1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42#ifdef XINERAMA
  43#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44#endif
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define MAX(a, b)       ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  48#define MIN(a, b)       ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  49#define BUTTONMASK      (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  50#define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  51#define LENGTH(x)       (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52#define MAXTAGLEN       16
  53#define MOUSEMASK       (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  54#define TAGMASK         ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55#define TEXTW(x)        (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  62enum { ClkLtSymbol = 64, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65/* typedefs */
  66typedef unsigned int uint;
  67typedef unsigned long ulong;
  68
  69typedef union {
  70	int i;
  71	uint ui;
  72	float f;
  73	void *v;
  74} Arg;
  75
  76typedef struct {
  77	uint click;
  78	uint mask;
  79	uint button;
  80	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  81	const Arg arg;
  82} Button;
  83
  84typedef struct Client Client;
  85struct Client {
  86	char name[256];
  87	float mina, maxa;
  88	int x, y, w, h;
  89	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  90	int bw, oldbw;
  91	uint tags;
  92	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  93	Client *next;
  94	Client *snext;
  95	Window win;
  96};
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	int x, y, w, h;
 100	ulong norm[ColLast];
 101	ulong sel[ColLast];
 102	Drawable drawable;
 103	GC gc;
 104	struct {
 105		int ascent;
 106		int descent;
 107		int height;
 108		XFontSet set;
 109		XFontStruct *xfont;
 110	} font;
 111} DC; /* draw context */
 112
 113typedef struct {
 114	uint mod;
 115	KeySym keysym;
 116	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 117	const Arg arg;
 118} Key;
 119
 120typedef struct {
 121	const char *symbol;
 122	void (*arrange)(void);
 123} Layout;
 124
 125typedef struct {
 126	const char *class;
 127	const char *instance;
 128	const char *title;
 129	uint tags;
 130	Bool isfloating;
 131} Rule;
 132
 133/* function declarations */
 134static void applyrules(Client *c);
 135static void arrange(void);
 136static void attach(Client *c);
 137static void attachstack(Client *c);
 138static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 139static void checkotherwm(void);
 140static void cleanup(void);
 141static void configure(Client *c);
 142static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 143static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 144static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 145static void detach(Client *c);
 146static void detachstack(Client *c);
 147static void drawbar(void);
 148static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]);
 149static void drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 150static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 151static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 152static void expose(XEvent *e);
 153static void focus(Client *c);
 154static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 155static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 156static Client *getclient(Window w);
 157static ulong getcolor(const char *colstr);
 158static long getstate(Window w);
 159static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size);
 160static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 161static void grabkeys(void);
 162static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 163static Bool isoccupied(uint t);
 164static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 165static Bool isurgent(uint t);
 166static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 167static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 168static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 169static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 170static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 171static void monocle(void);
 172static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 173static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 174static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 175static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 176static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 177static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 178static void restack(void);
 179static void run(void);
 180static void scan(void);
 181static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 182static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 183static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 184static void setup(void);
 185static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 186static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 187static int textnw(const char *text, uint len);
 188static void tile(void);
 189static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 190static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 191static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 192static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 193static void unmanage(Client *c);
 194static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 195static void updatebar(void);
 196static void updategeom(void);
 197static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 198static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 199static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 200static void view(const Arg *arg);
 201static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 205
 206/* variables */
 207static char stext[256];
 208static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 209static int by, bh, blw, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 210static uint seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 211static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 212static uint numlockmask = 0;
 213static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 214	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 215	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 216	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 217	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 218	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 219	[Expose] = expose,
 220	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 221	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 222	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 223	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 224	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 225	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 226};
 227static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 228static Bool otherwm, readin;
 229static Bool running = True;
 230static uint tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 231static Client *clients = NULL;
 232static Client *sel = NULL;
 233static Client *stack = NULL;
 234static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 235static Display *dpy;
 236static DC dc = {0};
 237static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 238static Window root, barwin;
 239/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 240#include "config.h"
 241
 242/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an uint bit array. */
 243struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(uint) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 244
 245/* function implementations */
 246void
 247applyrules(Client *c) {
 248	uint i;
 249	Rule *r;
 250	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 251
 252	/* rule matching */
 253	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 254	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 255		r = &rules[i];
 256		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 257		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 258		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 259			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 260			c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 261		}
 262	}
 263	if(ch.res_class)
 264		XFree(ch.res_class);
 265	if(ch.res_name)
 266		XFree(ch.res_name);
 267	if(!c->tags)
 268		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 269}
 270
 271void
 272arrange(void) {
 273	Client *c;
 274
 275	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 276		if(c->tags & tagset[seltags]) { /* is visible */
 277			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 278				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 279			c->isbanned = False;
 280		}
 281		else if(!c->isbanned) {
 282			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 283			c->isbanned = True;
 284		}
 285
 286	focus(NULL);
 287	if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 288		lt[sellt]->arrange();
 289	restack();
 290}
 291
 292void
 293attach(Client *c) {
 294	c->next = clients;
 295	clients = c;
 296}
 297
 298void
 299attachstack(Client *c) {
 300	c->snext = stack;
 301	stack = c;
 302}
 303
 304void
 305buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306	uint i, x, click;
 307	Client *c;
 308	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310	click = ClkRootWin;
 311	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 312		i = x = 0;
 313		do
 314			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 315		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 316		if(i < LENGTH(tags))
 317			click = i;
 318		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 319			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 320		else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 321			click = ClkStatusText;
 322		else
 323			click = ClkWinTitle;
 324	}
 325	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 326		focus(c);
 327		click = ClkClientWin;
 328	}
 329
 330	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 331		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 332		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 333			buttons[i].func(&buttons[i].arg);
 334}
 335
 336void
 337checkotherwm(void) {
 338	otherwm = False;
 339	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 340
 341	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 342	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 343	XSync(dpy, False);
 344	if(otherwm)
 345		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 346	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 347	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 348	XSync(dpy, False);
 349}
 350
 351void
 352cleanup(void) {
 353	Arg a = {.i = ~0};
 354	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 355
 356	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 357	view(&a);
 358	lt[sellt] = &foo;
 359	while(stack)
 360		unmanage(stack);
 361	if(dc.font.set)
 362		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 363	else
 364		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 365	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 366	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 367	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 368	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 369	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 370	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 371	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 372	XSync(dpy, False);
 373	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 374}
 375
 376void
 377configure(Client *c) {
 378	XConfigureEvent ce;
 379
 380	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 381	ce.display = dpy;
 382	ce.event = c->win;
 383	ce.window = c->win;
 384	ce.x = c->x;
 385	ce.y = c->y;
 386	ce.width = c->w;
 387	ce.height = c->h;
 388	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 389	ce.above = None;
 390	ce.override_redirect = False;
 391	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 392}
 393
 394void
 395configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 396	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 397
 398	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 399		sw = ev->width;
 400		sh = ev->height;
 401		updategeom();
 402		updatebar();
 403		arrange();
 404	}
 405}
 406
 407void
 408configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 409	Client *c;
 410	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 411	XWindowChanges wc;
 412
 413	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 414		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 415			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 416		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 417			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 418				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 419			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 420				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 421			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 422				c->w = ev->width;
 423			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 424				c->h = ev->height;
 425			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 426				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 427			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 428				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 429			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 430				configure(c);
 431			if(!c->isbanned)
 432				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 433		}
 434		else
 435			configure(c);
 436	}
 437	else {
 438		wc.x = ev->x;
 439		wc.y = ev->y;
 440		wc.width = ev->width;
 441		wc.height = ev->height;
 442		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 443		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 444		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 445		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 446	}
 447	XSync(dpy, False);
 448}
 449
 450void
 451destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 452	Client *c;
 453	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 454
 455	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 456		unmanage(c);
 457}
 458
 459void
 460detach(Client *c) {
 461	Client *i;
 462
 463	if (c != clients) {
 464		for(i = clients; i->next != c; i = i->next);
 465		i->next = c->next;
 466	}
 467	else {
 468		clients = c->next;
 469	}
 470	c->next =  NULL;
 471}
 472
 473void
 474detachstack(Client *c) {
 475	Client **tc;
 476
 477	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 478	*tc = c->snext;
 479}
 480
 481void
 482drawbar(void) {
 483	int i, x;
 484	Client *c;
 485
 486	dc.x = 0;
 487	for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
 488	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 489		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 490		if(tagset[seltags] & 1 << i) {
 491			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 492			drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 493		}
 494		else {
 495			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 496			drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 497		}
 498		dc.x += dc.w;
 499	}
 500	if(blw > 0) {
 501		dc.w = blw;
 502		drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 503		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 504	}
 505	else
 506		x = dc.x;
 507	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 508	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 509	if(dc.x < x) {
 510		dc.x = x;
 511		dc.w = ww - x;
 512	}
 513	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 514	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 515		dc.x = x;
 516		if(c) {
 517			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 518			drawsquare(c->isfixed, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 519		}
 520		else
 521			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 522	}
 523	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 524	XSync(dpy, False);
 525}
 526
 527void
 528drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]) {
 529	int x;
 530	XGCValues gcv;
 531	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 532
 533	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 534	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 535	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 536	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 537	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 538	if(filled) {
 539		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 540		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 541	}
 542	else if(empty) {
 543		r.width = r.height = x;
 544		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 545	}
 546}
 547
 548void
 549drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 550	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 551	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 552	char buf[256];
 553
 554	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 555	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 556	if(!text)
 557		return;
 558	olen = strlen(text);
 559	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 560	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 561	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 562	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 563	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 564	/* shorten text if necessary */
 565	for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 566	if(!len)
 567		return;
 568	if(len < olen)
 569		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 570	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 571	if(dc.font.set)
 572		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 573	else
 574		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 575}
 576
 577void
 578enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 579	Client *c;
 580	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 581
 582	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 583		return;
 584	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 585		focus(c);
 586	else
 587		focus(NULL);
 588}
 589
 590void
 591eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 592	va_list ap;
 593
 594	va_start(ap, errstr);
 595	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 596	va_end(ap);
 597	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 598}
 599
 600void
 601expose(XEvent *e) {
 602	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 603
 604	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 605		drawbar();
 606}
 607
 608void
 609focus(Client *c) {
 610	if(!c || c->isbanned)
 611		for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
 612	if(sel && sel != c) {
 613		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 614		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 615	}
 616	if(c) {
 617		detachstack(c);
 618		attachstack(c);
 619		grabbuttons(c, True);
 620		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 621		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 622	}
 623	else
 624		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 625	sel = c;
 626	drawbar();
 627}
 628
 629void
 630focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 631	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 632
 633	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 634		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 635}
 636
 637void
 638focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 639	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 640
 641	if(!sel)
 642		return;
 643	if (arg->i > 0) {
 644		for(c = sel->next; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 645		if(!c)
 646			for(c = clients; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 647	}
 648	else {
 649		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 650			if (!i->isbanned)
 651				c = i;
 652		if(!c)
 653			for(; i; i = i->next)
 654				if (!i->isbanned)
 655					c = i;
 656	}
 657	if(c) {
 658		focus(c);
 659		restack();
 660	}
 661}
 662
 663Client *
 664getclient(Window w) {
 665	Client *c;
 666
 667	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 668	return c;
 669}
 670
 671ulong
 672getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 673	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 674	XColor color;
 675
 676	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 677		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 678	return color.pixel;
 679}
 680
 681long
 682getstate(Window w) {
 683	int format, status;
 684	long result = -1;
 685	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 686	ulong n, extra;
 687	Atom real;
 688
 689	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 690			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 691	if(status != Success)
 692		return -1;
 693	if(n != 0)
 694		result = *p;
 695	XFree(p);
 696	return result;
 697}
 698
 699Bool
 700gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size) {
 701	char **list = NULL;
 702	int n;
 703	XTextProperty name;
 704
 705	if(!text || size == 0)
 706		return False;
 707	text[0] = '\0';
 708	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 709	if(!name.nitems)
 710		return False;
 711	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 712		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 713	else {
 714		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 715		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 716			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 717			XFreeStringList(list);
 718		}
 719	}
 720	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 721	XFree(name.value);
 722	return True;
 723}
 724
 725void
 726grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 727	int i, j;
 728	uint buttons[]   = { Button1, Button2, Button3 };
 729	uint modifiers[] = { MODKEY, MODKEY|LockMask, MODKEY|numlockmask, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask };
 730
 731	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 732	if(focused)
 733		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 734			for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 735				XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i], modifiers[j], c->win, False,
 736					BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 737	else
 738		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 739			BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 740}
 741
 742void
 743grabkeys(void) {
 744	uint i, j;
 745	KeyCode code;
 746	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 747
 748	/* init modifier map */
 749	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 750	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 751		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 752			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 753				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 754		}
 755	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 756
 757	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 758	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 759		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 760		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 761				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 762		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 763				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 764		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 765				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 766		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 767				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 768	}
 769}
 770
 771void
 772initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 773	char *def, **missing;
 774	int i, n;
 775
 776	missing = NULL;
 777	if(dc.font.set)
 778		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 779	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 780	if(missing) {
 781		while(n--)
 782			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 783		XFreeStringList(missing);
 784	}
 785	if(dc.font.set) {
 786		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 787		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 788		char **font_names;
 789		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 790		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 791		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 792		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 793			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 794			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 795			xfonts++;
 796		}
 797	}
 798	else {
 799		if(dc.font.xfont)
 800			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 801		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 802		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 803		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 804			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 805		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 806		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 807	}
 808	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 809}
 810
 811Bool
 812isoccupied(uint t) {
 813	Client *c;
 814
 815	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 816		if(c->tags & 1 << t)
 817			return True;
 818	return False;
 819}
 820
 821Bool
 822isprotodel(Client *c) {
 823	int i, n;
 824	Atom *protocols;
 825	Bool ret = False;
 826
 827	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 828		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 829			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 830				ret = True;
 831		XFree(protocols);
 832	}
 833	return ret;
 834}
 835
 836Bool
 837isurgent(uint t) {
 838	Client *c;
 839
 840	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 841		if(c->isurgent && c->tags & 1 << t)
 842			return True;
 843	return False;
 844}
 845
 846void
 847keypress(XEvent *e) {
 848	uint i;
 849	KeySym keysym;
 850	XKeyEvent *ev;
 851
 852	ev = &e->xkey;
 853	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 854	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 855		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 856		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 857		   && keys[i].func)
 858			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 859}
 860
 861void
 862killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 863	XEvent ev;
 864
 865	if(!sel)
 866		return;
 867	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 868		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 869		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 870		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 871		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 872		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 873		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 874		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 875	}
 876	else
 877		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 878}
 879
 880void
 881manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 882	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 883	Status rettrans;
 884	Window trans;
 885	XWindowChanges wc;
 886
 887	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 888		eprint("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 889	c->win = w;
 890
 891	/* geometry */
 892	c->x = wa->x;
 893	c->y = wa->y;
 894	c->w = wa->width;
 895	c->h = wa->height;
 896	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 897	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 898		c->x = sx;
 899		c->y = sy;
 900		c->bw = wa->border_width;
 901	}
 902	else {
 903		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 904			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 905		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 906			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 907		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 908		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 909		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 910		c->bw = borderpx;
 911	}
 912
 913	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 914	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 915	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 916	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 917	updatesizehints(c);
 918	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 919	grabbuttons(c, False);
 920	updatetitle(c);
 921	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 922		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 923	if(t)
 924		c->tags = t->tags;
 925	else
 926		applyrules(c);
 927	if(!c->isfloating)
 928		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 929	if(c->isfloating)
 930		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 931	attach(c);
 932	attachstack(c);
 933	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 934	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 935	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 936	arrange();
 937}
 938
 939void
 940mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 941	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 942
 943	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 944	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 945		grabkeys();
 946}
 947
 948void
 949maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 950	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 951	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 952
 953	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 954		return;
 955	if(wa.override_redirect)
 956		return;
 957	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 958		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 959}
 960
 961void
 962monocle(void) {
 963	Client *c;
 964
 965	for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 966		resize(c, wx, wy, ww, wh, resizehints);
 967}
 968
 969void
 970movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 971	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 972	uint dui;
 973	Client *c;
 974	Window dummy;
 975	XEvent ev;
 976
 977	if(!(c = sel))
 978		return;
 979	restack();
 980	ocx = nx = c->x;
 981	ocy = ny = c->y;
 982	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 983	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 984		return;
 985	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 986	for(;;) {
 987		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 988		switch (ev.type) {
 989		case ButtonRelease:
 990			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 991			return;
 992		case ConfigureRequest:
 993		case Expose:
 994		case MapRequest:
 995			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 996			break;
 997		case MotionNotify:
 998			XSync(dpy, False);
 999			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1000			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1001			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1002			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1003				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1004					nx = wx;
1005				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1006					nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1007				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1008					ny = wy;
1009				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1010					ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1011				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1012					togglefloating(NULL);
1013			}
1014			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1015				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1016			break;
1017		}
1018	}
1019}
1020
1021Client *
1022nexttiled(Client *c) {
1023	for(; c && (c->isfloating || c->isbanned); c = c->next);
1024	return c;
1025}
1026
1027void
1028propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1029	Client *c;
1030	Window trans;
1031	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1032
1033	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1034		return; /* ignore */
1035	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1036		switch (ev->atom) {
1037		default: break;
1038		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1039			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1040			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1041				arrange();
1042			break;
1043		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1044			updatesizehints(c);
1045			break;
1046		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1047			updatewmhints(c);
1048			drawbar();
1049			break;
1050		}
1051		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1052			updatetitle(c);
1053			if(c == sel)
1054				drawbar();
1055		}
1056	}
1057}
1058
1059void
1060quit(const Arg *arg) {
1061	readin = running = False;
1062}
1063
1064void
1065resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1066	XWindowChanges wc;
1067
1068	if(sizehints) {
1069		/* set minimum possible */
1070		w = MAX(1, w);
1071		h = MAX(1, h);
1072
1073		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1074		w -= c->basew;
1075		h -= c->baseh;
1076
1077		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1078		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1079			if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1080				w = h * c->maxa;
1081			else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1082				h = w * c->mina;
1083		}
1084
1085		/* adjust for increment value */
1086		if(c->incw)
1087			w -= w % c->incw;
1088		if(c->inch)
1089			h -= h % c->inch;
1090
1091		/* restore base dimensions */
1092		w += c->basew;
1093		h += c->baseh;
1094
1095		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1096		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1097
1098		if(c->maxw)
1099			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1100
1101		if(c->maxh)
1102			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1103	}
1104	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1105		return;
1106	if(x > sx + sw)
1107		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1108	if(y > sy + sh)
1109		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1110	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1111		x = sx;
1112	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1113		y = sy;
1114	if(h < bh)
1115		h = bh;
1116	if(w < bh)
1117		w = bh;
1118	if(!c->isbanned || c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1119		c->x = wc.x = x;
1120		c->y = wc.y = y;
1121		c->w = wc.width = w;
1122		c->h = wc.height = h;
1123		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1124		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1125				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1126		configure(c);
1127		XSync(dpy, False);
1128	}
1129}
1130
1131void
1132resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1133	int ocx, ocy;
1134	int nw, nh;
1135	Client *c;
1136	XEvent ev;
1137
1138	if(!(c = sel))
1139		return;
1140	restack();
1141	ocx = c->x;
1142	ocy = c->y;
1143	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1144	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1145		return;
1146	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1147	for(;;) {
1148		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1149		switch(ev.type) {
1150		case ButtonRelease:
1151			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1152					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1153			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1154			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1155			return;
1156		case ConfigureRequest:
1157		case Expose:
1158		case MapRequest:
1159			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1160			break;
1161		case MotionNotify:
1162			XSync(dpy, False);
1163			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1164			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1165
1166			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1167			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1168				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1169				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1170					togglefloating(NULL);
1171			}
1172			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1173				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1174			break;
1175		}
1176	}
1177}
1178
1179void
1180restack(void) {
1181	Client *c;
1182	XEvent ev;
1183	XWindowChanges wc;
1184
1185	drawbar();
1186	if(!sel)
1187		return;
1188	if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1189		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1190	if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1191		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1192		wc.sibling = barwin;
1193		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1194			if(!c->isfloating && !c->isbanned) {
1195				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1196				wc.sibling = c->win;
1197			}
1198	}
1199	XSync(dpy, False);
1200	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1201}
1202
1203void
1204run(void) {
1205	char *p;
1206	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1207	fd_set rd;
1208	int r, xfd;
1209	uint len, offset;
1210	XEvent ev;
1211
1212	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1213	XSync(dpy, False);
1214	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1215	readin = True;
1216	offset = 0;
1217	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1218	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1219	while(running) {
1220		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1221		if(readin)
1222			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1223		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1224		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1225			if(errno == EINTR)
1226				continue;
1227			eprint("select failed\n");
1228		}
1229		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1230			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1231			case -1:
1232				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1233				readin = False;
1234				break;
1235			case 0:
1236				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1237				readin = False;
1238				break;
1239			default:
1240				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1241					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1242						*p = '\0';
1243						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1244						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1245						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1246						offset = r;
1247						if(r)
1248							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1249						break;
1250					}
1251				break;
1252			}
1253			drawbar();
1254		}
1255		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1256			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1257			if(handler[ev.type])
1258				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1259		}
1260	}
1261}
1262
1263void
1264scan(void) {
1265	uint i, num;
1266	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1267	XWindowAttributes wa;
1268
1269	wins = NULL;
1270	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1271		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1272			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1273			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1274				continue;
1275			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1276				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1277		}
1278		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1279			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1280				continue;
1281			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1282			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1283				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1284		}
1285	}
1286	if(wins)
1287		XFree(wins);
1288}
1289
1290void
1291setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1292	long data[] = {state, None};
1293
1294	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1295			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1296}
1297
1298void
1299setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1300	sellt ^= 1;
1301	if(arg && arg->v && arg->v != lt[sellt])
1302		lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1303	if(sel)
1304		arrange();
1305	else
1306		drawbar();
1307}
1308
1309/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1310void
1311setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1312	float f;
1313
1314	if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1315		return;
1316	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1317	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1318		return;
1319	mfact = f;
1320	arrange();
1321}
1322
1323void
1324setup(void) {
1325	uint i;
1326	int w;
1327	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1328
1329	/* init screen */
1330	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1331	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1332	initfont(font);
1333	sx = 0;
1334	sy = 0;
1335	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1336	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1337	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1338	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1339	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1340	updategeom();
1341
1342	/* init atoms */
1343	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1344	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1345	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1346	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1347	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1348	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1349
1350	/* init cursors */
1351	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1352	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1353	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1354
1355	/* init appearance */
1356	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1357	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1358	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1359	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1360	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1361	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1362	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1363	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1364	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1365	if(!dc.font.set)
1366		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1367
1368	/* init bar */
1369	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1370		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1371		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1372	}
1373
1374	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1375	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1376	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1377
1378	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1379			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1380			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1381	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1382	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1383	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1384	drawbar();
1385
1386	/* EWMH support per view */
1387	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1388			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1389
1390	/* select for events */
1391	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1392			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1393	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1394	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1395
1396
1397	/* grab keys */
1398	grabkeys();
1399}
1400
1401void
1402spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1403	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1404	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1405	if(fork() == 0) {
1406		if(fork() == 0) {
1407			if(dpy)
1408				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1409			setsid();
1410			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1411			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1412			perror(" failed");
1413		}
1414		exit(0);
1415	}
1416	wait(0);
1417}
1418
1419void
1420tag(const Arg *arg) {
1421	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1422		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1423		arrange();
1424	}
1425}
1426
1427int
1428textnw(const char *text, uint len) {
1429	XRectangle r;
1430
1431	if(dc.font.set) {
1432		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1433		return r.width;
1434	}
1435	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1436}
1437
1438void
1439tile(void) {
1440	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1441	uint i, n;
1442	Client *c;
1443
1444	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1445	if(n == 0)
1446		return;
1447
1448	/* master */
1449	c = nexttiled(clients);
1450	mw = mfact * ww;
1451	resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1452
1453	if(--n == 0)
1454		return;
1455
1456	/* tile stack */
1457	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1458	y = wy;
1459	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1460	h = wh / n;
1461	if(h < bh)
1462		h = wh;
1463
1464	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1465		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1466		       ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1467		if(h != wh)
1468			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1469	}
1470}
1471
1472void
1473togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1474	showbar = !showbar;
1475	updategeom();
1476	updatebar();
1477	arrange();
1478}
1479
1480void
1481togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1482	if(!sel)
1483		return;
1484	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1485	if(sel->isfloating)
1486		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1487	arrange();
1488}
1489
1490void
1491toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1492	uint mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1493
1494	if(sel && mask) {
1495		sel->tags = mask;
1496		arrange();
1497	}
1498}
1499
1500void
1501toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1502	uint mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1503
1504	if(mask) {
1505		tagset[seltags] = mask;
1506		arrange();
1507	}
1508}
1509
1510void
1511unmanage(Client *c) {
1512	XWindowChanges wc;
1513
1514	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1515	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1516	XGrabServer(dpy);
1517	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1518	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1519	detach(c);
1520	detachstack(c);
1521	if(sel == c)
1522		focus(NULL);
1523	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1524	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1525	free(c);
1526	XSync(dpy, False);
1527	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1528	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1529	arrange();
1530}
1531
1532void
1533unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1534	Client *c;
1535	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1536
1537	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1538		unmanage(c);
1539}
1540
1541void
1542updatebar(void) {
1543	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1544		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1545	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1546	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1547}
1548
1549void
1550updategeom(void) {
1551#ifdef XINERAMA
1552	int i;
1553	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1554
1555	/* window area geometry */
1556	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1557		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &i);
1558		wx = info[xidx].x_org;
1559		wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[xidx].y_org + bh : info[xidx].y_org;
1560		ww = info[xidx].width;
1561		wh = showbar ? info[xidx].height - bh : info[xidx].height;
1562		XFree(info);
1563	}
1564	else
1565#endif
1566	{
1567		wx = sx;
1568		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1569		ww = sw;
1570		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1571	}
1572
1573	/* bar position */
1574	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1575}
1576
1577void
1578updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1579	long msize;
1580	XSizeHints size;
1581
1582	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1583	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1584		c->basew = size.base_width;
1585		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1586	}
1587	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1588		c->basew = size.min_width;
1589		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1590	}
1591	else
1592		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1593	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1594		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1595		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1596	}
1597	else
1598		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1599	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1600		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1601		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1602	}
1603	else
1604		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1605	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1606		c->minw = size.min_width;
1607		c->minh = size.min_height;
1608	}
1609	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1610		c->minw = size.base_width;
1611		c->minh = size.base_height;
1612	}
1613	else
1614		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1615	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1616		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1617		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1618	}
1619	else
1620		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1621	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1622			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1623}
1624
1625void
1626updatetitle(Client *c) {
1627	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1628		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1629}
1630
1631void
1632updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1633	XWMHints *wmh;
1634
1635	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1636		if(c == sel)
1637			sel->isurgent = False;
1638		else
1639			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1640		XFree(wmh);
1641	}
1642}
1643
1644void
1645view(const Arg *arg) {
1646	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1647	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1648		tagset[seltags] = arg->i & TAGMASK;
1649	arrange();
1650}
1651
1652/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1653 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1654 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1655int
1656xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1657	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1658	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1659	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1660	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1663	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1664	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1666		return 0;
1667	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1668			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1669	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1670}
1671
1672int
1673xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1674	return 0;
1675}
1676
1677/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1678 * is already running. */
1679int
1680xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1681	otherwm = True;
1682	return -1;
1683}
1684
1685void
1686zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1687	Client *c = sel;
1688
1689	if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1690		return;
1691	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1692		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1693			return;
1694	detach(c);
1695	attach(c);
1696	focus(c);
1697	arrange();
1698}
1699
1700int
1701main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1702	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1703		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1704	else if(argc != 1)
1705		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1706
1707	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1708	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1709		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1710
1711	checkotherwm();
1712	setup();
1713	scan();
1714	run();
1715	cleanup();
1716
1717	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1718	return 0;
1719}