1019	else
1020		applyrules(c);
1021	if(!c->isfloating)
1022		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1023	attach(c);
1024	attachstack(c);
1025	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1026	ban(c);
1027	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1028	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1029	arrange();
1030}
1031
1032void
1033mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1034	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1035
1036	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1037	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1038		grabkeys();
1039}
1040
1041void
1042maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1043	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1044	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1045
1046	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1047		return;
1048	if(wa.override_redirect)
1049		return;
1050	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1051		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1052}
1053
1054void
1055monocle(void) {
1056	Client *c;
1057
1058	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1059		if(isvisible(c))
1060			resize(c, mox, moy, mow, moh, RESIZEHINTS);
1061}
1062
1063void
1064movemouse(Client *c) {
1065	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1066	unsigned int dui;
1067	Window dummy;
1068	XEvent ev;
1069
1070	ocx = nx = c->x;
1071	ocy = ny = c->y;
1072	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1073			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1074		return;
1075	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1076	for(;;) {
1077		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1078		switch (ev.type) {
1079		case ButtonRelease:
1080			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1081			return;
1082		case ConfigureRequest:
1083		case Expose:
1084		case MapRequest:
1085			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1086			break;
1087		case MotionNotify:
1088			XSync(dpy, False);
1089			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1090			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1091			if(abs(wx - nx) < SNAP)
1092				nx = wx;
1093			else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1094				nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1095			if(abs(wy - ny) < SNAP)
1096				ny = wy;
1097			else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1098				ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1099			if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1100				togglefloating(NULL);
1101			if((lt->isfloating) || c->isfloating)
1102				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1103			break;
1104		}
1105	}
1106}
1107
1108Client *
1109nexttiled(Client *c) {
1110	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1111	return c;
1112}
1113
1114void
1115propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1116	Client *c;
1117	Window trans;
1118	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1119
1120	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1121		return; /* ignore */
1122	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1123		switch (ev->atom) {
1124		default: break;
1125		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1126			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1127			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1128				arrange();
1129			break;
1130		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1131			updatesizehints(c);
1132			break;
1133		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1134			updatewmhints(c);
1135			drawbar();
1136			break;
1137		}
1138		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1139			updatetitle(c);
1140			if(c == sel)
1141				drawbar();
1142		}
1143	}
1144}
1145
1146void
1147quit(const char *arg) {
1148	readin = running = False;
1149}
1150
1151void
1152reapply(const char *arg) {
1153	static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1154	Client *c;
1155
1156	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1157		memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1158		applyrules(c);
1159	}
1160	arrange();
1161}
1162
1163void
1164resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1165	XWindowChanges wc;
1166
1167	if(sizehints) {
1168		/* set minimum possible */
1169		if (w < 1)
1170			w = 1;
1171		if (h < 1)
1172			h = 1;
1173
1174		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1175		w -= c->basew;
1176		h -= c->baseh;
1177
1178		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1179		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1180			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1181				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1182			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1183				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1184		}
1185
1186		/* adjust for increment value */
1187		if(c->incw)
1188			w -= w % c->incw;
1189		if(c->inch)
1190			h -= h % c->inch;
1191
1192		/* restore base dimensions */
1193		w += c->basew;
1194		h += c->baseh;
1195
1196		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1197			w = c->minw;
1198		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1199			h = c->minh;
1200		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1201			w = c->maxw;
1202		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1203			h = c->maxh;
1204	}
1205	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1206		return;
1207	if(x > sx + sw)
1208		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1209	if(y > sy + sh)
1210		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1211	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1212		x = sx;
1213	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1214		y = sy;
1215	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1216		c->x = wc.x = x;
1217		c->y = wc.y = y;
1218		c->w = wc.width = w;
1219		c->h = wc.height = h;
1220		wc.border_width = c->border;
1221		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1222				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1223		configure(c);
1224		XSync(dpy, False);
1225	}
1226}
1227
1228void
1229resizemouse(Client *c) {
1230	int ocx, ocy;
1231	int nw, nh;
1232	XEvent ev;
1233
1234	ocx = c->x;
1235	ocy = c->y;
1236	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1237			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1238		return;
1239	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1240	for(;;) {
1241		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1242		switch(ev.type) {
1243		case ButtonRelease:
1244			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1245					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1246			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1247			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1248			return;
1249		case ConfigureRequest:
1250		case Expose:
1251		case MapRequest:
1252			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1253			break;
1254		case MotionNotify:
1255			XSync(dpy, False);
1256			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1257				nw = 1;
1258			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1259				nh = 1;
1260			if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1261				togglefloating(NULL);
1262			if((lt->isfloating) || c->isfloating)
1263				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1264			break;
1265		}
1266	}
1267}
1268
1269void
1270restack(void) {
1271	Client *c;
1272	XEvent ev;
1273	XWindowChanges wc;
1274
1275	drawbar();
1276	if(!sel)
1277		return;
1278	if(sel->isfloating || lt->isfloating)
1279		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1280	if(!lt->isfloating) {
1281		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1282		wc.sibling = barwin;
1283		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1284			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1285			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1286		}
1287		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1288			if(c == sel)
1289				continue;
1290			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1291			wc.sibling = c->win;
1292		}
1293	}
1294	XSync(dpy, False);
1295	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1296}
1297
1298void
1299run(void) {
1300	char *p;
1301	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1302	fd_set rd;
1303	int r, xfd;
1304	unsigned int len, offset;
1305	XEvent ev;
1306
1307	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1308	XSync(dpy, False);
1309	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1310	readin = True;
1311	offset = 0;
1312	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1313	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1314	while(running) {
1315		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1316		if(readin)
1317			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1318		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1319		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1320			if(errno == EINTR)
1321				continue;
1322			eprint("select failed\n");
1323		}
1324		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1325			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1326			case -1:
1327				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1328				readin = False;
1329				break;
1330			case 0:
1331				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1332				readin = False;
1333				break;
1334			default:
1335				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1336					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1337						*p = '\0';
1338						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1339						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1340						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1341						offset = r;
1342						if(r)
1343							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1344						break;
1345					}
1346				break;
1347			}
1348			drawbar();
1349		}
1350		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1351			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1352			if(handler[ev.type])
1353				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1354		}
1355	}
1356}
1357
1358void
1359scan(void) {
1360	unsigned int i, num;
1361	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1362	XWindowAttributes wa;
1363
1364	wins = NULL;
1365	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1366		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1367			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1368					|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1369				continue;
1370			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1371				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1372		}
1373		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1374			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1375				continue;
1376			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1377					&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1378				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1379		}
1380	}
1381	if(wins)
1382		XFree(wins);
1383}
1384
1385void
1386setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1387	long data[] = {state, None};
1388
1389	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1390			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1391}
1392
1393void
1394setdefgeoms(void) {
1395
1396	/* screen dimensions */
1397	sx = 0;
1398	sy = 0;
1399	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1400	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1401
1402	/* bar position */
1403	bx = sx;
1404	by = sy;
1405	bw = sw;
1406	bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1407
1408	/* window area */
1409	wx = sx;
1410	wy = sy + bh;
1411	ww = sw;
1412	wh = sh - bh;
1413
1414	/* master area */
1415	mx = wx;
1416	my = wy;
1417	mw = ((float)sw) * 0.55;
1418	mh = wh;
1419
1420	/* tile area */
1421	tx = mx + mw;
1422	ty = wy;
1423	tw = ww - mw;
1424	th = wh;
1425
1426	/* monocle area */
1427	mox = wx;
1428	moy = wy;
1429	mow = ww;
1430	moh = wh;
1431}
1432
1433void
1434setlayout(const char *arg) {
1435	static Layout *revert = 0;
1436	unsigned int i;
1437
1438	if(!arg)
1439		return;
1440	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1441		if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1442			break;
1443	if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1444		return;
1445	if(revert && &layouts[i] == lt)
1446		lt = revert;
1447	else {
1448		revert = lt;
1449		lt = &layouts[i];
1450	}
1451	if(sel)
1452		arrange();
1453	else
1454		drawbar();
1455}
1456
1457void
1458setup(void) {
1459	unsigned int i;
1460	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1461
1462	/* init screen */
1463	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1464	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1465	initfont(FONT);
1466
1467	/* apply default geometries */
1468	setgeoms();
1469
1470	/* init atoms */
1471	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1472	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1473	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1474	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1475	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1476	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1477
1478	/* init cursors */
1479	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1480	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1481	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1482
1483	/* init appearance */
1484	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1485	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1486	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1487	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1488	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1489	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1490	initfont(FONT);
1491	dc.h = bh;
1492	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1493	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1494	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1495	if(!dc.font.set)
1496		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1497
1498	/* init tags */
1499	seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1500	prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1501	seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1502
1503	/* init layouts */
1504	lt = &layouts[0];
1505
1506	/* init bar */
1507	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1508		i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1509		if(i > blw)
1510			blw = i;
1511	}
1512
1513	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1514	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1515	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1516
1517	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, bx, by, bw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1518				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1519				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1520	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1521	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1522	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1523	drawbar();
1524
1525	/* EWMH support per view */
1526	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1527			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1528
1529	/* select for events */
1530	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1531			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1532	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1533	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1534
1535
1536	/* grab keys */
1537	grabkeys();
1538}
1539
1540void
1541spawn(const char *arg) {
1542	static char *shell = NULL;
1543
1544	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1545		shell = "/bin/sh";
1546	if(!arg)
1547		return;
1548	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1549	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1550	if(fork() == 0) {
1551		if(fork() == 0) {
1552			if(dpy)
1553				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1554			setsid();
1555			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1556			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1557			perror(" failed");
1558		}
1559		exit(0);
1560	}
1561	wait(0);
1562}
1563
1564void
1565tag(const char *arg) {
1566	unsigned int i;
1567
1568	if(!sel)
1569		return;
1570	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1571		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1572	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1573	arrange();
1574}
1575
1576unsigned int
1577textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1578	XRectangle r;
1579
1580	if(dc.font.set) {
1581		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1582		return r.width;
1583	}
1584	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1585}
1586
1587unsigned int
1588textw(const char *text) {
1589	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1590}
1591
1592void
1593tileh(void) {
1594	int x, w;
1595	unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1596	Client *c;
1597
1598	if(n == 0)
1599		return;
1600	c = tilemaster(n);
1601	if(--n == 0)
1602		return;
1603
1604	x = tx;
1605	w = tw / n;
1606	if(w < bh)
1607		w = tw;
1608
1609	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1610		if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1611			tileresize(c, x, ty, (tx + tw) - x - 2 * c->border, th - 2 * c->border);
1612		else
1613			tileresize(c, x, ty, w - 2 * c->border, th - 2 * c->border);
1614		if(w != tw)
1615			x = c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border;
1616	}
1617}
1618
1619Client *
1620tilemaster(unsigned int n) {
1621	Client *c = nexttiled(clients);
1622
1623	if(n == 1)
1624		tileresize(c, mox, moy, mow - 2 * c->border, moh - 2 * c->border);
1625	else
1626		tileresize(c, mx, my, mw - 2 * c->border, mh - 2 * c->border);
1627	return c;
1628}
1629
1630void
1631tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1632	resize(c, x, y, w, h, RESIZEHINTS);
1633	if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > h) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > w)))
1634		/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1635		resize(c, x, y, w, h, False);
1636}
1637
1638void
1639tilev(void) {
1640	int y, h;
1641	unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1642	Client *c;
1643
1644	if(n == 0)
1645		return;
1646	c = tilemaster(n);
1647	if(--n == 0)
1648		return;
1649
1650	y = ty;
1651	h = th / n;
1652	if(h < bh)
1653		h = th;
1654
1655	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1656		if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1657			tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->border, (ty + th) - y - 2 * c->border);
1658		else
1659			tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->border, h - 2 * c->border);
1660		if(h != th)
1661			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1662	}
1663}
1664
1665void
1666togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1667	if(!sel)
1668		return;
1669	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1670	if(sel->isfloating)
1671		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1672	arrange();
1673}
1674
1675void
1676toggletag(const char *arg) {
1677	unsigned int i, j;
1678
1679	if(!sel)
1680		return;
1681	i = idxoftag(arg);
1682	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1683	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1684	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1685		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1686	arrange();
1687}
1688
1689void
1690toggleview(const char *arg) {
1691	unsigned int i, j;
1692
1693	i = idxoftag(arg);
1694	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1695	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1696	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1697		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1698	arrange();
1699}
1700
1701void
1702unban(Client *c) {
1703	if(!c->isbanned)
1704		return;
1705	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1706	c->isbanned = False;
1707}
1708
1709void
1710unmanage(Client *c) {
1711	XWindowChanges wc;
1712
1713	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1714	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1715	XGrabServer(dpy);
1716	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1717	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1718	detach(c);
1719	detachstack(c);
1720	if(sel == c)
1721		focus(NULL);
1722	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1723	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1724	free(c->tags);
1725	free(c);
1726	XSync(dpy, False);
1727	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1728	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1729	arrange();
1730}
1731
1732void
1733unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1734	Client *c;
1735	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1736
1737	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1738		unmanage(c);
1739}
1740
1741void
1742updatebarpos(void) {
1743
1744	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1745		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1746	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, bw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1747	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, bx, by, bw, bh);
1748}
1749
1750void
1751updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1752	long msize;
1753	XSizeHints size;
1754
1755	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1756		size.flags = PSize;
1757	c->flags = size.flags;
1758	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1759		c->basew = size.base_width;
1760		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1761	}
1762	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1763		c->basew = size.min_width;
1764		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1765	}
1766	else
1767		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1768	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1769		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1770		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1771	}
1772	else
1773		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1774	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1775		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1776		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1777	}
1778	else
1779		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1780	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1781		c->minw = size.min_width;
1782		c->minh = size.min_height;
1783	}
1784	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1785		c->minw = size.base_width;
1786		c->minh = size.base_height;
1787	}
1788	else
1789		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1790	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1791		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1792		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1793		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1794		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1795	}
1796	else
1797		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1798	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1799			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1800}
1801
1802void
1803updatetitle(Client *c) {
1804	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1805		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1806}
1807
1808void
1809updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1810	XWMHints *wmh;
1811
1812	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1813		if(c == sel)
1814			sel->isurgent = False;
1815		else
1816			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1817		XFree(wmh);
1818	}
1819}
1820
1821
1822void
1823view(const char *arg) {
1824	unsigned int i;
1825
1826	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1827		tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1828	tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1829
1830	if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1831		memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1832		memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1833		arrange();
1834	}
1835}
1836
1837void
1838viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1839
1840	memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1841	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1842	memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1843	arrange();
1844}
1845
1846/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1847 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1848 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1849int
1850xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1851	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1852	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1853	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1854	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1855	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1856	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1857	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1858	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1859		return 0;
1860	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1861		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1862	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1863}
1864
1865int
1866xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1867	return 0;
1868}
1869
1870/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1871 * is already running. */
1872int
1873xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1874	otherwm = True;
1875	return -1;
1876}
1877
1878void
1879zoom(const char *arg) {
1880	Client *c = sel;
1881
1882	if(!sel || lt->isfloating || sel->isfloating)
1883		return;
1884	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1885		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1886			return;
1887	detach(c);
1888	attach(c);
1889	focus(c);
1890	arrange();
1891}
1892
1893int
1894main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1895	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1896		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1897	else if(argc != 1)
1898		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1899
1900	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1901	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1902		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1903
1904	checkotherwm();
1905	setup();
1906	scan();
1907	run();
1908	cleanup();
1909
1910	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1911	return 0;
1912}