1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42#ifdef XINERAMA
  43#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44#endif
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define MAX(a, b)       ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  48#define MIN(a, b)       ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  49#define BUTTONMASK      (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  50#define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  51#define LENGTH(x)       (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52#define MAXTAGLEN       16
  53#define MOUSEMASK       (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  54#define TAGMASK         ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55#define TEXTW(x)        (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  62
  63/* typedefs */
  64typedef unsigned int uint;
  65typedef unsigned long ulong;
  66typedef struct Client Client;
  67struct Client {
  68	char name[256];
  69	int x, y, w, h;
  70	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  71	float mina, maxa;
  72	int bw, oldbw;
  73	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, ismoved, isurgent;
  74	uint tags;
  75	Client *next;
  76	Client *snext;
  77	Window win;
  78};
  79
  80typedef struct {
  81	int x, y, w, h;
  82	ulong norm[ColLast];
  83	ulong sel[ColLast];
  84	Drawable drawable;
  85	GC gc;
  86	struct {
  87		int ascent;
  88		int descent;
  89		int height;
  90		XFontSet set;
  91		XFontStruct *xfont;
  92	} font;
  93} DC; /* draw context */
  94
  95typedef union {
  96	int i;
  97	uint ui;
  98	float f;
  99	void *v;
 100} Arg;
 101
 102typedef struct {
 103	uint mod;
 104	KeySym keysym;
 105	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 106	const Arg arg;
 107} Key;
 108
 109typedef struct {
 110	const char *symbol;
 111	void (*arrange)(void);
 112} Layout;
 113
 114typedef struct {
 115	const char *class;
 116	const char *instance;
 117	const char *title;
 118	uint tags;
 119	Bool isfloating;
 120} Rule;
 121
 122/* function declarations */
 123static void applyrules(Client *c);
 124static void arrange(void);
 125static void attach(Client *c);
 126static void attachstack(Client *c);
 127static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 128static void checkotherwm(void);
 129static void cleanup(void);
 130static void configure(Client *c);
 131static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 132static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 133static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 134static void detach(Client *c);
 135static void detachstack(Client *c);
 136static void drawbar(void);
 137static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]);
 138static void drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 139static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 140static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 141static void expose(XEvent *e);
 142static void focus(Client *c);
 143static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 144static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 145static Client *getclient(Window w);
 146static ulong getcolor(const char *colstr);
 147static long getstate(Window w);
 148static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size);
 149static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 150static void grabkeys(void);
 151static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 152static Bool isoccupied(uint t);
 153static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 154static Bool isurgent(uint t);
 155static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 156static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 157static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 158static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 159static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 160static void movemouse(Client *c);
 161static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 162static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 163static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 164static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 165static void resizemouse(Client *c);
 166static void restack(void);
 167static void run(void);
 168static void scan(void);
 169static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 170static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 171static void setup(void);
 172static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 173static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 174static int textnw(const char *text, uint len);
 175static void tile(void);
 176static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 177static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 178static void togglelayout(const Arg *arg);
 179static void togglemax(const Arg *arg);
 180static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 181static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 182static void unmanage(Client *c);
 183static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 184static void updatebar(void);
 185static void updategeom(void);
 186static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 187static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 188static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 189static void view(const Arg *arg);
 190static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 194
 195/* variables */
 196static char stext[256];
 197static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 198static int by, bh, blw, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 199static uint seltags = 0;
 200static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 201static uint numlockmask = 0;
 202static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 203	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 204	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 205	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 206	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 207	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 208	[Expose] = expose,
 209	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 210	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 211	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 212	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 213	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 214	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 215};
 216static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 217static Bool ismax = False;
 218static Bool otherwm, readin;
 219static Bool running = True;
 220static uint tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 221static Client *clients = NULL;
 222static Client *sel = NULL;
 223static Client *stack = NULL;
 224static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 225static Display *dpy;
 226static DC dc = {0};
 227static Window root, barwin;
 228
 229/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 230#include "config.h"
 231
 232static Layout *lt = layouts;
 233
 234/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an uint bit array. */
 235struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(uint) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 236
 237/* function implementations */
 238void
 239applyrules(Client *c) {
 240	uint i;
 241	Rule *r;
 242	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 243
 244	/* rule matching */
 245	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 246	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 247		r = &rules[i];
 248		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 249		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 250		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 251			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 252			c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 253		}
 254	}
 255	if(ch.res_class)
 256		XFree(ch.res_class);
 257	if(ch.res_name)
 258		XFree(ch.res_name);
 259	if(!c->tags)
 260		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 261}
 262
 263void
 264arrange(void) {
 265	Client *c;
 266
 267	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 268		if(c->tags & tagset[seltags]) { /* is visible */
 269			if(ismax && !c->isfixed) {
 270				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw);
 271				c->ismoved = True;
 272			}
 273			else if(!lt->arrange || c->isfloating)
 274				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 275			c->isbanned = False;
 276		}
 277		else if(!c->isbanned) {
 278			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 279			c->isbanned = c->ismoved = True;
 280		}
 281
 282	focus(NULL);
 283	if(lt->arrange && !ismax)
 284		lt->arrange();
 285	restack();
 286}
 287
 288void
 289attach(Client *c) {
 290	c->next = clients;
 291	clients = c;
 292}
 293
 294void
 295attachstack(Client *c) {
 296	c->snext = stack;
 297	stack = c;
 298}
 299
 300void
 301buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 302	uint i, mask;
 303	int x;
 304	Client *c;
 305	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 306
 307	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 308		x = 0;
 309		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 310			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 311			if(ev->x < x) {
 312				mask = 1 << i;
 313				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 314					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 315						tag((Arg*)&mask);
 316					else
 317						view((Arg*)&mask);
 318				}
 319				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 320					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 321						toggletag((Arg*)&mask);
 322					else
 323						toggleview((Arg*)&mask);
 324				}
 325				return;
 326			}
 327		}
 328		if(ev->x < x + blw) {
 329			if(ev->button == Button1) 
 330				togglelayout(NULL);
 331			else if(ev->button == Button3) 
 332				togglemax(NULL);
 333		}
 334	}
 335	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 336		focus(c);
 337		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY || (ismax && !c->isfixed))
 338			return;
 339		if(ev->button == Button1)
 340			movemouse(c);
 341		else if(ev->button == Button2)
 342			togglefloating(NULL);
 343		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed)
 344			resizemouse(c);
 345	}
 346}
 347
 348void
 349checkotherwm(void) {
 350	otherwm = False;
 351	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 352
 353	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 354	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 355	XSync(dpy, False);
 356	if(otherwm)
 357		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 358	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 359	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 360	XSync(dpy, False);
 361}
 362
 363void
 364cleanup(void) {
 365	Arg a = {.i = ~0};
 366	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 367	view(&a);
 368	while(stack)
 369		unmanage(stack);
 370	if(dc.font.set)
 371		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 372	else
 373		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 374	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 375	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 376	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 377	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 378	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 379	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 380	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 381	XSync(dpy, False);
 382	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 383}
 384
 385void
 386configure(Client *c) {
 387	XConfigureEvent ce;
 388
 389	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 390	ce.display = dpy;
 391	ce.event = c->win;
 392	ce.window = c->win;
 393	ce.x = c->x;
 394	ce.y = c->y;
 395	ce.width = c->w;
 396	ce.height = c->h;
 397	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 398	ce.above = None;
 399	ce.override_redirect = False;
 400	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 401}
 402
 403void
 404configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 405	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 406
 407	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 408		sw = ev->width;
 409		sh = ev->height;
 410		updategeom();
 411		updatebar();
 412		arrange();
 413	}
 414}
 415
 416void
 417configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 418	Client *c;
 419	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 420	XWindowChanges wc;
 421
 422	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 423		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 424			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 425		if(ismax && !c->isbanned && !c->isfixed)
 426			XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh + 2 * c->bw);
 427		else if(c->isfloating || !lt->arrange) {
 428			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 429				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 430			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 431				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 432			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 433				c->w = ev->width;
 434			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 435				c->h = ev->height;
 436			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 437				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 438			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 439				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 440			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 441			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 442				configure(c);
 443			if(!c->isbanned)
 444				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 445		}
 446		else
 447			configure(c);
 448	}
 449	else {
 450		wc.x = ev->x;
 451		wc.y = ev->y;
 452		wc.width = ev->width;
 453		wc.height = ev->height;
 454		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 455		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 456		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 457		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 458	}
 459	XSync(dpy, False);
 460}
 461
 462void
 463destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 464	Client *c;
 465	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 466
 467	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 468		unmanage(c);
 469}
 470
 471void
 472detach(Client *c) {
 473	Client *i;
 474
 475	if (c != clients) {
 476		for(i = clients; i->next != c; i = i->next);
 477		i->next = c->next;
 478	}
 479	else {
 480		clients = c->next;
 481	}
 482	c->next =  NULL;
 483}
 484
 485void
 486detachstack(Client *c) {
 487	Client **tc;
 488
 489	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 490	*tc = c->snext;
 491}
 492
 493void
 494drawbar(void) {
 495	int i, x;
 496	Client *c;
 497
 498	dc.x = 0;
 499	for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
 500	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 501		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 502		if(tagset[seltags] & 1 << i) {
 503			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 504			drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 505		}
 506		else {
 507			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 508			drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 509		}
 510		dc.x += dc.w;
 511	}
 512	if(blw > 0) {
 513		dc.w = blw;
 514		drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, ismax);
 515		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 516	}
 517	else
 518		x = dc.x;
 519	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 520	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 521	if(dc.x < x) {
 522		dc.x = x;
 523		dc.w = ww - x;
 524	}
 525	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 526	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 527		dc.x = x;
 528		if(c) {
 529			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 530			drawsquare(c->isfixed, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 531		}
 532		else
 533			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 534	}
 535	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 536	XSync(dpy, False);
 537}
 538
 539void
 540drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]) {
 541	int x;
 542	XGCValues gcv;
 543	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 544
 545	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 546	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 547	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 548	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 549	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 550	if(filled) {
 551		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 552		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 553	}
 554	else if(empty) {
 555		r.width = r.height = x;
 556		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 557	}
 558}
 559
 560void
 561drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 562	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 563	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 564	char buf[256];
 565
 566	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 567	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 568	if(!text)
 569		return;
 570	olen = strlen(text);
 571	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 572	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 573	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 574	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 575	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 576	/* shorten text if necessary */
 577	for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 578	if(!len)
 579		return;
 580	if(len < olen)
 581		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 582	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 583	if(dc.font.set)
 584		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 585	else
 586		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 587}
 588
 589void
 590enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 591	Client *c;
 592	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 593
 594	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 595		return;
 596	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 597		focus(c);
 598	else
 599		focus(NULL);
 600}
 601
 602void
 603eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 604	va_list ap;
 605
 606	va_start(ap, errstr);
 607	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 608	va_end(ap);
 609	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 610}
 611
 612void
 613expose(XEvent *e) {
 614	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 615
 616	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 617		drawbar();
 618}
 619
 620void
 621focus(Client *c) {
 622	if(!c || c->isbanned)
 623		for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
 624	if(sel && sel != c) {
 625		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 626		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 627	}
 628	if(c) {
 629		detachstack(c);
 630		attachstack(c);
 631		grabbuttons(c, True);
 632		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 633		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 634	}
 635	else
 636		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 637	sel = c;
 638	drawbar();
 639}
 640
 641void
 642focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 643	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 644
 645	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 646		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 647}
 648
 649void
 650focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 651	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 652
 653	if(!sel)
 654		return;
 655	if (arg->i > 0) {
 656		for(c = sel->next; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 657		if(!c)
 658			for(c = clients; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 659	}
 660	else {
 661		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 662			if (!i->isbanned)
 663				c = i;
 664		if(!c) 
 665			for(; i; i = i->next)
 666				if (!i->isbanned)
 667					c = i;
 668	}
 669	if(c) {
 670		focus(c);
 671		restack();
 672	}
 673}
 674
 675Client *
 676getclient(Window w) {
 677	Client *c;
 678
 679	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 680	return c;
 681}
 682
 683ulong
 684getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 685	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 686	XColor color;
 687
 688	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 689		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 690	return color.pixel;
 691}
 692
 693long
 694getstate(Window w) {
 695	int format, status;
 696	long result = -1;
 697	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 698	ulong n, extra;
 699	Atom real;
 700
 701	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 702			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 703	if(status != Success)
 704		return -1;
 705	if(n != 0)
 706		result = *p;
 707	XFree(p);
 708	return result;
 709}
 710
 711Bool
 712gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size) {
 713	char **list = NULL;
 714	int n;
 715	XTextProperty name;
 716
 717	if(!text || size == 0)
 718		return False;
 719	text[0] = '\0';
 720	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 721	if(!name.nitems)
 722		return False;
 723	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 724		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 725	else {
 726		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 727		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 728			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 729			XFreeStringList(list);
 730		}
 731	}
 732	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 733	XFree(name.value);
 734	return True;
 735}
 736
 737void
 738grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 739	int i, j;
 740	uint buttons[]   = { Button1, Button2, Button3 };
 741	uint modifiers[] = { MODKEY, MODKEY|LockMask, MODKEY|numlockmask, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask };
 742
 743	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 744	if(focused)
 745		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 746			for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 747				XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i], modifiers[j], c->win, False,
 748					BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 749	else
 750		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 751			BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 752}
 753
 754void
 755grabkeys(void) {
 756	uint i, j;
 757	KeyCode code;
 758	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 759
 760	/* init modifier map */
 761	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 762	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 763		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 764			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 765				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 766		}
 767	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 768
 769	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 770	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 771		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 772		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 773				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 774		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 775				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 776		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 777				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 778		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 779				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 780	}
 781}
 782
 783void
 784initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 785	char *def, **missing;
 786	int i, n;
 787
 788	missing = NULL;
 789	if(dc.font.set)
 790		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 791	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 792	if(missing) {
 793		while(n--)
 794			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 795		XFreeStringList(missing);
 796	}
 797	if(dc.font.set) {
 798		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 799		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 800		char **font_names;
 801		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 802		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 803		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 804		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 805			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 806			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 807			xfonts++;
 808		}
 809	}
 810	else {
 811		if(dc.font.xfont)
 812			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 813		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 814		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 815		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 816			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 817		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 818		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 819	}
 820	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 821}
 822
 823Bool
 824isoccupied(uint t) {
 825	Client *c;
 826
 827	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 828		if(c->tags & 1 << t)
 829			return True;
 830	return False;
 831}
 832
 833Bool
 834isprotodel(Client *c) {
 835	int i, n;
 836	Atom *protocols;
 837	Bool ret = False;
 838
 839	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 840		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 841			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 842				ret = True;
 843		XFree(protocols);
 844	}
 845	return ret;
 846}
 847
 848Bool
 849isurgent(uint t) {
 850	Client *c;
 851
 852	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 853		if(c->isurgent && c->tags & 1 << t)
 854			return True;
 855	return False;
 856}
 857
 858void
 859keypress(XEvent *e) {
 860	uint i;
 861	KeySym keysym;
 862	XKeyEvent *ev;
 863
 864	ev = &e->xkey;
 865	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 866	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 867		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 868		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 869		   && keys[i].func)
 870			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 871}
 872
 873void
 874killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 875	XEvent ev;
 876
 877	if(!sel)
 878		return;
 879	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 880		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 881		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 882		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 883		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 884		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 885		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 886		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 887	}
 888	else
 889		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 890}
 891
 892void
 893manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 894	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 895	Status rettrans;
 896	Window trans;
 897	XWindowChanges wc;
 898
 899	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 900		eprint("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 901	c->win = w;
 902
 903	/* geometry */
 904	c->x = wa->x;
 905	c->y = wa->y;
 906	c->w = wa->width;
 907	c->h = wa->height;
 908	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 909	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 910		c->x = sx;
 911		c->y = sy;
 912		c->bw = wa->border_width;
 913	}
 914	else {
 915		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 916			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 917		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 918			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 919		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 920		c->y = MAX(c->y, by == 0 ? bh : sy);
 921		c->bw = borderpx;
 922	}
 923
 924	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 925	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 926	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 927	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 928	updatesizehints(c);
 929	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 930	grabbuttons(c, False);
 931	updatetitle(c);
 932	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 933		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 934	if(t)
 935		c->tags = t->tags;
 936	else
 937		applyrules(c);
 938	if(!c->isfloating)
 939		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 940	if(c->isfloating)
 941		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 942	attach(c);
 943	attachstack(c);
 944	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 945	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 946	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 947	arrange();
 948}
 949
 950void
 951mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 952	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 953
 954	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 955	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 956		grabkeys();
 957}
 958
 959void
 960maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 961	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 962	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 963
 964	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 965		return;
 966	if(wa.override_redirect)
 967		return;
 968	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 969		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 970}
 971
 972void
 973movemouse(Client *c) {
 974	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 975	uint dui;
 976	Window dummy;
 977	XEvent ev;
 978
 979	restack();
 980	ocx = nx = c->x;
 981	ocy = ny = c->y;
 982	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 983	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 984		return;
 985	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 986	for(;;) {
 987		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 988		switch (ev.type) {
 989		case ButtonRelease:
 990			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 991			return;
 992		case ConfigureRequest:
 993		case Expose:
 994		case MapRequest:
 995			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 996			break;
 997		case MotionNotify:
 998			XSync(dpy, False);
 999			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1000			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1001			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1002			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1003				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1004					nx = wx;
1005				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1006					nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1007				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1008					ny = wy;
1009				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1010					ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1011				if(!c->isfloating && lt->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1012					togglefloating(NULL);
1013			}
1014			if(!lt->arrange || c->isfloating)
1015				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1016			break;
1017		}
1018	}
1019}
1020
1021Client *
1022nexttiled(Client *c) {
1023	for(; c && (c->isfloating || c->isbanned); c = c->next);
1024	return c;
1025}
1026
1027void
1028propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1029	Client *c;
1030	Window trans;
1031	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1032
1033	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1034		return; /* ignore */
1035	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1036		switch (ev->atom) {
1037		default: break;
1038		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1039			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1040			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1041				arrange();
1042			break;
1043		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1044			updatesizehints(c);
1045			break;
1046		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1047			updatewmhints(c);
1048			drawbar();
1049			break;
1050		}
1051		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1052			updatetitle(c);
1053			if(c == sel)
1054				drawbar();
1055		}
1056	}
1057}
1058
1059void
1060quit(const Arg *arg) {
1061	readin = running = False;
1062}
1063
1064void
1065resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1066	XWindowChanges wc;
1067
1068	if(sizehints) {
1069		/* set minimum possible */
1070		w = MAX(1, w);
1071		h = MAX(1, h);
1072
1073		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1074		w -= c->basew;
1075		h -= c->baseh;
1076
1077		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1078		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1079			if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1080				w = h * c->maxa;
1081			else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1082				h = w * c->mina;
1083		}
1084
1085		/* adjust for increment value */
1086		if(c->incw)
1087			w -= w % c->incw;
1088		if(c->inch)
1089			h -= h % c->inch;
1090
1091		/* restore base dimensions */
1092		w += c->basew;
1093		h += c->baseh;
1094
1095		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1096		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1097		
1098		if (c->maxw)
1099			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1100
1101		if (c->maxh)
1102			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1103	}
1104	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1105		return;
1106	if(x > sx + sw)
1107		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1108	if(y > sy + sh)
1109		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1110	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1111		x = sx;
1112	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1113		y = sy;
1114	if(h < bh)
1115		h = bh;
1116	if(w < bh)
1117		w = bh;
1118	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h || c->ismoved) {
1119		c->ismoved = False;
1120		c->x = wc.x = x;
1121		c->y = wc.y = y;
1122		c->w = wc.width = w;
1123		c->h = wc.height = h;
1124		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1125		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1126				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1127		configure(c);
1128		XSync(dpy, False);
1129	}
1130}
1131
1132void
1133resizemouse(Client *c) {
1134	int ocx, ocy;
1135	int nw, nh;
1136	XEvent ev;
1137
1138	restack();
1139	ocx = c->x;
1140	ocy = c->y;
1141	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1142	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1143		return;
1144	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1145	for(;;) {
1146		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1147		switch(ev.type) {
1148		case ButtonRelease:
1149			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1150					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1151			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1152			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1153			return;
1154		case ConfigureRequest:
1155		case Expose:
1156		case MapRequest:
1157			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1158			break;
1159		case MotionNotify:
1160			XSync(dpy, False);
1161			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1162			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1163
1164			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1165			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1166				if(!c->isfloating && lt->arrange
1167				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1168					togglefloating(NULL);
1169			}
1170			if(!lt->arrange || c->isfloating)
1171				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1172			break;
1173		}
1174	}
1175}
1176
1177void
1178restack(void) {
1179	Client *c;
1180	XEvent ev;
1181	XWindowChanges wc;
1182
1183	drawbar();
1184	if(!sel)
1185		return;
1186	if(ismax || sel->isfloating || !lt->arrange)
1187		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1188	if(!ismax && lt->arrange) {
1189		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1190		wc.sibling = barwin;
1191		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1192			if(!c->isfloating && !c->isbanned) {
1193				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1194				wc.sibling = c->win;
1195			}
1196	}
1197	XSync(dpy, False);
1198	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1199}
1200
1201void
1202run(void) {
1203	char *p;
1204	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1205	fd_set rd;
1206	int r, xfd;
1207	uint len, offset;
1208	XEvent ev;
1209
1210	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1211	XSync(dpy, False);
1212	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1213	readin = True;
1214	offset = 0;
1215	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1216	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1217	while(running) {
1218		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1219		if(readin)
1220			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1221		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1222		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1223			if(errno == EINTR)
1224				continue;
1225			eprint("select failed\n");
1226		}
1227		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1228			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1229			case -1:
1230				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1231				readin = False;
1232				break;
1233			case 0:
1234				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1235				readin = False;
1236				break;
1237			default:
1238				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1239					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1240						*p = '\0';
1241						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1242						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1243						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1244						offset = r;
1245						if(r)
1246							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1247						break;
1248					}
1249				break;
1250			}
1251			drawbar();
1252		}
1253		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1254			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1255			if(handler[ev.type])
1256				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1257		}
1258	}
1259}
1260
1261void
1262scan(void) {
1263	uint i, num;
1264	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1265	XWindowAttributes wa;
1266
1267	wins = NULL;
1268	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1269		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1270			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1271			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1272				continue;
1273			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1274				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1275		}
1276		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1277			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1278				continue;
1279			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1280			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1281				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1282		}
1283	}
1284	if(wins)
1285		XFree(wins);
1286}
1287
1288void
1289setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1290	long data[] = {state, None};
1291
1292	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1293			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1294}
1295
1296/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1297void
1298setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1299	float f;
1300
1301	if(!arg || !lt->arrange)
1302		return;
1303	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1304	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1305		return;
1306	mfact = f;
1307	arrange();
1308}
1309
1310void
1311setup(void) {
1312	uint i;
1313	int w;
1314	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1315
1316	/* init screen */
1317	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1318	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1319	initfont(FONT);
1320	sx = 0;
1321	sy = 0;
1322	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1323	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1324	bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1325	updategeom();
1326
1327	/* init atoms */
1328	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1329	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1330	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1331	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1332	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1333	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1334
1335	/* init cursors */
1336	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1337	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1338	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1339
1340	/* init appearance */
1341	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1342	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1343	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1344	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1345	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1346	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1347	initfont(FONT);
1348	dc.h = bh;
1349	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1350	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1351	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1352	if(!dc.font.set)
1353		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1354
1355	/* init bar */
1356	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1357		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1358		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1359	}
1360
1361	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1362	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1363	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1364
1365	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1366			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1367			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1368	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1369	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1370	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1371	drawbar();
1372
1373	/* EWMH support per view */
1374	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1375			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1376
1377	/* select for events */
1378	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1379			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1380	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1381	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1382
1383
1384	/* grab keys */
1385	grabkeys();
1386}
1387
1388void
1389spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1390	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1391	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1392	if(fork() == 0) {
1393		if(fork() == 0) {
1394			if(dpy)
1395				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1396			setsid();
1397			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1398			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1399			perror(" failed");
1400		}
1401		exit(0);
1402	}
1403	wait(0);
1404}
1405
1406void
1407tag(const Arg *arg) {
1408	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1409		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1410		arrange();
1411	}
1412}
1413
1414int
1415textnw(const char *text, uint len) {
1416	XRectangle r;
1417
1418	if(dc.font.set) {
1419		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1420		return r.width;
1421	}
1422	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1423}
1424
1425void
1426tile(void) {
1427	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1428	uint i, n;
1429	Client *c;
1430
1431	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1432	if(n == 0)
1433		return;
1434
1435	/* master */
1436	c = nexttiled(clients);
1437	mw = mfact * ww;
1438	resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1439
1440	if(--n == 0)
1441		return;
1442
1443	/* tile stack */
1444	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1445	y = wy;
1446	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1447	h = wh / n;
1448	if(h < bh)
1449		h = wh;
1450
1451	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1452		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1453		       ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1454		if(h != wh)
1455			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1456	}
1457}
1458
1459void
1460togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1461	showbar = !showbar;
1462	updategeom();
1463	updatebar();
1464	arrange();
1465}
1466
1467void
1468togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1469	if(!sel)
1470		return;
1471	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1472	if(sel->isfloating)
1473		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1474	arrange();
1475}
1476
1477void
1478togglelayout(const Arg *arg) {
1479	if(++lt == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1480		lt = &layouts[0];
1481	if(sel)
1482		arrange();
1483	else
1484		drawbar();
1485}
1486
1487void
1488togglemax(const Arg *arg) {
1489	ismax = !ismax;
1490	arrange();
1491}
1492
1493void
1494toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1495	if(sel && (sel->tags ^= (arg->ui & TAGMASK)))
1496		arrange();
1497}
1498
1499void
1500toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1501	if((tagset[seltags] ^= (arg->ui & TAGMASK)))
1502		arrange();
1503}
1504
1505void
1506unmanage(Client *c) {
1507	XWindowChanges wc;
1508
1509	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1510	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1511	XGrabServer(dpy);
1512	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1513	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1514	detach(c);
1515	detachstack(c);
1516	if(sel == c)
1517		focus(NULL);
1518	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1519	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1520	free(c);
1521	XSync(dpy, False);
1522	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1523	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1524	arrange();
1525}
1526
1527void
1528unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1529	Client *c;
1530	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1531
1532	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1533		unmanage(c);
1534}
1535
1536void
1537updatebar(void) {
1538	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1539		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1540	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1541	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1542}
1543
1544void
1545updategeom(void) {
1546#ifdef XINERAMA
1547	int i;
1548	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1549
1550	/* window area geometry */
1551	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1552		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &i);
1553		wx = info[0].x_org;
1554		wy = showbar && topbar ? info[0].y_org + bh : info[0].y_org;
1555		ww = info[0].width;
1556		wh = showbar ? info[0].height - bh : info[0].height;
1557		XFree(info);
1558	}
1559	else
1560#endif
1561	{
1562		wx = sx;
1563		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1564		ww = sw;
1565		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1566	}
1567
1568	/* bar position */
1569	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1570}
1571
1572void
1573updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1574	long msize;
1575	XSizeHints size;
1576
1577	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1578	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1579		c->basew = size.base_width;
1580		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1581	}
1582	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1583		c->basew = size.min_width;
1584		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1585	}
1586	else
1587		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1588	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1589		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1590		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1591	}
1592	else
1593		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1594	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1595		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1596		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1597	}
1598	else
1599		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1600	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1601		c->minw = size.min_width;
1602		c->minh = size.min_height;
1603	}
1604	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1605		c->minw = size.base_width;
1606		c->minh = size.base_height;
1607	}
1608	else
1609		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1610	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1611		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1612		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1613	}
1614	else
1615		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1616	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1617			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1618}
1619
1620void
1621updatetitle(Client *c) {
1622	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1623		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1624}
1625
1626void
1627updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1628	XWMHints *wmh;
1629
1630	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1631		if(c == sel)
1632			sel->isurgent = False;
1633		else
1634			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1635		XFree(wmh);
1636	}
1637}
1638
1639void
1640view(const Arg *arg) {
1641	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1642	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1643		tagset[seltags] = arg->i & TAGMASK;
1644	arrange();
1645}
1646
1647/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1648 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1649 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1650int
1651xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1652	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1653	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1654	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1655	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1656	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1657	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1658	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1659	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1660	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1661		return 0;
1662	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1663			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1664	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1665}
1666
1667int
1668xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1669	return 0;
1670}
1671
1672/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1673 * is already running. */
1674int
1675xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1676	otherwm = True;
1677	return -1;
1678}
1679
1680void
1681zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1682	Client *c = sel;
1683
1684	if(ismax || !lt->arrange || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1685		return;
1686	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1687		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1688			return;
1689	detach(c);
1690	attach(c);
1691	focus(c);
1692	arrange();
1693}
1694
1695int
1696main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1697	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1698		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1699	else if(argc != 1)
1700		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1701
1702	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1703	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1704		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1705
1706	checkotherwm();
1707	setup();
1708	scan();
1709	run();
1710	cleanup();
1711
1712	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1713	return 0;
1714}