1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <stdarg.h>
  28#include <stdio.h>
  29#include <stdlib.h>
  30#include <string.h>
  31#include <unistd.h>
  32#include <sys/select.h>
  33#include <sys/types.h>
  34#include <sys/wait.h>
  35#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  36#include <X11/keysym.h>
  37#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  38#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  39#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  40#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  41#ifdef XINERAMA
  42#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  43#endif
  44
  45/* macros */
  46#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  47#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  48#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  49#define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  50#define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  51#define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  52#define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  53#define MAXTAGLEN               16
  54#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  55#define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56#define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58/* enums */
  59enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  63enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66typedef union {
  67	int i;
  68	unsigned int ui;
  69	float f;
  70	void *v;
  71} Arg;
  72
  73typedef struct {
  74	unsigned int click;
  75	unsigned int mask;
  76	unsigned int button;
  77	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78	const Arg arg;
  79} Button;
  80
  81typedef struct Client Client;
  82struct Client {
  83	char name[256];
  84	float mina, maxa;
  85	int x, y, w, h;
  86	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87	int bw, oldbw;
  88	unsigned int tags;
  89	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90	Client *next;
  91	Client *snext;
  92	Window win;
  93};
  94
  95typedef struct {
  96	int x, y, w, h;
  97	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  98	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  99	Drawable drawable;
 100	GC gc;
 101	struct {
 102		int ascent;
 103		int descent;
 104		int height;
 105		XFontSet set;
 106		XFontStruct *xfont;
 107	} font;
 108} DC; /* draw context */
 109
 110typedef struct {
 111	unsigned int mod;
 112	KeySym keysym;
 113	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 114	const Arg arg;
 115} Key;
 116
 117typedef struct {
 118	const char *symbol;
 119	void (*arrange)(void);
 120} Layout;
 121
 122typedef struct {
 123	const char *class;
 124	const char *instance;
 125	const char *title;
 126	unsigned int tags;
 127	Bool isfloating;
 128} Rule;
 129
 130/* function declarations */
 131static void applyrules(Client *c);
 132static void arrange(void);
 133static void attach(Client *c);
 134static void attachstack(Client *c);
 135static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 136static void checkotherwm(void);
 137static void cleanup(void);
 138static void clearurgent(void);
 139static void configure(Client *c);
 140static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 141static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 142static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 143static void detach(Client *c);
 144static void detachstack(Client *c);
 145static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 146static void drawbar(void);
 147static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 148static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 149static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 150static void expose(XEvent *e);
 151static void focus(Client *c);
 152static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 153static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 154static Client *getclient(Window w);
 155static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 156static long getstate(Window w);
 157static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 158static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 159static void grabkeys(void);
 160static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 161static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 162static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 163static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 164static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 165static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 166static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 167static void monocle(void);
 168static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 169static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 170static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 171static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 172static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 173static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 174static void restack(void);
 175static void run(void);
 176static void scan(void);
 177static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 178static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 179static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 180static void setup(void);
 181static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 182static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 183static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 184static void tile(void);
 185static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 186static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 187static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 188static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 189static void unmanage(Client *c);
 190static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 191static void updatebar(void);
 192static void updategeom(void);
 193static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 194static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 195static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 196static void view(const Arg *arg);
 197static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 198static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 199static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 200static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 201
 202/* variables */
 203static char stext[256];
 204static int screen;
 205static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* display geometry x, y, width, height */ 
 206static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 207static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 208static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 209static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 210static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 211static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 212	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 213	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 214	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 215	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 216	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 217	[Expose] = expose,
 218	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 219	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 220	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 221	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 222	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 223	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 224};
 225static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 226static Bool otherwm;
 227static Bool running = True;
 228static unsigned int tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 229static Client *clients = NULL;
 230static Client *sel = NULL;
 231static Client *stack = NULL;
 232static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 233static Display *dpy;
 234static DC dc = {0};
 235static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 236static Window root, barwin;
 237/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 238#include "config.h"
 239
 240/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 241struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 242
 243/* function implementations */
 244void
 245applyrules(Client *c) {
 246	unsigned int i;
 247	Rule *r;
 248	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 249
 250	/* rule matching */
 251	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 252	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 253		r = &rules[i];
 254		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 255		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 256		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 257			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 258			c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 259		}
 260	}
 261	if(ch.res_class)
 262		XFree(ch.res_class);
 263	if(ch.res_name)
 264		XFree(ch.res_name);
 265	if(!c->tags)
 266		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 267}
 268
 269void
 270arrange(void) {
 271	Client *c;
 272
 273	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 274		if(ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 275			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 276			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 277				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 278		}
 279		else {
 280			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 281		}
 282
 283	focus(NULL);
 284	if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 285		lt[sellt]->arrange();
 286	restack();
 287}
 288
 289void
 290attach(Client *c) {
 291	c->next = clients;
 292	clients = c;
 293}
 294
 295void
 296attachstack(Client *c) {
 297	c->snext = stack;
 298	stack = c;
 299}
 300
 301void
 302buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 303	unsigned int i, x, click;
 304	Arg arg = {0};
 305	Client *c;
 306	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 307
 308	click = ClkRootWin;
 309	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 310		i = x = 0;
 311		do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 312		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 313			click = ClkTagBar;
 314			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 315		}
 316		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 317			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 318		else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 319			click = ClkStatusText;
 320		else
 321			click = ClkWinTitle;
 322	}
 323	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 324		focus(c);
 325		click = ClkClientWin;
 326	}
 327
 328	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 329		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 330		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 331			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 332}
 333
 334void
 335checkotherwm(void) {
 336	otherwm = False;
 337	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 338
 339	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 340	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 341	XSync(dpy, False);
 342	if(otherwm)
 343		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 344	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 345	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 346	XSync(dpy, False);
 347}
 348
 349void
 350cleanup(void) {
 351	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 352	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 353
 354	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 355	view(&a);
 356	lt[sellt] = &foo;
 357	while(stack)
 358		unmanage(stack);
 359	if(dc.font.set)
 360		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 361	else
 362		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 363	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 364	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 365	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 366	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 367	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 368	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 369	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 370	XSync(dpy, False);
 371	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 372}
 373
 374void
 375clearurgent(void) {
 376	XWMHints *wmh;
 377	Client *c;
 378
 379	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 380		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && c->isurgent) {
 381			c->isurgent = False;
 382			if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 383				continue;
 384
 385			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 386			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 387			XFree(wmh);
 388		}
 389}
 390
 391void
 392configure(Client *c) {
 393	XConfigureEvent ce;
 394
 395	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 396	ce.display = dpy;
 397	ce.event = c->win;
 398	ce.window = c->win;
 399	ce.x = c->x;
 400	ce.y = c->y;
 401	ce.width = c->w;
 402	ce.height = c->h;
 403	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 404	ce.above = None;
 405	ce.override_redirect = False;
 406	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 407}
 408
 409void
 410configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 411	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 412
 413	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 414		sw = ev->width;
 415		sh = ev->height;
 416		updategeom();
 417		updatebar();
 418		arrange();
 419	}
 420}
 421
 422void
 423configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 424	Client *c;
 425	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 426	XWindowChanges wc;
 427
 428	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 429		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 430			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 431		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 432			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 433				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 434			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 435				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 436			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 437				c->w = ev->width;
 438			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 439				c->h = ev->height;
 440			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 441				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 442			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 443				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 444			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 445				configure(c);
 446			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 447				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 448		}
 449		else
 450			configure(c);
 451	}
 452	else {
 453		wc.x = ev->x;
 454		wc.y = ev->y;
 455		wc.width = ev->width;
 456		wc.height = ev->height;
 457		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 458		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 459		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 460		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 461	}
 462	XSync(dpy, False);
 463}
 464
 465void
 466destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 467	Client *c;
 468	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 469
 470	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 471		unmanage(c);
 472}
 473
 474void
 475detach(Client *c) {
 476	Client **tc;
 477
 478	for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 479	*tc = c->next;
 480}
 481
 482void
 483detachstack(Client *c) {
 484	Client **tc;
 485
 486	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 487	*tc = c->snext;
 488}
 489
 490void
 491die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 492	va_list ap;
 493
 494	va_start(ap, errstr);
 495	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 496	va_end(ap);
 497	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 498}
 499
 500void
 501drawbar(void) {
 502	int x;
 503	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 504	unsigned long *col;
 505	Client *c;
 506
 507	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 508		occ |= c->tags;
 509		if(c->isurgent)
 510			urg |= c->tags;
 511	}
 512
 513	dc.x = 0;
 514	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 515		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 516		col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 517		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 518		drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 519		dc.x += dc.w;
 520	}
 521	if(blw > 0) {
 522		dc.w = blw;
 523		drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 524		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 525	}
 526	else
 527		x = dc.x;
 528	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 529	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 530	if(dc.x < x) {
 531		dc.x = x;
 532		dc.w = ww - x;
 533	}
 534	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 535	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 536		dc.x = x;
 537		if(sel) {
 538			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 539			drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 540		}
 541		else
 542			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 543	}
 544	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 545	XSync(dpy, False);
 546}
 547
 548void
 549drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 550	int x;
 551	XGCValues gcv;
 552	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 553
 554	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 555	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 556	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 557	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 558	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 559	if(filled) {
 560		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 561		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 562	}
 563	else if(empty) {
 564		r.width = r.height = x;
 565		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 566	}
 567}
 568
 569void
 570drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 571	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 572	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 573	char buf[256];
 574
 575	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 576	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 577	if(!text)
 578		return;
 579	olen = strlen(text);
 580	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 581	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 582	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 583	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 584	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 585	/* shorten text if necessary */
 586	for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 587	if(!len)
 588		return;
 589	if(len < olen)
 590		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 591	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 592	if(dc.font.set)
 593		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 594	else
 595		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 596}
 597
 598void
 599enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 600	Client *c;
 601	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 602
 603	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 604		return;
 605	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 606		focus(c);
 607	else
 608		focus(NULL);
 609}
 610
 611void
 612expose(XEvent *e) {
 613	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 614
 615	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 616		drawbar();
 617}
 618
 619void
 620focus(Client *c) {
 621	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 622		for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 623	if(sel && sel != c) {
 624		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 625		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 626	}
 627	if(c) {
 628		detachstack(c);
 629		attachstack(c);
 630		grabbuttons(c, True);
 631		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 632		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 633	}
 634	else
 635		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 636	sel = c;
 637	drawbar();
 638}
 639
 640void
 641focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 642	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 643
 644	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 645		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 646}
 647
 648void
 649focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 650	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 651
 652	if(!sel)
 653		return;
 654	if (arg->i > 0) {
 655		for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 656		if(!c)
 657			for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 658	}
 659	else {
 660		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 661			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 662				c = i;
 663		if(!c)
 664			for(; i; i = i->next)
 665				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 666					c = i;
 667	}
 668	if(c) {
 669		focus(c);
 670		restack();
 671	}
 672}
 673
 674Client *
 675getclient(Window w) {
 676	Client *c;
 677
 678	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 679	return c;
 680}
 681
 682unsigned long
 683getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 684	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 685	XColor color;
 686
 687	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 688		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 689	return color.pixel;
 690}
 691
 692long
 693getstate(Window w) {
 694	int format, status;
 695	long result = -1;
 696	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 697	unsigned long n, extra;
 698	Atom real;
 699
 700	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 701			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 702	if(status != Success)
 703		return -1;
 704	if(n != 0)
 705		result = *p;
 706	XFree(p);
 707	return result;
 708}
 709
 710Bool
 711gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 712	char **list = NULL;
 713	int n;
 714	XTextProperty name;
 715
 716	if(!text || size == 0)
 717		return False;
 718	text[0] = '\0';
 719	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 720	if(!name.nitems)
 721		return False;
 722	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 723		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 724	else {
 725		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 726		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 727			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 728			XFreeStringList(list);
 729		}
 730	}
 731	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 732	XFree(name.value);
 733	return True;
 734}
 735
 736void
 737grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 738	unsigned int i, j;
 739	unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 740
 741	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 742	if(focused) {
 743		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 744			if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 745				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 746					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 747	} else
 748		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 749		            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 750}
 751
 752void
 753grabkeys(void) {
 754	unsigned int i, j;
 755	unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 756	KeyCode code;
 757	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 758
 759	/* init modifier map */
 760	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 761	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 762		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 763			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 764				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 765		}
 766	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 767
 768	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 769	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 770		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 771		for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 772			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root, True,
 773			         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 774	}
 775}
 776
 777void
 778initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 779	char *def, **missing;
 780	int i, n;
 781
 782	missing = NULL;
 783	if(dc.font.set)
 784		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 785	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 786	if(missing) {
 787		while(n--)
 788			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 789		XFreeStringList(missing);
 790	}
 791	if(dc.font.set) {
 792		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 793		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 794		char **font_names;
 795		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 796		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 797		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 798		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 799			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 800			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 801			xfonts++;
 802		}
 803	}
 804	else {
 805		if(dc.font.xfont)
 806			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 807		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 808		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 809		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 810			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 811		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 812		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 813	}
 814	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 815}
 816
 817Bool
 818isprotodel(Client *c) {
 819	int i, n;
 820	Atom *protocols;
 821	Bool ret = False;
 822
 823	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 824		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 825			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 826				ret = True;
 827		XFree(protocols);
 828	}
 829	return ret;
 830}
 831
 832void
 833keypress(XEvent *e) {
 834	unsigned int i;
 835	KeySym keysym;
 836	XKeyEvent *ev;
 837
 838	ev = &e->xkey;
 839	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 840	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 841		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 842		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 843		   && keys[i].func)
 844			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 845}
 846
 847void
 848killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 849	XEvent ev;
 850
 851	if(!sel)
 852		return;
 853	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 854		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 855		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 856		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 857		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 858		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 859		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 860		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 861	}
 862	else
 863		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 864}
 865
 866void
 867manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 868	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 869	Window trans = 0;
 870	XWindowChanges wc;
 871
 872	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 873		die("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 874	c->win = w;
 875
 876	/* geometry */
 877	c->x = wa->x;
 878	c->y = wa->y;
 879	c->w = wa->width;
 880	c->h = wa->height;
 881	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 882	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 883		c->x = sx;
 884		c->y = sy;
 885		c->bw = 0;
 886	}
 887	else {
 888		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 889			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 890		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 891			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 892		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 893		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 894		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 895		c->bw = borderpx;
 896	}
 897
 898	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 899	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 900	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 901	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 902	updatesizehints(c);
 903	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 904	grabbuttons(c, False);
 905	updatetitle(c);
 906	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 907		t = getclient(trans);
 908	if(t)
 909		c->tags = t->tags;
 910	else
 911		applyrules(c);
 912	if(!c->isfloating)
 913		c->isfloating = trans || c->isfixed;
 914	if(c->isfloating)
 915		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 916	attach(c);
 917	attachstack(c);
 918	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 919	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 920	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 921	arrange();
 922}
 923
 924void
 925mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 926	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 927
 928	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 929	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 930		grabkeys();
 931}
 932
 933void
 934maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 935	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 936	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 937
 938	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 939		return;
 940	if(wa.override_redirect)
 941		return;
 942	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 943		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 944}
 945
 946void
 947monocle(void) {
 948	Client *c;
 949
 950	for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 951		resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 952}
 953
 954void
 955movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 956	int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 957	unsigned int dui;
 958	Client *c;
 959	Window dummy;
 960	XEvent ev;
 961
 962	if(!(c = sel))
 963		return;
 964	restack();
 965	ocx = nx = c->x;
 966	ocy = ny = c->y;
 967	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 968	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 969		return;
 970	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 971	for(;;) {
 972		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 973		switch (ev.type) {
 974		case ButtonRelease:
 975			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 976			return;
 977		case ConfigureRequest:
 978		case Expose:
 979		case MapRequest:
 980			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 981			break;
 982		case MotionNotify:
 983			XSync(dpy, False);
 984			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 985			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 986			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 987			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 988				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 989					nx = wx;
 990				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 991					nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 992				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 993					ny = wy;
 994				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 995					ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 996				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 997					togglefloating(NULL);
 998			}
 999			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1000				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1001			break;
1002		}
1003	}
1004}
1005
1006Client *
1007nexttiled(Client *c) {
1008	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1009	return c;
1010}
1011
1012void
1013propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1014	Client *c;
1015	Window trans;
1016	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1017
1018	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1019		return; /* ignore */
1020	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1021		switch (ev->atom) {
1022		default: break;
1023		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1024			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1025			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1026				arrange();
1027			break;
1028		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1029			updatesizehints(c);
1030			break;
1031		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1032			updatewmhints(c);
1033			drawbar();
1034			break;
1035		}
1036		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1037			updatetitle(c);
1038			if(c == sel)
1039				drawbar();
1040		}
1041	}
1042}
1043
1044void
1045quit(const Arg *arg) {
1046	readin = running = False;
1047}
1048
1049void
1050resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1051	XWindowChanges wc;
1052
1053	if(sizehints) {
1054		/* set minimum possible */
1055		w = MAX(1, w);
1056		h = MAX(1, h);
1057
1058		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1059		w -= c->basew;
1060		h -= c->baseh;
1061
1062		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1063		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1064			if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1065				w = h * c->maxa;
1066			else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1067				h = w * c->mina;
1068		}
1069
1070		/* adjust for increment value */
1071		if(c->incw)
1072			w -= w % c->incw;
1073		if(c->inch)
1074			h -= h % c->inch;
1075
1076		/* restore base dimensions */
1077		w += c->basew;
1078		h += c->baseh;
1079
1080		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1081		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1082
1083		if(c->maxw)
1084			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1085
1086		if(c->maxh)
1087			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1088	}
1089	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1090		return;
1091	if(x > sx + sw)
1092		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1093	if(y > sy + sh)
1094		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1095	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1096		x = sx;
1097	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1098		y = sy;
1099	if(h < bh)
1100		h = bh;
1101	if(w < bh)
1102		w = bh;
1103	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1104		c->x = wc.x = x;
1105		c->y = wc.y = y;
1106		c->w = wc.width = w;
1107		c->h = wc.height = h;
1108		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1109		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1110				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1111		configure(c);
1112		XSync(dpy, False);
1113	}
1114}
1115
1116void
1117resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1118	int ocx, ocy;
1119	int nw, nh;
1120	Client *c;
1121	XEvent ev;
1122
1123	if(!(c = sel))
1124		return;
1125	restack();
1126	ocx = c->x;
1127	ocy = c->y;
1128	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1129	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1130		return;
1131	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1132	for(;;) {
1133		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1134		switch(ev.type) {
1135		case ButtonRelease:
1136			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1137					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1138			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1139			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1140			return;
1141		case ConfigureRequest:
1142		case Expose:
1143		case MapRequest:
1144			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1145			break;
1146		case MotionNotify:
1147			XSync(dpy, False);
1148			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1149			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1150
1151			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1152			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1153				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1154				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1155					togglefloating(NULL);
1156			}
1157			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1158				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1159			break;
1160		}
1161	}
1162}
1163
1164void
1165restack(void) {
1166	Client *c;
1167	XEvent ev;
1168	XWindowChanges wc;
1169
1170	drawbar();
1171	if(!sel)
1172		return;
1173	if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1174		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1175	if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1176		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1177		wc.sibling = barwin;
1178		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1179			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1180				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1181				wc.sibling = c->win;
1182			}
1183	}
1184	XSync(dpy, False);
1185	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1186}
1187
1188void
1189run(void) {
1190	char *p;
1191	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1192	fd_set rd;
1193	int r, xfd;
1194	unsigned int len, offset;
1195	XEvent ev;
1196
1197	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1198	XSync(dpy, False);
1199	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1200	offset = 0;
1201	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1202	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1203	while(running) {
1204		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1205		if(readin)
1206			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1207		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1208		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1209			if(errno == EINTR)
1210				continue;
1211			die("select failed\n");
1212		}
1213		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1214			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1215			case -1:
1216				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1217				readin = False;
1218				break;
1219			case 0:
1220				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1221				readin = False;
1222				break;
1223			default:
1224				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1225					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1226						*p = '\0';
1227						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1228						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1229						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1230						offset = r;
1231						if(r)
1232							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1233						break;
1234					}
1235				break;
1236			}
1237			drawbar();
1238		}
1239		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1240			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1241			if(handler[ev.type])
1242				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1243		}
1244	}
1245}
1246
1247void
1248scan(void) {
1249	unsigned int i, num;
1250	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1251	XWindowAttributes wa;
1252
1253	wins = NULL;
1254	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1255		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1256			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1257			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1258				continue;
1259			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1260				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1261		}
1262		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1263			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1264				continue;
1265			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1266			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1267				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1268		}
1269	}
1270	if(wins)
1271		XFree(wins);
1272}
1273
1274void
1275setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1276	long data[] = {state, None};
1277
1278	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1279			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1280}
1281
1282void
1283setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1284	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1285		sellt ^= 1;
1286	if(arg && arg->v)
1287		lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1288	if(sel)
1289		arrange();
1290	else
1291		drawbar();
1292}
1293
1294/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1295void
1296setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1297	float f;
1298
1299	if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1300		return;
1301	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1302	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1303		return;
1304	mfact = f;
1305	arrange();
1306}
1307
1308void
1309setup(void) {
1310	unsigned int i;
1311	int w;
1312	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1313
1314	/* init screen */
1315	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1316	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1317	initfont(font);
1318	sx = 0;
1319	sy = 0;
1320	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1321	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1322	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1323	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1324	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1325	updategeom();
1326
1327	/* init atoms */
1328	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1329	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1330	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1331	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1332	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1333	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1334
1335	/* init cursors */
1336	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1337	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1338	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1339
1340	/* init appearance */
1341	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1342	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1343	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1344	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1345	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1346	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1347	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1348	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1349	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1350	if(!dc.font.set)
1351		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1352
1353	/* init bar */
1354	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1355		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1356		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1357	}
1358
1359	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1360	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1361	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1362
1363	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1364			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1365			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1366	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1367	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1368	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1369	drawbar();
1370
1371	/* EWMH support per view */
1372	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1373			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1374
1375	/* select for events */
1376	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1377			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1378	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1379	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1380
1381
1382	/* grab keys */
1383	grabkeys();
1384}
1385
1386void
1387spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1388	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1389	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1390	if(fork() == 0) {
1391		if(fork() == 0) {
1392			if(dpy)
1393				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1394			setsid();
1395			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1396			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1397			perror(" failed");
1398		}
1399		exit(0);
1400	}
1401	wait(0);
1402}
1403
1404void
1405tag(const Arg *arg) {
1406	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1407		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1408		arrange();
1409	}
1410}
1411
1412int
1413textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1414	XRectangle r;
1415
1416	if(dc.font.set) {
1417		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1418		return r.width;
1419	}
1420	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1421}
1422
1423void
1424tile(void) {
1425	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1426	unsigned int i, n;
1427	Client *c;
1428
1429	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1430	if(n == 0)
1431		return;
1432
1433	/* master */
1434	c = nexttiled(clients);
1435	mw = mfact * ww;
1436	resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1437
1438	if(--n == 0)
1439		return;
1440
1441	/* tile stack */
1442	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1443	y = wy;
1444	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1445	h = wh / n;
1446	if(h < bh)
1447		h = wh;
1448
1449	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1450		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1451		       ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1452		if(h != wh)
1453			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1454	}
1455}
1456
1457void
1458togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1459	showbar = !showbar;
1460	updategeom();
1461	updatebar();
1462	arrange();
1463}
1464
1465void
1466togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1467	if(!sel)
1468		return;
1469	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1470	if(sel->isfloating)
1471		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1472	arrange();
1473}
1474
1475void
1476toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1477	unsigned int mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1478
1479	if(sel && mask) {
1480		sel->tags = mask;
1481		arrange();
1482	}
1483}
1484
1485void
1486toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1487	unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1488
1489	if(mask) {
1490		tagset[seltags] = mask;
1491		clearurgent();
1492		arrange();
1493	}
1494}
1495
1496void
1497unmanage(Client *c) {
1498	XWindowChanges wc;
1499
1500	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1501	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1502	XGrabServer(dpy);
1503	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1504	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1505	detach(c);
1506	detachstack(c);
1507	if(sel == c)
1508		focus(NULL);
1509	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1510	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1511	free(c);
1512	XSync(dpy, False);
1513	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1514	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1515	arrange();
1516}
1517
1518void
1519unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1520	Client *c;
1521	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1522
1523	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1524		unmanage(c);
1525}
1526
1527void
1528updatebar(void) {
1529	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1530		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1531	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1532	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1533}
1534
1535void
1536updategeom(void) {
1537#ifdef XINERAMA
1538	int n, i = 0;
1539	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1540
1541	/* window area geometry */
1542	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) { 
1543		if(n > 1) {
1544			int di, x, y;
1545			unsigned int dui;
1546			Window dummy;
1547			if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1548				for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1549					if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1550						break;
1551		}
1552		wx = info[i].x_org;
1553		wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1554		ww = info[i].width;
1555		wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1556		XFree(info);
1557	}
1558	else
1559#endif
1560	{
1561		wx = sx;
1562		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1563		ww = sw;
1564		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1565	}
1566
1567	/* bar position */
1568	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1569}
1570
1571void
1572updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1573	long msize;
1574	XSizeHints size;
1575
1576	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1577	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1578		c->basew = size.base_width;
1579		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1580	}
1581	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1582		c->basew = size.min_width;
1583		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1584	}
1585	else
1586		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1587	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1588		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1589		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1590	}
1591	else
1592		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1593	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1594		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1595		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1596	}
1597	else
1598		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1599	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1600		c->minw = size.min_width;
1601		c->minh = size.min_height;
1602	}
1603	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1604		c->minw = size.base_width;
1605		c->minh = size.base_height;
1606	}
1607	else
1608		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1609	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1610		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1611		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1612	}
1613	else
1614		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1615	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1616			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1617}
1618
1619void
1620updatetitle(Client *c) {
1621	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1622		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1623}
1624
1625void
1626updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1627	XWMHints *wmh;
1628
1629	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1630		if(ISVISIBLE(c) && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1631			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1632			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1633		}
1634		else
1635			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1636
1637		XFree(wmh);
1638	}
1639}
1640
1641void
1642view(const Arg *arg) {
1643	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1644		return;
1645	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1646	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1647		tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1648	clearurgent();
1649	arrange();
1650}
1651
1652/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1653 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1654 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1655int
1656xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1657	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1658	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1659	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1660	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1663	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1664	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1666		return 0;
1667	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1668			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1669	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1670}
1671
1672int
1673xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1674	return 0;
1675}
1676
1677/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1678 * is already running. */
1679int
1680xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1681	otherwm = True;
1682	return -1;
1683}
1684
1685void
1686zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1687	Client *c = sel;
1688
1689	if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1690		return;
1691	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1692		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1693			return;
1694	detach(c);
1695	attach(c);
1696	focus(c);
1697	arrange();
1698}
1699
1700int
1701main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1702	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1703		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1704	else if(argc != 1)
1705		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1706
1707	if(!XSupportsLocale())
1708		fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1709
1710	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1711		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1712
1713	checkotherwm();
1714	setup();
1715	scan();
1716	run();
1717	cleanup();
1718
1719	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1720	return 0;
1721}