1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42#ifdef XINERAMA
  43#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44#endif
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  48#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  49#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  50#define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  51#define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52#define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  53#define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  54#define MAXTAGLEN               16
  55#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  56#define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  57#define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  58
  59/* enums */
  60enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  61enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  62enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  63enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  64enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  65       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  66
  67typedef union {
  68	int i;
  69	unsigned int ui;
  70	float f;
  71	void *v;
  72} Arg;
  73
  74typedef struct {
  75	unsigned int click;
  76	unsigned int mask;
  77	unsigned int button;
  78	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  79	const Arg arg;
  80} Button;
  81
  82typedef struct Client Client;
  83struct Client {
  84	char name[256];
  85	float mina, maxa;
  86	int x, y, w, h;
  87	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  88	int bw, oldbw;
  89	unsigned int tags;
  90	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  91	Client *next;
  92	Client *snext;
  93	Window win;
  94};
  95
  96typedef struct {
  97	int x, y, w, h;
  98	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  99	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 100	Drawable drawable;
 101	GC gc;
 102	struct {
 103		int ascent;
 104		int descent;
 105		int height;
 106		XFontSet set;
 107		XFontStruct *xfont;
 108	} font;
 109} DC; /* draw context */
 110
 111typedef struct {
 112	unsigned int mod;
 113	KeySym keysym;
 114	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 115	const Arg arg;
 116} Key;
 117
 118typedef struct {
 119	const char *symbol;
 120	void (*arrange)(void);
 121} Layout;
 122
 123typedef struct {
 124	const char *class;
 125	const char *instance;
 126	const char *title;
 127	unsigned int tags;
 128	Bool isfloating;
 129} Rule;
 130
 131/* function declarations */
 132static void applyrules(Client *c);
 133static void arrange(void);
 134static void attach(Client *c);
 135static void attachstack(Client *c);
 136static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 137static void checkotherwm(void);
 138static void cleanup(void);
 139static void clearurgent(void);
 140static void configure(Client *c);
 141static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 142static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 143static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 144static void detach(Client *c);
 145static void detachstack(Client *c);
 146static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 147static void drawbar(void);
 148static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 149static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 150static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 151static void expose(XEvent *e);
 152static void focus(Client *c);
 153static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 154static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 155static Client *getclient(Window w);
 156static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 157static long getstate(Window w);
 158static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 159static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 160static void grabkeys(void);
 161static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 162static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 163static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 164static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 165static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 166static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 167static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 168static void monocle(void);
 169static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 170static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 171static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 172static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 173static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 174static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 175static void restack(void);
 176static void run(void);
 177static void scan(void);
 178static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 179static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 180static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 181static void setup(void);
 182static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 183static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 184static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 185static void tile(void);
 186static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 187static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 188static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 189static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 190static void unmanage(Client *c);
 191static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 192static void updatebar(void);
 193static void updategeom(void);
 194static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 195static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 196static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 197static void view(const Arg *arg);
 198static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 199static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 200static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 201static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 202
 203/* variables */
 204static char stext[256];
 205static int screen;
 206static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* display geometry x, y, width, height */ 
 207static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 208static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 209static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 210static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 211static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 212static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 213	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 214	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 215	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 216	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 217	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 218	[Expose] = expose,
 219	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 220	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 221	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 222	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 223	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 224	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 225};
 226static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 227static Bool otherwm;
 228static Bool running = True;
 229static unsigned int tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 230static Client *clients = NULL;
 231static Client *sel = NULL;
 232static Client *stack = NULL;
 233static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 234static Display *dpy;
 235static DC dc = {0};
 236static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 237static Window root, barwin;
 238/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 239#include "config.h"
 240
 241/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 242struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 243
 244/* function implementations */
 245void
 246applyrules(Client *c) {
 247	unsigned int i;
 248	Rule *r;
 249	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 250
 251	/* rule matching */
 252	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 253	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 254		r = &rules[i];
 255		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 256		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 257		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 258			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 259			c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 260		}
 261	}
 262	if(ch.res_class)
 263		XFree(ch.res_class);
 264	if(ch.res_name)
 265		XFree(ch.res_name);
 266	if(!c->tags)
 267		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 268}
 269
 270void
 271arrange(void) {
 272	Client *c;
 273
 274	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 275		if(ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 276			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 277			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 278				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 279		}
 280		else {
 281			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 282		}
 283
 284	focus(NULL);
 285	if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 286		lt[sellt]->arrange();
 287	restack();
 288}
 289
 290void
 291attach(Client *c) {
 292	c->next = clients;
 293	clients = c;
 294}
 295
 296void
 297attachstack(Client *c) {
 298	c->snext = stack;
 299	stack = c;
 300}
 301
 302void
 303buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 304	unsigned int i, x, click;
 305	Arg arg = {0};
 306	Client *c;
 307	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 308
 309	click = ClkRootWin;
 310	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 311		i = x = 0;
 312		do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 313		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 314			click = ClkTagBar;
 315			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 316		}
 317		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 318			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 319		else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 320			click = ClkStatusText;
 321		else
 322			click = ClkWinTitle;
 323	}
 324	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 325		focus(c);
 326		click = ClkClientWin;
 327	}
 328
 329	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 330		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 331		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 332			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 333}
 334
 335void
 336checkotherwm(void) {
 337	otherwm = False;
 338	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 339
 340	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 341	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 342	XSync(dpy, False);
 343	if(otherwm)
 344		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 345	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 346	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 347	XSync(dpy, False);
 348}
 349
 350void
 351cleanup(void) {
 352	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 353	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 354
 355	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 356	view(&a);
 357	lt[sellt] = &foo;
 358	while(stack)
 359		unmanage(stack);
 360	if(dc.font.set)
 361		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 362	else
 363		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 364	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 365	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 366	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 367	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 368	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 369	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 370	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 371	XSync(dpy, False);
 372	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 373}
 374
 375void
 376clearurgent(void) {
 377	XWMHints *wmh;
 378	Client *c;
 379
 380	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 381		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && c->isurgent) {
 382			c->isurgent = False;
 383			if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 384				continue;
 385
 386			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 387			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 388			XFree(wmh);
 389		}
 390}
 391
 392void
 393configure(Client *c) {
 394	XConfigureEvent ce;
 395
 396	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 397	ce.display = dpy;
 398	ce.event = c->win;
 399	ce.window = c->win;
 400	ce.x = c->x;
 401	ce.y = c->y;
 402	ce.width = c->w;
 403	ce.height = c->h;
 404	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 405	ce.above = None;
 406	ce.override_redirect = False;
 407	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 408}
 409
 410void
 411configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 412	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 413
 414	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 415		sw = ev->width;
 416		sh = ev->height;
 417		updategeom();
 418		updatebar();
 419		arrange();
 420	}
 421}
 422
 423void
 424configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 425	Client *c;
 426	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 427	XWindowChanges wc;
 428
 429	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 430		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 431			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 432		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 433			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 434				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 435			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 436				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 437			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 438				c->w = ev->width;
 439			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 440				c->h = ev->height;
 441			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 442				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 443			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 444				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 445			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 446				configure(c);
 447			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 448				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 449		}
 450		else
 451			configure(c);
 452	}
 453	else {
 454		wc.x = ev->x;
 455		wc.y = ev->y;
 456		wc.width = ev->width;
 457		wc.height = ev->height;
 458		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 459		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 460		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 461		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 462	}
 463	XSync(dpy, False);
 464}
 465
 466void
 467destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 468	Client *c;
 469	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 470
 471	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 472		unmanage(c);
 473}
 474
 475void
 476detach(Client *c) {
 477	Client **tc;
 478
 479	for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 480	*tc = c->next;
 481}
 482
 483void
 484detachstack(Client *c) {
 485	Client **tc;
 486
 487	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 488	*tc = c->snext;
 489}
 490
 491void
 492die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 493	va_list ap;
 494
 495	va_start(ap, errstr);
 496	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 497	va_end(ap);
 498	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 499}
 500
 501void
 502drawbar(void) {
 503	int x;
 504	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 505	unsigned long *col;
 506	Client *c;
 507
 508	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 509		occ |= c->tags;
 510		if(c->isurgent)
 511			urg |= c->tags;
 512	}
 513
 514	dc.x = 0;
 515	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 516		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 517		col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 518		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 519		drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 520		dc.x += dc.w;
 521	}
 522	if(blw > 0) {
 523		dc.w = blw;
 524		drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 525		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 526	}
 527	else
 528		x = dc.x;
 529	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 530	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 531	if(dc.x < x) {
 532		dc.x = x;
 533		dc.w = ww - x;
 534	}
 535	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 536	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 537		dc.x = x;
 538		if(sel) {
 539			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 540			drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 541		}
 542		else
 543			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 544	}
 545	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 546	XSync(dpy, False);
 547}
 548
 549void
 550drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 551	int x;
 552	XGCValues gcv;
 553	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 554
 555	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 556	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 557	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 558	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 559	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 560	if(filled) {
 561		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 562		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 563	}
 564	else if(empty) {
 565		r.width = r.height = x;
 566		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 567	}
 568}
 569
 570void
 571drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 572	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 573	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 574	char buf[256];
 575
 576	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 577	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 578	if(!text)
 579		return;
 580	olen = strlen(text);
 581	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 582	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 583	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 584	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 585	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 586	/* shorten text if necessary */
 587	for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 588	if(!len)
 589		return;
 590	if(len < olen)
 591		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 592	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 593	if(dc.font.set)
 594		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 595	else
 596		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 597}
 598
 599void
 600enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 601	Client *c;
 602	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 603
 604	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 605		return;
 606	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 607		focus(c);
 608	else
 609		focus(NULL);
 610}
 611
 612void
 613expose(XEvent *e) {
 614	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 615
 616	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 617		drawbar();
 618}
 619
 620void
 621focus(Client *c) {
 622	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 623		for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 624	if(sel && sel != c) {
 625		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 626		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 627	}
 628	if(c) {
 629		detachstack(c);
 630		attachstack(c);
 631		grabbuttons(c, True);
 632		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 633		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 634	}
 635	else
 636		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 637	sel = c;
 638	drawbar();
 639}
 640
 641void
 642focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 643	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 644
 645	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 646		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 647}
 648
 649void
 650focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 651	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 652
 653	if(!sel)
 654		return;
 655	if (arg->i > 0) {
 656		for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 657		if(!c)
 658			for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 659	}
 660	else {
 661		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 662			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 663				c = i;
 664		if(!c)
 665			for(; i; i = i->next)
 666				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 667					c = i;
 668	}
 669	if(c) {
 670		focus(c);
 671		restack();
 672	}
 673}
 674
 675Client *
 676getclient(Window w) {
 677	Client *c;
 678
 679	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 680	return c;
 681}
 682
 683unsigned long
 684getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 685	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 686	XColor color;
 687
 688	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 689		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 690	return color.pixel;
 691}
 692
 693long
 694getstate(Window w) {
 695	int format, status;
 696	long result = -1;
 697	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 698	unsigned long n, extra;
 699	Atom real;
 700
 701	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 702			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 703	if(status != Success)
 704		return -1;
 705	if(n != 0)
 706		result = *p;
 707	XFree(p);
 708	return result;
 709}
 710
 711Bool
 712gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 713	char **list = NULL;
 714	int n;
 715	XTextProperty name;
 716
 717	if(!text || size == 0)
 718		return False;
 719	text[0] = '\0';
 720	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 721	if(!name.nitems)
 722		return False;
 723	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 724		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 725	else {
 726		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 727		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 728			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 729			XFreeStringList(list);
 730		}
 731	}
 732	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 733	XFree(name.value);
 734	return True;
 735}
 736
 737void
 738grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 739	unsigned int i, j;
 740	unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 741
 742	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 743	if(focused) {
 744		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 745			if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 746				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 747					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 748	} else
 749		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 750		            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 751}
 752
 753void
 754grabkeys(void) {
 755	unsigned int i, j;
 756	unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 757	KeyCode code;
 758	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 759
 760	/* init modifier map */
 761	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 762	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 763		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 764			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 765				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 766		}
 767	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 768
 769	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 770	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 771		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 772		for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 773			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root, True,
 774			         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 775	}
 776}
 777
 778void
 779initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 780	char *def, **missing;
 781	int i, n;
 782
 783	missing = NULL;
 784	if(dc.font.set)
 785		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 786	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 787	if(missing) {
 788		while(n--)
 789			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 790		XFreeStringList(missing);
 791	}
 792	if(dc.font.set) {
 793		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 794		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 795		char **font_names;
 796		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 797		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 798		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 799		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 800			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 801			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 802			xfonts++;
 803		}
 804	}
 805	else {
 806		if(dc.font.xfont)
 807			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 808		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 809		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 810		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 811			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 812		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 813		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 814	}
 815	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 816}
 817
 818Bool
 819isprotodel(Client *c) {
 820	int i, n;
 821	Atom *protocols;
 822	Bool ret = False;
 823
 824	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 825		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 826			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 827				ret = True;
 828		XFree(protocols);
 829	}
 830	return ret;
 831}
 832
 833void
 834keypress(XEvent *e) {
 835	unsigned int i;
 836	KeySym keysym;
 837	XKeyEvent *ev;
 838
 839	ev = &e->xkey;
 840	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 841	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 842		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 843		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 844		   && keys[i].func)
 845			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 846}
 847
 848void
 849killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 850	XEvent ev;
 851
 852	if(!sel)
 853		return;
 854	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 855		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 856		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 857		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 858		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 859		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 860		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 861		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 862	}
 863	else
 864		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 865}
 866
 867void
 868manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 869	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 870	Window trans = 0;
 871	XWindowChanges wc;
 872
 873	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 874		die("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 875	c->win = w;
 876
 877	/* geometry */
 878	c->x = wa->x;
 879	c->y = wa->y;
 880	c->w = wa->width;
 881	c->h = wa->height;
 882	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 883	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 884		c->x = sx;
 885		c->y = sy;
 886		c->bw = 0;
 887	}
 888	else {
 889		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 890			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 891		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 892			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 893		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 894		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 895		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 896		c->bw = borderpx;
 897	}
 898
 899	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 900	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 901	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 902	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 903	updatesizehints(c);
 904	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 905	grabbuttons(c, False);
 906	updatetitle(c);
 907	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 908		t = getclient(trans);
 909	if(t)
 910		c->tags = t->tags;
 911	else
 912		applyrules(c);
 913	if(!c->isfloating)
 914		c->isfloating = trans || c->isfixed;
 915	if(c->isfloating)
 916		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 917	attach(c);
 918	attachstack(c);
 919	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 920	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 921	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 922	arrange();
 923}
 924
 925void
 926mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 927	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 928
 929	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 930	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 931		grabkeys();
 932}
 933
 934void
 935maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 936	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 937	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 938
 939	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 940		return;
 941	if(wa.override_redirect)
 942		return;
 943	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 944		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 945}
 946
 947void
 948monocle(void) {
 949	Client *c;
 950
 951	for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 952		resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 953}
 954
 955void
 956movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 957	int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 958	unsigned int dui;
 959	Client *c;
 960	Window dummy;
 961	XEvent ev;
 962
 963	if(!(c = sel))
 964		return;
 965	restack();
 966	ocx = nx = c->x;
 967	ocy = ny = c->y;
 968	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 969	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 970		return;
 971	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 972	for(;;) {
 973		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 974		switch (ev.type) {
 975		case ButtonRelease:
 976			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 977			return;
 978		case ConfigureRequest:
 979		case Expose:
 980		case MapRequest:
 981			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 982			break;
 983		case MotionNotify:
 984			XSync(dpy, False);
 985			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 986			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 987			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 988			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 989				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 990					nx = wx;
 991				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 992					nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 993				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 994					ny = wy;
 995				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 996					ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 997				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 998					togglefloating(NULL);
 999			}
1000			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1001				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1002			break;
1003		}
1004	}
1005}
1006
1007Client *
1008nexttiled(Client *c) {
1009	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1010	return c;
1011}
1012
1013void
1014propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1015	Client *c;
1016	Window trans;
1017	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1018
1019	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1020		return; /* ignore */
1021	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1022		switch (ev->atom) {
1023		default: break;
1024		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1025			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1026			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1027				arrange();
1028			break;
1029		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1030			updatesizehints(c);
1031			break;
1032		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1033			updatewmhints(c);
1034			drawbar();
1035			break;
1036		}
1037		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1038			updatetitle(c);
1039			if(c == sel)
1040				drawbar();
1041		}
1042	}
1043}
1044
1045void
1046quit(const Arg *arg) {
1047	readin = running = False;
1048}
1049
1050void
1051resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1052	XWindowChanges wc;
1053
1054	if(sizehints) {
1055		/* set minimum possible */
1056		w = MAX(1, w);
1057		h = MAX(1, h);
1058
1059		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1060		w -= c->basew;
1061		h -= c->baseh;
1062
1063		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1064		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1065			if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1066				w = h * c->maxa;
1067			else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1068				h = w * c->mina;
1069		}
1070
1071		/* adjust for increment value */
1072		if(c->incw)
1073			w -= w % c->incw;
1074		if(c->inch)
1075			h -= h % c->inch;
1076
1077		/* restore base dimensions */
1078		w += c->basew;
1079		h += c->baseh;
1080
1081		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1082		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1083
1084		if(c->maxw)
1085			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1086
1087		if(c->maxh)
1088			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1089	}
1090	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1091		return;
1092	if(x > sx + sw)
1093		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1094	if(y > sy + sh)
1095		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1096	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1097		x = sx;
1098	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1099		y = sy;
1100	if(h < bh)
1101		h = bh;
1102	if(w < bh)
1103		w = bh;
1104	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1105		c->x = wc.x = x;
1106		c->y = wc.y = y;
1107		c->w = wc.width = w;
1108		c->h = wc.height = h;
1109		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1110		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1111				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1112		configure(c);
1113		XSync(dpy, False);
1114	}
1115}
1116
1117void
1118resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1119	int ocx, ocy;
1120	int nw, nh;
1121	Client *c;
1122	XEvent ev;
1123
1124	if(!(c = sel))
1125		return;
1126	restack();
1127	ocx = c->x;
1128	ocy = c->y;
1129	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1130	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1131		return;
1132	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1133	for(;;) {
1134		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1135		switch(ev.type) {
1136		case ButtonRelease:
1137			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1138					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1139			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1140			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1141			return;
1142		case ConfigureRequest:
1143		case Expose:
1144		case MapRequest:
1145			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1146			break;
1147		case MotionNotify:
1148			XSync(dpy, False);
1149			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1150			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1151
1152			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1153			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1154				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1155				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1156					togglefloating(NULL);
1157			}
1158			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1159				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1160			break;
1161		}
1162	}
1163}
1164
1165void
1166restack(void) {
1167	Client *c;
1168	XEvent ev;
1169	XWindowChanges wc;
1170
1171	drawbar();
1172	if(!sel)
1173		return;
1174	if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1175		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1176	if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1177		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1178		wc.sibling = barwin;
1179		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1180			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1181				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1182				wc.sibling = c->win;
1183			}
1184	}
1185	XSync(dpy, False);
1186	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1187}
1188
1189void
1190run(void) {
1191	char *p;
1192	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1193	fd_set rd;
1194	int r, xfd;
1195	unsigned int len, offset;
1196	XEvent ev;
1197
1198	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1199	XSync(dpy, False);
1200	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1201	offset = 0;
1202	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1203	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1204	while(running) {
1205		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1206		if(readin)
1207			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1208		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1209		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1210			if(errno == EINTR)
1211				continue;
1212			die("select failed\n");
1213		}
1214		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1215			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1216			case -1:
1217				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1218				readin = False;
1219				break;
1220			case 0:
1221				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1222				readin = False;
1223				break;
1224			default:
1225				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1226					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1227						*p = '\0';
1228						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1229						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1230						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1231						offset = r;
1232						if(r)
1233							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1234						break;
1235					}
1236				break;
1237			}
1238			drawbar();
1239		}
1240		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1241			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1242			if(handler[ev.type])
1243				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1244		}
1245	}
1246}
1247
1248void
1249scan(void) {
1250	unsigned int i, num;
1251	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1252	XWindowAttributes wa;
1253
1254	wins = NULL;
1255	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1256		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1257			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1258			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1259				continue;
1260			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1261				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1262		}
1263		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1264			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1265				continue;
1266			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1267			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1268				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1269		}
1270	}
1271	if(wins)
1272		XFree(wins);
1273}
1274
1275void
1276setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1277	long data[] = {state, None};
1278
1279	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1280			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1281}
1282
1283void
1284setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1285	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1286		sellt ^= 1;
1287	if(arg && arg->v)
1288		lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1289	if(sel)
1290		arrange();
1291	else
1292		drawbar();
1293}
1294
1295/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1296void
1297setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1298	float f;
1299
1300	if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1301		return;
1302	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1303	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1304		return;
1305	mfact = f;
1306	arrange();
1307}
1308
1309void
1310setup(void) {
1311	unsigned int i;
1312	int w;
1313	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1314
1315	/* init screen */
1316	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1317	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1318	initfont(font);
1319	sx = 0;
1320	sy = 0;
1321	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1322	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1323	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1324	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1325	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1326	updategeom();
1327
1328	/* init atoms */
1329	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1330	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1331	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1332	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1333	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1334	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1335
1336	/* init cursors */
1337	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1338	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1339	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1340
1341	/* init appearance */
1342	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1343	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1344	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1345	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1346	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1347	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1348	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1349	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1350	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1351	if(!dc.font.set)
1352		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1353
1354	/* init bar */
1355	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1356		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1357		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1358	}
1359
1360	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1361	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1362	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1363
1364	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1365			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1366			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1367	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1368	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1369	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1370	drawbar();
1371
1372	/* EWMH support per view */
1373	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1374			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1375
1376	/* select for events */
1377	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1378			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1379	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1380	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1381
1382
1383	/* grab keys */
1384	grabkeys();
1385}
1386
1387void
1388spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1389	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1390	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1391	if(fork() == 0) {
1392		if(fork() == 0) {
1393			if(dpy)
1394				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1395			setsid();
1396			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1397			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1398			perror(" failed");
1399		}
1400		exit(0);
1401	}
1402	wait(0);
1403}
1404
1405void
1406tag(const Arg *arg) {
1407	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1408		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1409		arrange();
1410	}
1411}
1412
1413int
1414textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1415	XRectangle r;
1416
1417	if(dc.font.set) {
1418		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1419		return r.width;
1420	}
1421	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1422}
1423
1424void
1425tile(void) {
1426	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1427	unsigned int i, n;
1428	Client *c;
1429
1430	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1431	if(n == 0)
1432		return;
1433
1434	/* master */
1435	c = nexttiled(clients);
1436	mw = mfact * ww;
1437	resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1438
1439	if(--n == 0)
1440		return;
1441
1442	/* tile stack */
1443	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1444	y = wy;
1445	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1446	h = wh / n;
1447	if(h < bh)
1448		h = wh;
1449
1450	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1451		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1452		       ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1453		if(h != wh)
1454			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1455	}
1456}
1457
1458void
1459togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1460	showbar = !showbar;
1461	updategeom();
1462	updatebar();
1463	arrange();
1464}
1465
1466void
1467togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1468	if(!sel)
1469		return;
1470	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1471	if(sel->isfloating)
1472		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1473	arrange();
1474}
1475
1476void
1477toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1478	unsigned int mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1479
1480	if(sel && mask) {
1481		sel->tags = mask;
1482		arrange();
1483	}
1484}
1485
1486void
1487toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1488	unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1489
1490	if(mask) {
1491		tagset[seltags] = mask;
1492		clearurgent();
1493		arrange();
1494	}
1495}
1496
1497void
1498unmanage(Client *c) {
1499	XWindowChanges wc;
1500
1501	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1502	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1503	XGrabServer(dpy);
1504	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1505	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1506	detach(c);
1507	detachstack(c);
1508	if(sel == c)
1509		focus(NULL);
1510	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1511	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1512	free(c);
1513	XSync(dpy, False);
1514	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1515	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1516	arrange();
1517}
1518
1519void
1520unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1521	Client *c;
1522	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1523
1524	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1525		unmanage(c);
1526}
1527
1528void
1529updatebar(void) {
1530	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1531		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1532	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1533	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1534}
1535
1536void
1537updategeom(void) {
1538#ifdef XINERAMA
1539	int n, i = 0;
1540	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1541
1542	/* window area geometry */
1543	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) { 
1544		if(n > 1) {
1545			int di, x, y;
1546			unsigned int dui;
1547			Window dummy;
1548			if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1549				for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1550					if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1551						break;
1552		}
1553		wx = info[i].x_org;
1554		wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1555		ww = info[i].width;
1556		wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1557		XFree(info);
1558	}
1559	else
1560#endif
1561	{
1562		wx = sx;
1563		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1564		ww = sw;
1565		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1566	}
1567
1568	/* bar position */
1569	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1570}
1571
1572void
1573updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1574	long msize;
1575	XSizeHints size;
1576
1577	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1578	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1579		c->basew = size.base_width;
1580		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1581	}
1582	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1583		c->basew = size.min_width;
1584		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1585	}
1586	else
1587		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1588	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1589		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1590		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1591	}
1592	else
1593		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1594	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1595		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1596		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1597	}
1598	else
1599		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1600	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1601		c->minw = size.min_width;
1602		c->minh = size.min_height;
1603	}
1604	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1605		c->minw = size.base_width;
1606		c->minh = size.base_height;
1607	}
1608	else
1609		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1610	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1611		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1612		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1613	}
1614	else
1615		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1616	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1617			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1618}
1619
1620void
1621updatetitle(Client *c) {
1622	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1623		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1624}
1625
1626void
1627updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1628	XWMHints *wmh;
1629
1630	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1631		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1632			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1633			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1634		}
1635		else
1636			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1637
1638		XFree(wmh);
1639	}
1640}
1641
1642void
1643view(const Arg *arg) {
1644	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1645		return;
1646	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1647	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1648		tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1649	clearurgent();
1650	arrange();
1651}
1652
1653/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1654 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1655 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1656int
1657xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1658	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1659	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1660	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1663	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1664	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1666	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1667		return 0;
1668	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1669			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1670	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1671}
1672
1673int
1674xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1675	return 0;
1676}
1677
1678/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1679 * is already running. */
1680int
1681xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1682	otherwm = True;
1683	return -1;
1684}
1685
1686void
1687zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1688	Client *c = sel;
1689
1690	if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1691		return;
1692	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1693		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1694			return;
1695	detach(c);
1696	attach(c);
1697	focus(c);
1698	arrange();
1699}
1700
1701int
1702main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1703	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1704		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1705	else if(argc != 1)
1706		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1707
1708	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1709		fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1710
1711	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1712		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1713
1714	checkotherwm();
1715	setup();
1716	scan();
1717	run();
1718	cleanup();
1719
1720	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1721	return 0;
1722}