1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42
  43/* macros */
  44#define MAX(a, b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
  45#define MIN(a, b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
  46#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  47#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  48#define LENGTH(x)		(sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  49#define MAXTAGLEN		16
  50#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  51#define DEFGEOM(GEONAME,BX,BY,BW,WX,WY,WW,WH,MX,MY,MW,MH,TX,TY,TW,TH,MOX,MOY,MOW,MOH) \
  52void GEONAME(void) { \
  53	bx = (BX); by = (BY); bw = (BW); \
  54	wx = (WX); wy = (WY); ww = (WW); wh = (WH); \
  55	mx = (MX); my = (MY); mw = (MW); mh = (MH); \
  56	tx = (TX); ty = (TY); tw = (TW); th = (TH); \
  57	mox = (MOX); moy = (MOY); mow = (MOW); moh = (MOH); \
  58}
  59
  60/* enums */
  61enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  62enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  63enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  64enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  65
  66/* typedefs */
  67typedef struct Client Client;
  68struct Client {
  69	char name[256];
  70	int x, y, w, h;
  71	int fx, fy, fw, fh;
  72	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  73	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  74	long flags;
  75	unsigned int bw, oldbw;
  76	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  77	Bool *tags;
  78	Client *next;
  79	Client *prev;
  80	Client *snext;
  81	Window win;
  82};
  83
  84typedef struct {
  85	int x, y, w, h;
  86	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  87	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  88	Drawable drawable;
  89	GC gc;
  90	struct {
  91		int ascent;
  92		int descent;
  93		int height;
  94		XFontSet set;
  95		XFontStruct *xfont;
  96	} font;
  97} DC; /* draw context */
  98
  99typedef struct {
 100	const char *symbol;
 101	void (*apply)(void);
 102} Geom;
 103
 104typedef struct {
 105	unsigned long mod;
 106	KeySym keysym;
 107	void (*func)(const char *arg);
 108	const char *arg;
 109} Key;
 110
 111typedef struct {
 112	const char *symbol;
 113	void (*arrange)(void);
 114	Bool isfloating;
 115} Layout;
 116
 117typedef struct {
 118	const char *class;
 119	const char *instance;
 120	const char *title;
 121	const char *tag;
 122	Bool isfloating;
 123} Rule;
 124
 125/* function declarations */
 126void applyrules(Client *c);
 127void arrange(void);
 128void attach(Client *c);
 129void attachstack(Client *c);
 130void ban(Client *c);
 131void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 132void checkotherwm(void);
 133void cleanup(void);
 134void configure(Client *c);
 135void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 136void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 137unsigned int counttiled(void);
 138void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 139void detach(Client *c);
 140void detachstack(Client *c);
 141void drawbar(void);
 142void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 143void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 144void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 145void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 146void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 147void expose(XEvent *e);
 148void focus(Client *c);
 149void focusin(XEvent *e);
 150void focusnext(const char *arg);
 151void focusprev(const char *arg);
 152Client *getclient(Window w);
 153unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 154long getstate(Window w);
 155Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 156void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 157void grabkeys(void);
 158unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 159void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 160Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 161Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 162Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 163Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 164void keypress(XEvent *e);
 165void killclient(const char *arg);
 166void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 167void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 168void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 169void monocle(void);
 170void movemouse(Client *c);
 171Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 172void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 173void quit(const char *arg);
 174void reapply(const char *arg);
 175void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 176void resizemouse(Client *c);
 177void restack(void);
 178void run(void);
 179void scan(void);
 180void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 181void setgeom(const char *arg);
 182void setlayout(const char *arg);
 183void setmfact(const char *arg);
 184void setup(void);
 185void spawn(const char *arg);
 186void tag(const char *arg);
 187unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 188unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 189void tileh(void);
 190void tilehstack(unsigned int n);
 191Client *tilemaster(unsigned int n);
 192void tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 193void tilev(void);
 194void tilevstack(unsigned int n);
 195void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 196void toggletag(const char *arg);
 197void toggleview(const char *arg);
 198void unban(Client *c);
 199void unmanage(Client *c);
 200void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 201void updatebarpos(void);
 202void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 203void updatetitle(Client *c);
 204void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 205void view(const char *arg);
 206void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 207int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 208int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 209int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 210void zoom(const char *arg);
 211
 212/* variables */
 213char stext[256];
 214int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 215int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 216int bx, by, bw, bh, blw, bgw, mx, my, mw, mh, mox, moy, mow, moh, tx, ty, tw, th, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 217int seltags = 0;
 218double mfact;
 219unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 220void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 221	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 222	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 223	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 224	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 225	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 226	[Expose] = expose,
 227	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 228	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 229	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 230	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 231	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 232	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 233};
 234Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 235Bool otherwm, readin;
 236Bool running = True;
 237Bool *tagset[2];
 238Client *clients = NULL;
 239Client *sel = NULL;
 240Client *stack = NULL;
 241Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 242Display *dpy;
 243DC dc = {0};
 244Geom geoms[];
 245Geom *geom = geoms;
 246Layout layouts[];
 247Layout *lt = layouts;
 248Window root, barwin;
 249
 250/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 251#include "config.h"
 252#define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 253
 254/* function implementations */
 255
 256void
 257applyrules(Client *c) {
 258	unsigned int i;
 259	Bool matched = False;
 260	Rule *r;
 261	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 262
 263	/* rule matching */
 264	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 265	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 266		r = &rules[i];
 267		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 268		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 269		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 270			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 271			if(r->tag) {
 272				c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 273				matched = True;
 274			}
 275		}
 276	}
 277	if(ch.res_class)
 278		XFree(ch.res_class);
 279	if(ch.res_name)
 280		XFree(ch.res_name);
 281	if(!matched)
 282		memcpy(c->tags, tagset[seltags], TAGSZ);
 283}
 284
 285void
 286arrange(void) {
 287	Client *c;
 288
 289	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 290		if(isvisible(c)) {
 291			unban(c);
 292			if(lt->isfloating || c->isfloating)
 293				resize(c, c->fx, c->fy, c->fw, c->fh, True);
 294		}
 295		else
 296			ban(c);
 297
 298	focus(NULL);
 299	if(lt->arrange)
 300		lt->arrange();
 301	restack();
 302}
 303
 304void
 305attach(Client *c) {
 306	if(clients)
 307		clients->prev = c;
 308	c->next = clients;
 309	clients = c;
 310}
 311
 312void
 313attachstack(Client *c) {
 314	c->snext = stack;
 315	stack = c;
 316}
 317
 318void
 319ban(Client *c) {
 320	if(c->isbanned)
 321		return;
 322	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 323	c->isbanned = True;
 324}
 325
 326void
 327buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 328	unsigned int i, x;
 329	Client *c;
 330	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 331
 332	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 333		if((ev->x < bgw) && ev->button == Button1) {
 334			setgeom(NULL);
 335			return;
 336		}
 337		x = bgw;
 338		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 339			x += textw(tags[i]);
 340			if(ev->x >= bgw && ev->x < x) {
 341				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 342					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 343						tag(tags[i]);
 344					else
 345						view(tags[i]);
 346				}
 347				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 348					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 349						toggletag(tags[i]);
 350					else
 351						toggleview(tags[i]);
 352				}
 353				return;
 354			}
 355		}
 356		if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1) 
 357			setlayout(NULL);
 358	}
 359	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 360		focus(c);
 361		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 362			return;
 363		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 364			restack();
 365			movemouse(c);
 366		}
 367		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 368			if(!lt->isfloating && c->isfloating)
 369				togglefloating(NULL);
 370			else
 371				zoom(NULL);
 372		}
 373		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 374			restack();
 375			resizemouse(c);
 376		}
 377	}
 378}
 379
 380void
 381checkotherwm(void) {
 382	otherwm = False;
 383	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 384
 385	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 386	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 387	XSync(dpy, False);
 388	if(otherwm)
 389		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 390	XSync(dpy, False);
 391	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 392	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 393	XSync(dpy, False);
 394}
 395
 396void
 397cleanup(void) {
 398	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 399	while(stack) {
 400		unban(stack);
 401		unmanage(stack);
 402	}
 403	if(dc.font.set)
 404		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 405	else
 406		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 407	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 408	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 409	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 410	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 411	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 412	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 413	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 414	XSync(dpy, False);
 415	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 416}
 417
 418void
 419configure(Client *c) {
 420	XConfigureEvent ce;
 421
 422	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 423	ce.display = dpy;
 424	ce.event = c->win;
 425	ce.window = c->win;
 426	ce.x = c->x;
 427	ce.y = c->y;
 428	ce.width = c->w;
 429	ce.height = c->h;
 430	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 431	ce.above = None;
 432	ce.override_redirect = False;
 433	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 434}
 435
 436void
 437configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 438	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 439
 440	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 441		sw = ev->width;
 442		sh = ev->height;
 443		setgeom(geom->symbol);
 444	}
 445}
 446
 447void
 448configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 449	Client *c;
 450	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 451	XWindowChanges wc;
 452
 453	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 454		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 455			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 456		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || lt->isfloating) {
 457			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 458				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 459			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 460				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 461			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 462				c->w = ev->width;
 463			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 464				c->h = ev->height;
 465			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 466				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 467			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 468				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 469			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 470			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 471				configure(c);
 472			if(isvisible(c))
 473				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 474		}
 475		else
 476			configure(c);
 477	}
 478	else {
 479		wc.x = ev->x;
 480		wc.y = ev->y;
 481		wc.width = ev->width;
 482		wc.height = ev->height;
 483		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 484		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 485		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 486		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 487	}
 488	XSync(dpy, False);
 489}
 490
 491unsigned int
 492counttiled(void) {
 493	unsigned int n;
 494	Client *c;
 495
 496	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
 497	return n;
 498}
 499
 500void
 501destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 502	Client *c;
 503	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 504
 505	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 506		unmanage(c);
 507}
 508
 509void
 510detach(Client *c) {
 511	if(c->prev)
 512		c->prev->next = c->next;
 513	if(c->next)
 514		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 515	if(c == clients)
 516		clients = c->next;
 517	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 518}
 519
 520void
 521detachstack(Client *c) {
 522	Client **tc;
 523
 524	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 525	*tc = c->snext;
 526}
 527
 528void
 529drawbar(void) {
 530	int i, x;
 531	Client *c;
 532
 533	dc.x = 0;
 534	if(bgw > 0) {
 535		dc.w = bgw;
 536		drawtext(geom->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 537		dc.x += bgw;
 538	}
 539	for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 540	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 541		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 542		if(tagset[seltags][i]) {
 543			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 544			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 545		}
 546		else {
 547			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 548			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 549		}
 550		dc.x += dc.w;
 551	}
 552	if(blw > 0) {
 553		dc.w = blw;
 554		drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 555		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 556	}
 557	else
 558		x = dc.x;
 559	dc.w = textw(stext);
 560	dc.x = bw - dc.w;
 561	if(dc.x < x) {
 562		dc.x = x;
 563		dc.w = bw - x;
 564	}
 565	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 566	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 567		dc.x = x;
 568		if(c) {
 569			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 570			drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 571		}
 572		else
 573			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 574	}
 575	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, bw, bh, 0, 0);
 576	XSync(dpy, False);
 577}
 578
 579void
 580drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 581	int x;
 582	XGCValues gcv;
 583	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 584
 585	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 586	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 587	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 588	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 589	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 590	if(filled) {
 591		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 592		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 593	}
 594	else if(empty) {
 595		r.width = r.height = x;
 596		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 597	}
 598}
 599
 600void
 601drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 602	int x, y, w, h;
 603	unsigned int len, olen;
 604	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 605	char buf[256];
 606
 607	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 608	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 609	if(!text)
 610		return;
 611	olen = strlen(text);
 612	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 613	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 614	w = 0;
 615	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 616	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 617	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 618	/* shorten text if necessary */
 619	for(; len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 620	if (!len)
 621		return;
 622	if(len < olen) {
 623		if(len > 1)
 624			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 625		if(len > 2)
 626			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 627		if(len > 3)
 628			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 629	}
 630	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 631	if(dc.font.set)
 632		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 633	else
 634		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 635}
 636
 637void *
 638emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 639	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 640
 641	if(!res)
 642		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 643	return res;
 644}
 645
 646void
 647enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 648	Client *c;
 649	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 650
 651	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 652		return;
 653	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 654		focus(c);
 655	else
 656		focus(NULL);
 657}
 658
 659void
 660eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 661	va_list ap;
 662
 663	va_start(ap, errstr);
 664	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 665	va_end(ap);
 666	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 667}
 668
 669void
 670expose(XEvent *e) {
 671	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 672
 673	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 674		drawbar();
 675}
 676
 677void
 678focus(Client *c) {
 679	if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 680		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 681	if(sel && sel != c) {
 682		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 683		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 684	}
 685	if(c) {
 686		detachstack(c);
 687		attachstack(c);
 688		grabbuttons(c, True);
 689	}
 690	sel = c;
 691	if(c) {
 692		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 693		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 694	}
 695	else
 696		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 697	drawbar();
 698}
 699
 700void
 701focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 702	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 703
 704	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 705		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 706}
 707
 708void
 709focusnext(const char *arg) {
 710	Client *c;
 711
 712	if(!sel)
 713		return;
 714	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 715	if(!c)
 716		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 717	if(c) {
 718		focus(c);
 719		restack();
 720	}
 721}
 722
 723void
 724focusprev(const char *arg) {
 725	Client *c;
 726
 727	if(!sel)
 728		return;
 729	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 730	if(!c) {
 731		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 732		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 733	}
 734	if(c) {
 735		focus(c);
 736		restack();
 737	}
 738}
 739
 740Client *
 741getclient(Window w) {
 742	Client *c;
 743
 744	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 745	return c;
 746}
 747
 748unsigned long
 749getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 750	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 751	XColor color;
 752
 753	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 754		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 755	return color.pixel;
 756}
 757
 758long
 759getstate(Window w) {
 760	int format, status;
 761	long result = -1;
 762	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 763	unsigned long n, extra;
 764	Atom real;
 765
 766	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 767			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 768	if(status != Success)
 769		return -1;
 770	if(n != 0)
 771		result = *p;
 772	XFree(p);
 773	return result;
 774}
 775
 776Bool
 777gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 778	char **list = NULL;
 779	int n;
 780	XTextProperty name;
 781
 782	if(!text || size == 0)
 783		return False;
 784	text[0] = '\0';
 785	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 786	if(!name.nitems)
 787		return False;
 788	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 789		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 790	else {
 791		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 792		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 793			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 794			XFreeStringList(list);
 795		}
 796	}
 797	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 798	XFree(name.value);
 799	return True;
 800}
 801
 802void
 803grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 804	int i, j;
 805	unsigned int buttons[]   = { Button1, Button2, Button3 };
 806	unsigned int modifiers[] = { MODKEY, MODKEY|LockMask, MODKEY|numlockmask,
 807	                             MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask} ;
 808
 809	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 810	if(focused)
 811		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 812			for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 813				XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i], modifiers[j], c->win, False,
 814				            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 815	else
 816		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 817		            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818}
 819
 820void
 821grabkeys(void)  {
 822	unsigned int i, j;
 823	KeyCode code;
 824	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 825
 826	/* init modifier map */
 827	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 828	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 829		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 830			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 831				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 832		}
 833	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 834
 835	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 836	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 837		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 838		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 839				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 840		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 841				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 842		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 843				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 844		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 845				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 846	}
 847}
 848
 849unsigned int
 850idxoftag(const char *t) {
 851	unsigned int i;
 852
 853	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && t && strcmp(tags[i], t); i++);
 854	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 855}
 856
 857void
 858initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 859	char *def, **missing;
 860	int i, n;
 861
 862	missing = NULL;
 863	if(dc.font.set)
 864		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 865	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 866	if(missing) {
 867		while(n--)
 868			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 869		XFreeStringList(missing);
 870	}
 871	if(dc.font.set) {
 872		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 873		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 874		char **font_names;
 875		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 876		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 877		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 878		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 879			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 880			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 881			xfonts++;
 882		}
 883	}
 884	else {
 885		if(dc.font.xfont)
 886			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 887		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 888		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 889		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 890			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 891		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 892		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 893	}
 894	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 895}
 896
 897Bool
 898isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 899	Client *c;
 900
 901	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 902		if(c->tags[t])
 903			return True;
 904	return False;
 905}
 906
 907Bool
 908isprotodel(Client *c) {
 909	int i, n;
 910	Atom *protocols;
 911	Bool ret = False;
 912
 913	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 914		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 915			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 916				ret = True;
 917		XFree(protocols);
 918	}
 919	return ret;
 920}
 921
 922Bool
 923isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 924	Client *c;
 925
 926	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 927		if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 928			return True;
 929	return False;
 930}
 931
 932Bool
 933isvisible(Client *c) {
 934	unsigned int i;
 935
 936	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 937		if(c->tags[i] && tagset[seltags][i])
 938			return True;
 939	return False;
 940}
 941
 942void
 943keypress(XEvent *e) {
 944	unsigned int i;
 945	KeySym keysym;
 946	XKeyEvent *ev;
 947
 948	ev = &e->xkey;
 949	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 950	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 951		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 952		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 953		{
 954			if(keys[i].func)
 955				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 956		}
 957}
 958
 959void
 960killclient(const char *arg) {
 961	XEvent ev;
 962
 963	if(!sel)
 964		return;
 965	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 966		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 967		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 968		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 969		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 970		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 971		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 972		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 973	}
 974	else
 975		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 976}
 977
 978void
 979manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 980	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 981	Status rettrans;
 982	Window trans;
 983	XWindowChanges wc;
 984
 985	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 986	c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
 987	c->win = w;
 988
 989	/* geometry */
 990	c->x = wa->x;
 991	c->y = wa->y;
 992	c->w = c->fw = wa->width;
 993	c->h = c->fh = wa->height;
 994	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 995	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 996		c->x = sx;
 997		c->y = sy;
 998		c->bw = wa->border_width;
 999	}
1000	else {
1001		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > wx + ww)
1002			c->x = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1003		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > wy + wh)
1004			c->y = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1005		c->x = MAX(c->x, wx);
1006		c->y = MAX(c->y, wy);
1007		c->bw = BORDERPX;
1008	}
1009	c->fx = c->x;
1010	c->fy = c->y;
1011
1012	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1013	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1014	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1015	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1016	updatesizehints(c);
1017	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1018	grabbuttons(c, False);
1019	updatetitle(c);
1020	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1021		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1022	if(t)
1023		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1024	else
1025		applyrules(c);
1026	if(!c->isfloating)
1027		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1028	attach(c);
1029	attachstack(c);
1030	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1031	ban(c);
1032	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1033	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1034	arrange();
1035}
1036
1037void
1038mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1039	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1040
1041	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1042	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1043		grabkeys();
1044}
1045
1046void
1047maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1048	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1049	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1050
1051	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1052		return;
1053	if(wa.override_redirect)
1054		return;
1055	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1056		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1057}
1058
1059void
1060monocle(void) {
1061	Client *c;
1062
1063	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1064		if((lt->isfloating || !c->isfloating) &&  isvisible(c))
1065			resize(c, mox, moy, mow - 2 * c->bw, moh - 2 * c->bw, RESIZEHINTS);
1066}
1067
1068void
1069movemouse(Client *c) {
1070	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1071	unsigned int dui;
1072	Window dummy;
1073	XEvent ev;
1074
1075	ocx = nx = c->x;
1076	ocy = ny = c->y;
1077	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1078			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1079		return;
1080	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1081	for(;;) {
1082		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1083		switch (ev.type) {
1084		case ButtonRelease:
1085			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1086			return;
1087		case ConfigureRequest:
1088		case Expose:
1089		case MapRequest:
1090			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1091			break;
1092		case MotionNotify:
1093			XSync(dpy, False);
1094			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1095			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1096			if(abs(wx - nx) < SNAP)
1097				nx = wx;
1098			else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < SNAP)
1099				nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1100			if(abs(wy - ny) < SNAP)
1101				ny = wy;
1102			else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < SNAP)
1103				ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1104			if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1105				togglefloating(NULL);
1106			if(lt->isfloating || c->isfloating) {
1107				c->fx = nx;
1108				c->fy = ny;
1109				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1110			}
1111			break;
1112		}
1113	}
1114}
1115
1116Client *
1117nexttiled(Client *c) {
1118	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1119	return c;
1120}
1121
1122void
1123propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1124	Client *c;
1125	Window trans;
1126	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1127
1128	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1129		return; /* ignore */
1130	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1131		switch (ev->atom) {
1132		default: break;
1133		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1134			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1135			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1136				arrange();
1137			break;
1138		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1139			updatesizehints(c);
1140			break;
1141		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1142			updatewmhints(c);
1143			drawbar();
1144			break;
1145		}
1146		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1147			updatetitle(c);
1148			if(c == sel)
1149				drawbar();
1150		}
1151	}
1152}
1153
1154void
1155quit(const char *arg) {
1156	readin = running = False;
1157}
1158
1159void
1160reapply(const char *arg) {
1161	Client *c;
1162
1163	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1164		memset(c->tags, 0, TAGSZ);
1165		applyrules(c);
1166	}
1167	arrange();
1168}
1169
1170void
1171resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1172	XWindowChanges wc;
1173
1174	if(sizehints) {
1175		/* set minimum possible */
1176		w = MAX(1, w);
1177		h = MAX(1, h);
1178
1179		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1180		w -= c->basew;
1181		h -= c->baseh;
1182
1183		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1184		if(c->minax != c->maxax && c->minay != c->maxay 
1185		&& c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0 && c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0)
1186		{
1187			if(w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1188				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1189			else if(w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1190				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1191		}
1192
1193		/* adjust for increment value */
1194		if(c->incw)
1195			w -= w % c->incw;
1196		if(c->inch)
1197			h -= h % c->inch;
1198
1199		/* restore base dimensions */
1200		w += c->basew;
1201		h += c->baseh;
1202
1203		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1204		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1205		
1206		if (c->maxw)
1207			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1208
1209		if (c->maxh)
1210			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1211	}
1212	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1213		return;
1214	if(x > sx + sw)
1215		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1216	if(y > sy + sh)
1217		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1218	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1219		x = sx;
1220	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1221		y = sy;
1222	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1223		c->x = wc.x = x;
1224		c->y = wc.y = y;
1225		c->w = wc.width = w;
1226		c->h = wc.height = h;
1227		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1228		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1229				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1230		configure(c);
1231		XSync(dpy, False);
1232	}
1233}
1234
1235void
1236resizemouse(Client *c) {
1237	int ocx, ocy;
1238	int nw, nh;
1239	XEvent ev;
1240
1241	ocx = c->x;
1242	ocy = c->y;
1243	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1244			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1245		return;
1246	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1247	for(;;) {
1248		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1249		switch(ev.type) {
1250		case ButtonRelease:
1251			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1252					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1253			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1254			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1255			return;
1256		case ConfigureRequest:
1257		case Expose:
1258		case MapRequest:
1259			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1260			break;
1261		case MotionNotify:
1262			XSync(dpy, False);
1263			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1264			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1265			if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP)) {
1266				c->fx = c->x;
1267				c->fy = c->y;
1268				togglefloating(NULL);
1269			}
1270			if((lt->isfloating) || c->isfloating) {
1271				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1272				c->fw = nw;
1273				c->fh = nh;
1274			}
1275			break;
1276		}
1277	}
1278}
1279
1280void
1281restack(void) {
1282	Client *c;
1283	XEvent ev;
1284	XWindowChanges wc;
1285
1286	drawbar();
1287	if(!sel)
1288		return;
1289	if(sel->isfloating || lt->isfloating)
1290		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1291	if(!lt->isfloating) {
1292		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1293		wc.sibling = barwin;
1294		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1295			if(!c->isfloating && isvisible(c)) {
1296				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1297				wc.sibling = c->win;
1298			}
1299	}
1300	XSync(dpy, False);
1301	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1302}
1303
1304void
1305run(void) {
1306	char *p;
1307	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1308	fd_set rd;
1309	int r, xfd;
1310	unsigned int len, offset;
1311	XEvent ev;
1312
1313	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1314	XSync(dpy, False);
1315	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1316	readin = True;
1317	offset = 0;
1318	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1319	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1320	while(running) {
1321		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1322		if(readin)
1323			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1324		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1325		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1326			if(errno == EINTR)
1327				continue;
1328			eprint("select failed\n");
1329		}
1330		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1331			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1332			case -1:
1333				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1334				readin = False;
1335				break;
1336			case 0:
1337				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1338				readin = False;
1339				break;
1340			default:
1341				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1342					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1343						*p = '\0';
1344						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1345						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1346						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1347						offset = r;
1348						if(r)
1349							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1350						break;
1351					}
1352				break;
1353			}
1354			drawbar();
1355		}
1356		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1357			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1358			if(handler[ev.type])
1359				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1360		}
1361	}
1362}
1363
1364void
1365scan(void) {
1366	unsigned int i, num;
1367	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1368	XWindowAttributes wa;
1369
1370	wins = NULL;
1371	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1372		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1373			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1374					|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1375				continue;
1376			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1377				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1378		}
1379		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1380			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1381				continue;
1382			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1383					&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1384				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1385		}
1386	}
1387	if(wins)
1388		XFree(wins);
1389}
1390
1391void
1392setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1393	long data[] = {state, None};
1394
1395	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1396			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1397}
1398
1399void
1400setgeom(const char *arg) {
1401	unsigned int i;
1402
1403	if(!arg) {
1404		if(++geom == &geoms[LENGTH(geoms)])
1405			geom = &geoms[0];
1406	}
1407	else {
1408		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(geoms); i++)
1409			if(!strcmp(geoms[i].symbol, arg))
1410				break;
1411		if(i == LENGTH(geoms))
1412			return;
1413		geom = &geoms[i];
1414	}
1415	geom->apply();
1416	updatebarpos();
1417	arrange();
1418}
1419
1420void
1421setlayout(const char *arg) {
1422	unsigned int i;
1423
1424	if(!arg) {
1425		if(++lt == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1426			lt = &layouts[0];
1427	}
1428	else {
1429		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1430			if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1431				break;
1432		if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1433			return;
1434		lt = &layouts[i];
1435	}
1436	if(sel)
1437		arrange();
1438	else
1439		drawbar();
1440}
1441
1442void
1443setmfact(const char *arg) {
1444	double d;
1445
1446	if(lt->isfloating)
1447		return;
1448	if(!arg)
1449		mfact = MFACT;
1450	else {
1451		d = strtod(arg, NULL);
1452		if(arg[0] == '-' || arg[0] == '+')
1453			d += mfact;
1454		if(d < 0.1 || d > 0.9)
1455			return;
1456		mfact = d;
1457	}
1458	setgeom(geom->symbol);
1459}
1460
1461void
1462setup(void) {
1463	unsigned int i, w;
1464	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1465
1466	/* init screen */
1467	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1468	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1469	initfont(FONT);
1470
1471	/* apply default geometry */
1472	sx = 0;
1473	sy = 0;
1474	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1475	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1476	bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1477	mfact = MFACT;
1478	geom->apply();
1479
1480	/* init atoms */
1481	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1482	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1483	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1484	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1485	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1486	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1487
1488	/* init cursors */
1489	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1490	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1491	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1492
1493	/* init appearance */
1494	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1495	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1496	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1497	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1498	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1499	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1500	initfont(FONT);
1501	dc.h = bh;
1502	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1503	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1504	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1505	if(!dc.font.set)
1506		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1507
1508	/* init tags */
1509	tagset[0] = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1510	tagset[1] = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1511	tagset[0][0] = tagset[1][0] = True;
1512
1513	/* init bar */
1514	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1515		w = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1516		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1517	}
1518	for(bgw = i = 0; LENGTH(geoms) > 1 && i < LENGTH(geoms); i++) {
1519		w = textw(geoms[i].symbol);
1520		bgw = MAX(bgw, w);
1521	}
1522
1523	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1524	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1525	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1526
1527	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, bx, by, bw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1528				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1529				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1530	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1531	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1532	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1533	drawbar();
1534
1535	/* EWMH support per view */
1536	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1537			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1538
1539	/* select for events */
1540	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1541			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1542	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1543	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1544
1545
1546	/* grab keys */
1547	grabkeys();
1548}
1549
1550void
1551spawn(const char *arg) {
1552	static char *shell = NULL;
1553
1554	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1555		shell = "/bin/sh";
1556	if(!arg)
1557		return;
1558	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1559	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1560	if(fork() == 0) {
1561		if(fork() == 0) {
1562			if(dpy)
1563				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1564			setsid();
1565			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1566			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1567			perror(" failed");
1568		}
1569		exit(0);
1570	}
1571	wait(0);
1572}
1573
1574void
1575tag(const char *arg) {
1576	unsigned int i;
1577
1578	if(!sel)
1579		return;
1580	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1581		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1582	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1583	arrange();
1584}
1585
1586unsigned int
1587textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1588	XRectangle r;
1589
1590	if(dc.font.set) {
1591		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1592		return r.width;
1593	}
1594	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1595}
1596
1597unsigned int
1598textw(const char *text) {
1599	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1600}
1601
1602void
1603tileh(void) {
1604	int x, w;
1605	unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1606	Client *c;
1607
1608	if(n == 0)
1609		return;
1610	c = tilemaster(n);
1611	if(--n == 0)
1612		return;
1613
1614	x = tx;
1615	w = tw / n;
1616	if(w < bh)
1617		w = tw;
1618
1619	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1620		if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1621			tileresize(c, x, ty, (tx + tw) - x - 2 * c->bw, th - 2 * c->bw);
1622		else
1623			tileresize(c, x, ty, w - 2 * c->bw, th - 2 * c->bw);
1624		if(w != tw)
1625			x = c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw;
1626	}
1627}
1628
1629Client *
1630tilemaster(unsigned int n) {
1631	Client *c = nexttiled(clients);
1632
1633	if(n == 1)
1634		tileresize(c, mox, moy, mow - 2 * c->bw, moh - 2 * c->bw);
1635	else
1636		tileresize(c, mx, my, mw - 2 * c->bw, mh - 2 * c->bw);
1637	return c;
1638}
1639
1640void
1641tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1642	resize(c, x, y, w, h, RESIZEHINTS);
1643	if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > h) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > w)))
1644		/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1645		resize(c, x, y, w, h, False);
1646}
1647
1648void
1649tilev(void) {
1650	int y, h;
1651	unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1652	Client *c;
1653
1654	if(n == 0)
1655		return;
1656	c = tilemaster(n);
1657	if(--n == 0)
1658		return;
1659
1660	y = ty;
1661	h = th / n;
1662	if(h < bh)
1663		h = th;
1664
1665	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1666		if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1667			tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->bw, (ty + th) - y - 2 * c->bw);
1668		else
1669			tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->bw, h - 2 * c->bw);
1670		if(h != th)
1671			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1672	}
1673}
1674
1675void
1676togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1677	if(!sel)
1678		return;
1679	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1680	if(sel->isfloating)
1681		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1682	arrange();
1683}
1684
1685void
1686toggletag(const char *arg) {
1687	unsigned int i, j;
1688
1689	if(!sel)
1690		return;
1691	i = idxoftag(arg);
1692	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1693	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1694	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1695		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1696	arrange();
1697}
1698
1699void
1700toggleview(const char *arg) {
1701	unsigned int i, j;
1702
1703	i = idxoftag(arg);
1704	tagset[seltags][i] = !tagset[seltags][i];
1705	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !tagset[seltags][j]; j++);
1706	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1707		tagset[seltags][i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1708	arrange();
1709}
1710
1711void
1712unban(Client *c) {
1713	if(!c->isbanned)
1714		return;
1715	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1716	c->isbanned = False;
1717}
1718
1719void
1720unmanage(Client *c) {
1721	XWindowChanges wc;
1722
1723	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1724	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1725	XGrabServer(dpy);
1726	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1727	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1728	detach(c);
1729	detachstack(c);
1730	if(sel == c)
1731		focus(NULL);
1732	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1733	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1734	free(c->tags);
1735	free(c);
1736	XSync(dpy, False);
1737	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1738	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1739	arrange();
1740}
1741
1742void
1743unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1744	Client *c;
1745	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1746
1747	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1748		unmanage(c);
1749}
1750
1751void
1752updatebarpos(void) {
1753
1754	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1755		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1756	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, bw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1757	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, bx, by, bw, bh);
1758}
1759
1760void
1761updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1762	long msize;
1763	XSizeHints size;
1764
1765	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1766		size.flags = PSize;
1767	c->flags = size.flags;
1768	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1769		c->basew = size.base_width;
1770		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1771	}
1772	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1773		c->basew = size.min_width;
1774		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1775	}
1776	else
1777		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1778	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1779		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1780		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1781	}
1782	else
1783		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1784	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1785		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1786		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1787	}
1788	else
1789		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1790	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1791		c->minw = size.min_width;
1792		c->minh = size.min_height;
1793	}
1794	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1795		c->minw = size.base_width;
1796		c->minh = size.base_height;
1797	}
1798	else
1799		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1800	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1801		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1802		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1803		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1804		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1805	}
1806	else
1807		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1808	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1809			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1810}
1811
1812void
1813updatetitle(Client *c) {
1814	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1815		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1816}
1817
1818void
1819updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1820	XWMHints *wmh;
1821
1822	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1823		if(c == sel)
1824			sel->isurgent = False;
1825		else
1826			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1827		XFree(wmh);
1828	}
1829}
1830
1831void
1832view(const char *arg) {
1833	seltags ^= 1;
1834	memset(tagset[seltags], (NULL == arg), TAGSZ);
1835	tagset[seltags][idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1836	arrange();
1837}
1838
1839void
1840viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1841	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1842	arrange();
1843}
1844
1845/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1846 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1847 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1848int
1849xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1850	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1851	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1852	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1853	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1854	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1855	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1856	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1857	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1858	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1859		return 0;
1860	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1861		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1862	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1863}
1864
1865int
1866xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1867	return 0;
1868}
1869
1870/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1871 * is already running. */
1872int
1873xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1874	otherwm = True;
1875	return -1;
1876}
1877
1878void
1879zoom(const char *arg) {
1880	Client *c = sel;
1881
1882	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1883		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1884			return;
1885	if(!lt->isfloating && !sel->isfloating) {
1886		detach(c);
1887		attach(c);
1888		focus(c);
1889	}
1890	arrange();
1891}
1892
1893int
1894main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1895	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1896		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1897	else if(argc != 1)
1898		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1899
1900	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1901	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1902		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1903
1904	checkotherwm();
1905	setup();
1906	scan();
1907	run();
1908	cleanup();
1909
1910	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1911	return 0;
1912}
1913