all repos — dwm @ c1c6fdc5d8fef1247ac28e08ecc4d883095d1666

fork of suckless dynamic window manager

dwm.c (view raw)

   1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42#ifdef XINERAMA
  43#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44#endif
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  48#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  49#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  50#define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  51#define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52#define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  53#define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  54#define MAXTAGLEN               16
  55#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  56#define NOBORDER(x)             ((x) - 2 * c->bw)
  57#define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  58#define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  59
  60/* enums */
  61enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  62enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  63enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  64enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  65enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  66       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  67
  68typedef union {
  69	int i;
  70	unsigned int ui;
  71	float f;
  72	void *v;
  73} Arg;
  74
  75typedef struct {
  76	unsigned int click;
  77	unsigned int mask;
  78	unsigned int button;
  79	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  80	const Arg arg;
  81} Button;
  82
  83typedef struct Client Client;
  84struct Client {
  85	char name[256];
  86	float mina, maxa;
  87	int x, y, w, h;
  88	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  89	int bw, oldbw;
  90	unsigned int tags;
  91	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  92	Client *next;
  93	Client *snext;
  94	Window win;
  95};
  96
  97typedef struct {
  98	int x, y, w, h;
  99	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
 100	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 101	Drawable drawable;
 102	GC gc;
 103	struct {
 104		int ascent;
 105		int descent;
 106		int height;
 107		XFontSet set;
 108		XFontStruct *xfont;
 109	} font;
 110} DC; /* draw context */
 111
 112typedef struct {
 113	unsigned int mod;
 114	KeySym keysym;
 115	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 116	const Arg arg;
 117} Key;
 118
 119typedef struct {
 120	const char *symbol;
 121	void (*arrange)(void);
 122} Layout;
 123
 124typedef struct {
 125	const char *class;
 126	const char *instance;
 127	const char *title;
 128	unsigned int tags;
 129	Bool isfloating;
 130} Rule;
 131
 132/* function declarations */
 133static void applyrules(Client *c);
 134static void arrange(void);
 135static void attach(Client *c);
 136static void attachstack(Client *c);
 137static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 138static void checkotherwm(void);
 139static void cleanup(void);
 140static void clearurgent(void);
 141static void configure(Client *c);
 142static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 143static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 144static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 145static void detach(Client *c);
 146static void detachstack(Client *c);
 147static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 148static void drawbar(void);
 149static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 150static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 151static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 152static void expose(XEvent *e);
 153static void focus(Client *c);
 154static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 155static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 156static Client *getclient(Window w);
 157static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 158static long getstate(Window w);
 159static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 160static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 161static void grabkeys(void);
 162static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 163static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 164static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 165static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 166static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 167static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 168static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 169static void monocle(void);
 170static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 171static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 172static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 173static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 174static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 175static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 176static void restack(void);
 177static void run(void);
 178static void scan(void);
 179static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 180static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 181static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 182static void setup(void);
 183static void showhide(Client *c);
 184static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 185static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 186static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 187static void tile(void);
 188static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 189static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 190static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 191static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 192static void unmanage(Client *c);
 193static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 194static void updatebar(void);
 195static void updategeom(void);
 196static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 197static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 198static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 199static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 200static void view(const Arg *arg);
 201static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 205
 206/* variables */
 207static char stext[256];
 208static int screen;
 209static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */ 
 210static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 211static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 212static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 213static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 214static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 215static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 216	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 217	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 218	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 219	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 220	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 221	[Expose] = expose,
 222	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 223	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 224	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 225	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 226	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 227	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 228};
 229static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 230static Bool otherwm;
 231static Bool running = True;
 232static Client *clients = NULL;
 233static Client *sel = NULL;
 234static Client *stack = NULL;
 235static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 236static Display *dpy;
 237static DC dc;
 238static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 239static Window root, barwin;
 240/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 241#include "config.h"
 242
 243/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 244struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 245
 246/* function implementations */
 247void
 248applyrules(Client *c) {
 249	unsigned int i;
 250	Rule *r;
 251	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 252
 253	/* rule matching */
 254	if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 255		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 256			r = &rules[i];
 257			if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 258			&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 259			&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 260				c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 261				c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 262			}
 263		}
 264		if(ch.res_class)
 265			XFree(ch.res_class);
 266		if(ch.res_name)
 267			XFree(ch.res_name);
 268	}
 269	if(!c->tags)
 270		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 271}
 272
 273void
 274arrange(void) {
 275	if(stack)
 276		showhide(stack);
 277	focus(NULL);
 278	if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 279		lt[sellt]->arrange();
 280	restack();
 281}
 282
 283void
 284attach(Client *c) {
 285	c->next = clients;
 286	clients = c;
 287}
 288
 289void
 290attachstack(Client *c) {
 291	c->snext = stack;
 292	stack = c;
 293}
 294
 295void
 296buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 297	unsigned int i, x, click;
 298	Arg arg = {0};
 299	Client *c;
 300	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 301
 302	click = ClkRootWin;
 303	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 304		i = x = 0;
 305		do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 306		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 307			click = ClkTagBar;
 308			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 309		}
 310		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 311			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 312		else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 313			click = ClkStatusText;
 314		else
 315			click = ClkWinTitle;
 316	}
 317	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 318		focus(c);
 319		click = ClkClientWin;
 320	}
 321
 322	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 323		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 324		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 325			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 326}
 327
 328void
 329checkotherwm(void) {
 330	otherwm = False;
 331	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 332
 333	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 334	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 335	XSync(dpy, False);
 336	if(otherwm)
 337		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 338	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 339	XSync(dpy, False);
 340}
 341
 342void
 343cleanup(void) {
 344	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 345	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 346
 347	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 348	view(&a);
 349	lt[sellt] = &foo;
 350	while(stack)
 351		unmanage(stack);
 352	if(dc.font.set)
 353		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 354	else
 355		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 356	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 357	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 358	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 359	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 360	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 361	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 362	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 363	XSync(dpy, False);
 364	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 365}
 366
 367void
 368clearurgent(void) {
 369	XWMHints *wmh;
 370	Client *c;
 371
 372	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 373		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && c->isurgent) {
 374			c->isurgent = False;
 375			if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 376				continue;
 377
 378			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 379			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 380			XFree(wmh);
 381		}
 382}
 383
 384void
 385configure(Client *c) {
 386	XConfigureEvent ce;
 387
 388	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 389	ce.display = dpy;
 390	ce.event = c->win;
 391	ce.window = c->win;
 392	ce.x = c->x;
 393	ce.y = c->y;
 394	ce.width = c->w;
 395	ce.height = c->h;
 396	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 397	ce.above = None;
 398	ce.override_redirect = False;
 399	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 400}
 401
 402void
 403configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 404	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 405
 406	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 407		sw = ev->width;
 408		sh = ev->height;
 409		updategeom();
 410		updatebar();
 411		arrange();
 412	}
 413}
 414
 415void
 416configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 417	Client *c;
 418	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 419	XWindowChanges wc;
 420
 421	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 422		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 423			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 424		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 425			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 426				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 427			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 428				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 429			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 430				c->w = ev->width;
 431			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 432				c->h = ev->height;
 433			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 434				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 435			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 436				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 437			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 438				configure(c);
 439			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 440				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 441		}
 442		else
 443			configure(c);
 444	}
 445	else {
 446		wc.x = ev->x;
 447		wc.y = ev->y;
 448		wc.width = ev->width;
 449		wc.height = ev->height;
 450		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 451		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 452		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 453		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 454	}
 455	XSync(dpy, False);
 456}
 457
 458void
 459destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 460	Client *c;
 461	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 462
 463	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 464		unmanage(c);
 465}
 466
 467void
 468detach(Client *c) {
 469	Client **tc;
 470
 471	for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 472	*tc = c->next;
 473}
 474
 475void
 476detachstack(Client *c) {
 477	Client **tc;
 478
 479	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 480	*tc = c->snext;
 481}
 482
 483void
 484die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 485	va_list ap;
 486
 487	va_start(ap, errstr);
 488	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 489	va_end(ap);
 490	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 491}
 492
 493void
 494drawbar(void) {
 495	int x;
 496	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 497	unsigned long *col;
 498	Client *c;
 499
 500	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 501		occ |= c->tags;
 502		if(c->isurgent)
 503			urg |= c->tags;
 504	}
 505
 506	dc.x = 0;
 507	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 508		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 509		col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 510		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 511		drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 512		dc.x += dc.w;
 513	}
 514	if(blw > 0) {
 515		dc.w = blw;
 516		drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 517		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 518	}
 519	else
 520		x = dc.x;
 521	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 522	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 523	if(dc.x < x) {
 524		dc.x = x;
 525		dc.w = ww - x;
 526	}
 527	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 528	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 529		dc.x = x;
 530		if(sel) {
 531			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 532			drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 533		}
 534		else
 535			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 536	}
 537	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 538	XSync(dpy, False);
 539}
 540
 541void
 542drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 543	int x;
 544	XGCValues gcv;
 545	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 546
 547	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 548	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 549	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 550	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 551	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 552	if(filled) {
 553		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 554		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 555	}
 556	else if(empty) {
 557		r.width = r.height = x;
 558		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 559	}
 560}
 561
 562void
 563drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 564	char buf[256];
 565	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 566	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 567
 568	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 569	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 570	if(!text)
 571		return;
 572	olen = strlen(text);
 573	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 574	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 575	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 576	/* shorten text if necessary */
 577	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 578	if(!len)
 579		return;
 580	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 581	if(len < olen)
 582		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 583	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 584	if(dc.font.set)
 585		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 586	else
 587		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 588}
 589
 590void
 591enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 592	Client *c;
 593	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 594
 595	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 596		return;
 597	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 598		focus(c);
 599	else
 600		focus(NULL);
 601}
 602
 603void
 604expose(XEvent *e) {
 605	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 606
 607	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 608		drawbar();
 609}
 610
 611void
 612focus(Client *c) {
 613	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 614		for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 615	if(sel && sel != c) {
 616		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 617		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 618	}
 619	if(c) {
 620		detachstack(c);
 621		attachstack(c);
 622		grabbuttons(c, True);
 623		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 624		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 625	}
 626	else
 627		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 628	sel = c;
 629	drawbar();
 630}
 631
 632void
 633focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 634	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 635
 636	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 637		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 638}
 639
 640void
 641focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 642	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 643
 644	if(!sel)
 645		return;
 646	if (arg->i > 0) {
 647		for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 648		if(!c)
 649			for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 650	}
 651	else {
 652		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 653			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 654				c = i;
 655		if(!c)
 656			for(; i; i = i->next)
 657				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 658					c = i;
 659	}
 660	if(c) {
 661		focus(c);
 662		restack();
 663	}
 664}
 665
 666Client *
 667getclient(Window w) {
 668	Client *c;
 669
 670	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 671	return c;
 672}
 673
 674unsigned long
 675getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 676	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 677	XColor color;
 678
 679	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 680		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 681	return color.pixel;
 682}
 683
 684long
 685getstate(Window w) {
 686	int format, status;
 687	long result = -1;
 688	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 689	unsigned long n, extra;
 690	Atom real;
 691
 692	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 693			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 694	if(status != Success)
 695		return -1;
 696	if(n != 0)
 697		result = *p;
 698	XFree(p);
 699	return result;
 700}
 701
 702Bool
 703gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 704	char **list = NULL;
 705	int n;
 706	XTextProperty name;
 707
 708	if(!text || size == 0)
 709		return False;
 710	text[0] = '\0';
 711	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 712	if(!name.nitems)
 713		return False;
 714	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 715		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 716	else {
 717		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 718		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 719			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 720			XFreeStringList(list);
 721		}
 722	}
 723	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 724	XFree(name.value);
 725	return True;
 726}
 727
 728void
 729grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 730	updatenumlockmask();
 731	{
 732		unsigned int i, j;
 733		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 734		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 735		if(focused) {
 736			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 737				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 738					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 739						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 740		} else
 741			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 742			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 743	}
 744}
 745
 746void
 747grabkeys(void) {
 748	updatenumlockmask();
 749	{ /* grab keys */
 750		unsigned int i, j;
 751		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 752		KeyCode code;
 753
 754		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 755		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 756			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 757				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 758					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 759						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 760		}
 761	}
 762}
 763
 764void
 765initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 766	char *def, **missing;
 767	int i, n;
 768
 769	missing = NULL;
 770	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 771	if(missing) {
 772		while(n--)
 773			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 774		XFreeStringList(missing);
 775	}
 776	if(dc.font.set) {
 777		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 778		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 779		char **font_names;
 780		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 781		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 782		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 783		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 784			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 785			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 786			xfonts++;
 787		}
 788	}
 789	else {
 790		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 791		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 792			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 793		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 794		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 795	}
 796	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 797}
 798
 799Bool
 800isprotodel(Client *c) {
 801	int i, n;
 802	Atom *protocols;
 803	Bool ret = False;
 804
 805	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 806		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 807			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 808				ret = True;
 809		XFree(protocols);
 810	}
 811	return ret;
 812}
 813
 814void
 815keypress(XEvent *e) {
 816	unsigned int i;
 817	KeySym keysym;
 818	XKeyEvent *ev;
 819
 820	ev = &e->xkey;
 821	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 822	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 823		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 824		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 825		   && keys[i].func)
 826			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 827}
 828
 829void
 830killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 831	XEvent ev;
 832
 833	if(!sel)
 834		return;
 835	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 836		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 837		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 838		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 839		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 840		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 841		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 842		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 843	}
 844	else
 845		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 846}
 847
 848void
 849manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 850	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 851	Window trans = None;
 852	XWindowChanges wc;
 853
 854	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 855		die("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 856	c->win = w;
 857
 858	/* geometry */
 859	c->x = wa->x;
 860	c->y = wa->y;
 861	c->w = wa->width;
 862	c->h = wa->height;
 863	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 864	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 865		c->x = sx;
 866		c->y = sy;
 867		c->bw = 0;
 868	}
 869	else {
 870		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 871			c->x = sx + sw - NOBORDER(c->w);
 872		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 873			c->y = sy + sh - NOBORDER(c->h);
 874		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 875		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 876		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 877		c->bw = borderpx;
 878	}
 879
 880	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 881	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 882	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 883	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 884	updatesizehints(c);
 885	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 886	grabbuttons(c, False);
 887	updatetitle(c);
 888	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 889		t = getclient(trans);
 890	if(t)
 891		c->tags = t->tags;
 892	else
 893		applyrules(c);
 894	if(!c->isfloating)
 895		c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
 896	if(c->isfloating)
 897		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 898	attach(c);
 899	attachstack(c);
 900	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 901	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 902	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 903	arrange();
 904}
 905
 906void
 907mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 908	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 909
 910	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 911	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 912		grabkeys();
 913}
 914
 915void
 916maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 917	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 918	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 919
 920	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 921		return;
 922	if(wa.override_redirect)
 923		return;
 924	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 925		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 926}
 927
 928void
 929monocle(void) {
 930	Client *c;
 931
 932	for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 933		resize(c, wx, wy, NOBORDER(ww), NOBORDER(wh), resizehints);
 934}
 935
 936void
 937movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 938	int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 939	unsigned int dui;
 940	Client *c;
 941	Window dummy;
 942	XEvent ev;
 943
 944	if(!(c = sel))
 945		return;
 946	restack();
 947	ocx = c->x;
 948	ocy = c->y;
 949	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 950	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 951		return;
 952	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 953	do {
 954		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 955		switch (ev.type) {
 956		case ConfigureRequest:
 957		case Expose:
 958		case MapRequest:
 959			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 960			break;
 961		case MotionNotify:
 962			XSync(dpy, False);
 963			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 964			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 965			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 966			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 967				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 968					nx = wx;
 969				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 970					nx = wx + ww - NOBORDER(c->w);
 971				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 972					ny = wy;
 973				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 974					ny = wy + wh - NOBORDER(c->h);
 975				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 976					togglefloating(NULL);
 977			}
 978			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 979				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 980			break;
 981		}
 982	}
 983	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
 984	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 985}
 986
 987Client *
 988nexttiled(Client *c) {
 989	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
 990	return c;
 991}
 992
 993void
 994propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
 995	Client *c;
 996	Window trans;
 997	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
 998
 999	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1000		return; /* ignore */
1001	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1002		switch (ev->atom) {
1003		default: break;
1004		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1005			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1006			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1007				arrange();
1008			break;
1009		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1010			updatesizehints(c);
1011			break;
1012		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1013			updatewmhints(c);
1014			drawbar();
1015			break;
1016		}
1017		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1018			updatetitle(c);
1019			if(c == sel)
1020				drawbar();
1021		}
1022	}
1023}
1024
1025void
1026quit(const Arg *arg) {
1027	readin = running = False;
1028}
1029
1030void
1031resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1032	XWindowChanges wc;
1033
1034	if(sizehints) {
1035		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
1036		Bool baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
1037
1038		/* set minimum possible */
1039		w = MAX(1, w);
1040		h = MAX(1, h);
1041
1042		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1043			w -= c->basew;
1044			h -= c->baseh;
1045		}
1046
1047		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1048		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1049			if(c->maxa < (float)w / h)
1050				w = h * c->maxa;
1051			else if(c->mina < (float)h / w)
1052				h = w * c->mina;
1053		}
1054
1055		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
1056			w -= c->basew;
1057			h -= c->baseh;
1058		}
1059
1060		/* adjust for increment value */
1061		if(c->incw)
1062			w -= w % c->incw;
1063		if(c->inch)
1064			h -= h % c->inch;
1065
1066		/* restore base dimensions */
1067		w += c->basew;
1068		h += c->baseh;
1069
1070		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1071		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1072
1073		if(c->maxw)
1074			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1075
1076		if(c->maxh)
1077			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1078	}
1079	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1080		return;
1081	if(x > sx + sw)
1082		x = sw - NOBORDER(w);
1083	if(y > sy + sh)
1084		y = sh - NOBORDER(h);
1085	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1086		x = sx;
1087	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1088		y = sy;
1089	if(h < bh)
1090		h = bh;
1091	if(w < bh)
1092		w = bh;
1093	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1094		c->x = wc.x = x;
1095		c->y = wc.y = y;
1096		c->w = wc.width = w;
1097		c->h = wc.height = h;
1098		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1099		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1100				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1101		configure(c);
1102		XSync(dpy, False);
1103	}
1104}
1105
1106void
1107resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1108	int ocx, ocy;
1109	int nw, nh;
1110	Client *c;
1111	XEvent ev;
1112
1113	if(!(c = sel))
1114		return;
1115	restack();
1116	ocx = c->x;
1117	ocy = c->y;
1118	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1119	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1120		return;
1121	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1122	do {
1123		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1124		switch(ev.type) {
1125		case ConfigureRequest:
1126		case Expose:
1127		case MapRequest:
1128			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1129			break;
1130		case MotionNotify:
1131			XSync(dpy, False);
1132			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - NOBORDER(ocx) + 1, 1);
1133			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - NOBORDER(ocy) + 1, 1);
1134
1135			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1136			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1137				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1138				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1139					togglefloating(NULL);
1140			}
1141			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1142				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1143			break;
1144		}
1145	}
1146	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1147	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1148	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1149	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1150}
1151
1152void
1153restack(void) {
1154	Client *c;
1155	XEvent ev;
1156	XWindowChanges wc;
1157
1158	drawbar();
1159	if(!sel)
1160		return;
1161	if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1162		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1163	if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1164		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1165		wc.sibling = barwin;
1166		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1167			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1168				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1169				wc.sibling = c->win;
1170			}
1171	}
1172	XSync(dpy, False);
1173	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1174}
1175
1176void
1177run(void) {
1178	char *p;
1179	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1180	fd_set rd;
1181	int r, xfd;
1182	unsigned int len, offset;
1183	XEvent ev;
1184
1185	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1186	XSync(dpy, False);
1187	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1188	offset = 0;
1189	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1190	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1191	while(running) {
1192		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1193		if(readin)
1194			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1195		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1196		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1197			if(errno == EINTR)
1198				continue;
1199			die("select failed\n");
1200		}
1201		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1202			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1203			case -1:
1204				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1205				readin = False;
1206				break;
1207			case 0:
1208				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1209				readin = False;
1210				break;
1211			default:
1212				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1213					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1214						*p = '\0';
1215						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1216						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1217						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1218						offset = r;
1219						if(r)
1220							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1221						break;
1222					}
1223				break;
1224			}
1225			drawbar();
1226		}
1227		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1228			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1229			if(handler[ev.type])
1230				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1231		}
1232	}
1233}
1234
1235void
1236scan(void) {
1237	unsigned int i, num;
1238	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1239	XWindowAttributes wa;
1240
1241	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1242		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1243			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1244			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1245				continue;
1246			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1247				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1248		}
1249		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1250			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1251				continue;
1252			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1253			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1254				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1255		}
1256		if(wins)
1257			XFree(wins);
1258	}
1259}
1260
1261void
1262setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1263	long data[] = {state, None};
1264
1265	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1266			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1267}
1268
1269void
1270setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1271	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1272		sellt ^= 1;
1273	if(arg && arg->v)
1274		lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1275	if(sel)
1276		arrange();
1277	else
1278		drawbar();
1279}
1280
1281/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1282void
1283setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1284	float f;
1285
1286	if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1287		return;
1288	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1289	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1290		return;
1291	mfact = f;
1292	arrange();
1293}
1294
1295void
1296setup(void) {
1297	unsigned int i;
1298	int w;
1299	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1300
1301	/* init screen */
1302	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1303	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1304	initfont(font);
1305	sx = 0;
1306	sy = 0;
1307	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1308	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1309	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1310	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1311	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1312	updategeom();
1313
1314	/* init atoms */
1315	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1316	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1317	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1318	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1319	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1320
1321	/* init cursors */
1322	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1323	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1324	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1325
1326	/* init appearance */
1327	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1328	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1329	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1330	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1331	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1332	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1333	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1334	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1335	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1336	if(!dc.font.set)
1337		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1338
1339	/* init bar */
1340	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1341		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1342		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1343	}
1344
1345	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1346	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1347	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1348
1349	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1350			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1351			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1352	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1353	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1354	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1355	drawbar();
1356
1357	/* EWMH support per view */
1358	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1359			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1360
1361	/* select for events */
1362	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1363			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1364	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1365	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1366
1367	grabkeys();
1368}
1369
1370void
1371showhide(Client *c) {
1372	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1373		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1374		if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1375			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1376	}
1377	if(c->snext) /* hide clients bottom up */
1378		showhide(c->snext);
1379	if(!ISVISIBLE(c))
1380		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1381}
1382
1383void
1384spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1385	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1386	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1387	if(fork() == 0) {
1388		if(fork() == 0) {
1389			if(dpy)
1390				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1391			setsid();
1392			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1393			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1394			perror(" failed");
1395		}
1396		exit(0);
1397	}
1398	wait(0);
1399}
1400
1401void
1402tag(const Arg *arg) {
1403	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1404		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1405		arrange();
1406	}
1407}
1408
1409int
1410textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1411	XRectangle r;
1412
1413	if(dc.font.set) {
1414		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1415		return r.width;
1416	}
1417	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1418}
1419
1420void
1421tile(void) {
1422	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1423	unsigned int i, n;
1424	Client *c;
1425
1426	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1427	if(n == 0)
1428		return;
1429
1430	/* master */
1431	c = nexttiled(clients);
1432	mw = mfact * ww;
1433	resize(c, wx, wy, NOBORDER(n == 1 ? ww : mw), NOBORDER(wh), resizehints);
1434
1435	if(--n == 0)
1436		return;
1437
1438	/* tile stack */
1439	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1440	y = wy;
1441	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1442	h = wh / n;
1443	if(h < bh)
1444		h = wh;
1445
1446	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1447		resize(c, x, y, NOBORDER(w), /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1448		       ? NOBORDER(wy + wh) - y : h), resizehints);
1449		if(h != wh)
1450			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1451	}
1452}
1453
1454void
1455togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1456	showbar = !showbar;
1457	updategeom();
1458	updatebar();
1459	arrange();
1460}
1461
1462void
1463togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1464	if(!sel)
1465		return;
1466	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1467	if(sel->isfloating)
1468		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1469	arrange();
1470}
1471
1472void
1473toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1474	unsigned int mask;
1475
1476	if (!sel)
1477		return;
1478	
1479	mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1480	if(sel && mask) {
1481		sel->tags = mask;
1482		arrange();
1483	}
1484}
1485
1486void
1487toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1488	unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1489
1490	if(mask) {
1491		tagset[seltags] = mask;
1492		clearurgent();
1493		arrange();
1494	}
1495}
1496
1497void
1498unmanage(Client *c) {
1499	XWindowChanges wc;
1500
1501	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1502	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1503	XGrabServer(dpy);
1504	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1505	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1506	detach(c);
1507	detachstack(c);
1508	if(sel == c)
1509		focus(NULL);
1510	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1511	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1512	free(c);
1513	XSync(dpy, False);
1514	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1515	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1516	arrange();
1517}
1518
1519void
1520unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1521	Client *c;
1522	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1523
1524	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1525		unmanage(c);
1526}
1527
1528void
1529updatebar(void) {
1530	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1531		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1532	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1533	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1534}
1535
1536void
1537updategeom(void) {
1538#ifdef XINERAMA
1539	int n, i = 0;
1540	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1541
1542	/* window area geometry */
1543	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) { 
1544		if(n > 1) {
1545			int di, x, y;
1546			unsigned int dui;
1547			Window dummy;
1548			if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1549				for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1550					if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1551						break;
1552		}
1553		wx = info[i].x_org;
1554		wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1555		ww = info[i].width;
1556		wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1557		XFree(info);
1558	}
1559	else
1560#endif
1561	{
1562		wx = sx;
1563		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1564		ww = sw;
1565		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1566	}
1567
1568	/* bar position */
1569	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1570}
1571
1572void
1573updatenumlockmask(void) {
1574	unsigned int i, j;
1575	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1576
1577	numlockmask = 0;
1578	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1579	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1580		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1581			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1582				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1583	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1584}
1585
1586void
1587updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1588	long msize;
1589	XSizeHints size;
1590
1591	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1592	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1593		c->basew = size.base_width;
1594		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1595	}
1596	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1597		c->basew = size.min_width;
1598		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1599	}
1600	else
1601		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1602	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1603		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1604		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1605	}
1606	else
1607		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1608	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1609		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1610		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1611	}
1612	else
1613		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1614	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1615		c->minw = size.min_width;
1616		c->minh = size.min_height;
1617	}
1618	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1619		c->minw = size.base_width;
1620		c->minh = size.base_height;
1621	}
1622	else
1623		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1624	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1625		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1626		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1627	}
1628	else
1629		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1630	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1631	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1632}
1633
1634void
1635updatetitle(Client *c) {
1636	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1637		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1638}
1639
1640void
1641updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1642	XWMHints *wmh;
1643
1644	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1645		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1646			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1647			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1648		}
1649		else
1650			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1651
1652		XFree(wmh);
1653	}
1654}
1655
1656void
1657view(const Arg *arg) {
1658	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1659		return;
1660	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1661	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1662		tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1663	clearurgent();
1664	arrange();
1665}
1666
1667/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1668 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1669 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1670int
1671xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1672	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1673	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1674	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1675	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1676	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1677	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1678	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1679	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1680	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1681		return 0;
1682	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1683			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1684	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1685}
1686
1687int
1688xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1689	return 0;
1690}
1691
1692/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1693 * is already running. */
1694int
1695xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1696	otherwm = True;
1697	return -1;
1698}
1699
1700void
1701zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1702	Client *c = sel;
1703
1704	if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1705		return;
1706	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1707		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1708			return;
1709	detach(c);
1710	attach(c);
1711	focus(c);
1712	arrange();
1713}
1714
1715int
1716main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1717	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1718		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1719	else if(argc != 1)
1720		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1721
1722	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1723		fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1724
1725	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1726		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1727
1728	checkotherwm();
1729	setup();
1730	scan();
1731	run();
1732	cleanup();
1733
1734	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1735	return 0;
1736}