1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21 * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22 * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23 *
  24 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25 *
  26 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27 */
  28#include <errno.h>
  29#include <locale.h>
  30#include <stdarg.h>
  31#include <stdio.h>
  32#include <stdlib.h>
  33#include <string.h>
  34#include <unistd.h>
  35#include <sys/select.h>
  36#include <sys/types.h>
  37#include <sys/wait.h>
  38#include <regex.h>
  39#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  40#include <X11/keysym.h>
  41#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  42#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  43#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  44#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  48#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  49#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51/* enums */
  52enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };			/* bar position */
  53enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  54enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  55enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  56enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  57
  58/* typedefs */
  59typedef struct Client Client;
  60struct Client {
  61	char name[256];
  62	int x, y, w, h;
  63	int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  64	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  65	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  66	long flags;
  67	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  68	Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  69	Bool *tags;
  70	Client *next;
  71	Client *prev;
  72	Client *snext;
  73	Window win;
  74};
  75
  76typedef struct {
  77	int x, y, w, h;
  78	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  79	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  80	Drawable drawable;
  81	GC gc;
  82	struct {
  83		int ascent;
  84		int descent;
  85		int height;
  86		XFontSet set;
  87		XFontStruct *xfont;
  88	} font;
  89} DC; /* draw context */
  90
  91typedef struct {
  92	unsigned long mod;
  93	KeySym keysym;
  94	void (*func)(const char *arg);
  95	const char *arg;
  96} Key;
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	const char *symbol;
 100	void (*arrange)(void);
 101} Layout;
 102
 103typedef struct {
 104	const char *prop;
 105	const char *tags;
 106	Bool isfloating;
 107} Rule;
 108
 109typedef struct {
 110	regex_t *propregex;
 111	regex_t *tagregex;
 112} Regs;
 113
 114/* function declarations */
 115void applyrules(Client *c);
 116void arrange(void);
 117void attach(Client *c);
 118void attachstack(Client *c);
 119void ban(Client *c);
 120void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 121void checkotherwm(void);
 122void cleanup(void);
 123void compileregs(void);
 124void configure(Client *c);
 125void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 126void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 127void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 128void detach(Client *c);
 129void detachstack(Client *c);
 130void drawbar(void);
 131void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 134void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 135void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 136void expose(XEvent *e);
 137void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 138void focus(Client *c);
 139void focusnext(const char *arg);
 140void focusprev(const char *arg);
 141Client *getclient(Window w);
 142unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 143long getstate(Window w);
 144Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 148Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 149Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 150Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 151void keypress(XEvent *e);
 152void killclient(const char *arg);
 153void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 154void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 155void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 156void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 157void movemouse(Client *c);
 158Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 159void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 160void quit(const char *arg);
 161void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 162void resizemouse(Client *c);
 163void restack(void);
 164void run(void);
 165void scan(void);
 166void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 167void setlayout(const char *arg);
 168void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 169void setup(void);
 170void spawn(const char *arg);
 171void tag(const char *arg);
 172unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 173unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 174void tile(void);
 175void togglebar(const char *arg);
 176void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 177void togglemax(const char *arg);
 178void toggletag(const char *arg);
 179void toggleview(const char *arg);
 180void unban(Client *c);
 181void unmanage(Client *c);
 182void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 183void updatebarpos(void);
 184void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 185void updatetitle(Client *c);
 186void view(const char *arg);
 187void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 188int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191void zoom(const char *arg);
 192
 193/* variables */
 194char stext[256];
 195double mwfact;
 196int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 197int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 198unsigned int bh, bpos;
 199unsigned int blw = 0;
 200unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 201void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 202	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 203	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 204	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 205	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 206	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 207	[LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 208	[Expose] = expose,
 209	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 210	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 211	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 212	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 213	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 214};
 215Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 216Bool domwfact = True;
 217Bool dozoom = True;
 218Bool otherwm, readin;
 219Bool running = True;
 220Bool selscreen = True;
 221Client *clients = NULL;
 222Client *sel = NULL;
 223Client *stack = NULL;
 224Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 225Display *dpy;
 226DC dc = {0};
 227Layout *layout = NULL;
 228Window barwin, root;
 229Regs *regs = NULL;
 230
 231/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 232#include "config.h"
 233
 234/* function implementations */
 235void
 236applyrules(Client *c) {
 237	static char buf[512];
 238	unsigned int i, j;
 239	regmatch_t tmp;
 240	Bool matched = False;
 241	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 242
 243	/* rule matching */
 244	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 245	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 246			ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 247			ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 248	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
 249		if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 250			c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 251			for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
 252				if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 253					matched = True;
 254					c->tags[j] = True;
 255				}
 256			}
 257		}
 258	if(ch.res_class)
 259		XFree(ch.res_class);
 260	if(ch.res_name)
 261		XFree(ch.res_name);
 262	if(!matched)
 263		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 264}
 265
 266void
 267arrange(void) {
 268	Client *c;
 269
 270	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 271		if(isvisible(c))
 272			unban(c);
 273		else
 274			ban(c);
 275	layout->arrange();
 276	focus(NULL);
 277	restack();
 278}
 279
 280void
 281attach(Client *c) {
 282	if(clients)
 283		clients->prev = c;
 284	c->next = clients;
 285	clients = c;
 286}
 287
 288void
 289attachstack(Client *c) {
 290	c->snext = stack;
 291	stack = c;
 292}
 293
 294void
 295ban(Client *c) {
 296	if(c->isbanned)
 297		return;
 298	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 299	c->isbanned = True;
 300}
 301
 302void
 303buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 304	unsigned int i, x;
 305	Client *c;
 306	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 307
 308	if(barwin == ev->window) {
 309		x = 0;
 310		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 311			x += textw(tags[i]);
 312			if(ev->x < x) {
 313				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 314					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 315						tag(tags[i]);
 316					else
 317						view(tags[i]);
 318				}
 319				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 320					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 321						toggletag(tags[i]);
 322					else
 323						toggleview(tags[i]);
 324				}
 325				return;
 326			}
 327		}
 328		if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 329			setlayout(NULL);
 330	}
 331	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 332		focus(c);
 333		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 334			return;
 335		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 336			if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 337				restack();
 338			else
 339				togglefloating(NULL);
 340			movemouse(c);
 341		}
 342		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 343			if((floating != layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 344				togglefloating(NULL);
 345			else
 346				zoom(NULL);
 347		}
 348		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 349			if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 350				restack();
 351			else
 352				togglefloating(NULL);
 353			resizemouse(c);
 354		}
 355	}
 356}
 357
 358void
 359checkotherwm(void) {
 360	otherwm = False;
 361	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 362
 363	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 364	XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 365	XSync(dpy, False);
 366	if(otherwm)
 367		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 368	XSync(dpy, False);
 369	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 370	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 371	XSync(dpy, False);
 372}
 373
 374void
 375cleanup(void) {
 376	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 377	while(stack) {
 378		unban(stack);
 379		unmanage(stack);
 380	}
 381	if(dc.font.set)
 382		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 383	else
 384		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 385	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 386	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 387	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 388	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 389	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 390	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 391	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 392	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 393	XSync(dpy, False);
 394}
 395
 396void
 397compileregs(void) {
 398	unsigned int i;
 399	regex_t *reg;
 400
 401	if(regs)
 402		return;
 403	regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
 404	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 405		if(rules[i].prop) {
 406			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 407			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 408				free(reg);
 409			else
 410				regs[i].propregex = reg;
 411		}
 412		if(rules[i].tags) {
 413			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 414			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 415				free(reg);
 416			else
 417				regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 418		}
 419	}
 420}
 421
 422void
 423configure(Client *c) {
 424	XConfigureEvent ce;
 425
 426	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 427	ce.display = dpy;
 428	ce.event = c->win;
 429	ce.window = c->win;
 430	ce.x = c->x;
 431	ce.y = c->y;
 432	ce.width = c->w;
 433	ce.height = c->h;
 434	ce.border_width = c->border;
 435	ce.above = None;
 436	ce.override_redirect = False;
 437	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 438}
 439
 440void
 441configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 442	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 443
 444	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 445		sw = ev->width;
 446		sh = ev->height;
 447		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 448		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 449		XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 450		updatebarpos();
 451		arrange();
 452	}
 453}
 454
 455void
 456configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 457	Client *c;
 458	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 459	XWindowChanges wc;
 460
 461	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 462		c->ismax = False;
 463		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 464			c->border = ev->border_width;
 465		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange)) {
 466			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 467				c->x = ev->x;
 468			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 469				c->y = ev->y;
 470			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 471				c->w = ev->width;
 472			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 473				c->h = ev->height;
 474			if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 475				c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 476			if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 477				c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 478			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 479			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 480				configure(c);
 481			if(isvisible(c))
 482				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 483		}
 484		else
 485			configure(c);
 486	}
 487	else {
 488		wc.x = ev->x;
 489		wc.y = ev->y;
 490		wc.width = ev->width;
 491		wc.height = ev->height;
 492		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 493		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 494		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 495		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 496	}
 497	XSync(dpy, False);
 498}
 499
 500void
 501destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 502	Client *c;
 503	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 504
 505	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 506		unmanage(c);
 507}
 508
 509void
 510detach(Client *c) {
 511	if(c->prev)
 512		c->prev->next = c->next;
 513	if(c->next)
 514		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 515	if(c == clients)
 516		clients = c->next;
 517	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 518}
 519
 520void
 521detachstack(Client *c) {
 522	Client **tc;
 523
 524	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 525	*tc = c->snext;
 526}
 527
 528void
 529drawbar(void) {
 530	int i, x;
 531
 532	dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 533	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 534		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 535		if(seltags[i]) {
 536			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 537			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 538		}
 539		else {
 540			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 541			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 542		}
 543		dc.x += dc.w;
 544	}
 545	dc.w = blw;
 546	drawtext(layout->symbol, dc.norm);
 547	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 548	dc.w = textw(stext);
 549	dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 550	if(dc.x < x) {
 551		dc.x = x;
 552		dc.w = sw - x;
 553	}
 554	drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 555	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 556		dc.x = x;
 557		if(sel) {
 558			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 559			drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 560		}
 561		else
 562			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 563	}
 564	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 565	XSync(dpy, False);
 566}
 567
 568void
 569drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 570	int x;
 571	XGCValues gcv;
 572	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 573
 574	gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 575	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 576	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 577	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 578	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 579	if(filled) {
 580		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 581		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 582	}
 583	else if(empty) {
 584		r.width = r.height = x;
 585		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 586	}
 587}
 588
 589void
 590drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 591	int x, y, w, h;
 592	static char buf[256];
 593	unsigned int len, olen;
 594	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 595
 596	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 597	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 598	if(!text)
 599		return;
 600	w = 0;
 601	olen = len = strlen(text);
 602	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 603		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 604	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 605	buf[len] = 0;
 606	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 607	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 608	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 609	/* shorten text if necessary */
 610	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 611		buf[--len] = 0;
 612	if(len < olen) {
 613		if(len > 1)
 614			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 615		if(len > 2)
 616			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 617		if(len > 3)
 618			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 619	}
 620	if(w > dc.w)
 621		return; /* too long */
 622	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 623	if(dc.font.set)
 624		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 625	else
 626		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 627}
 628
 629void *
 630emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 631	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 632
 633	if(!res)
 634		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 635	return res;
 636}
 637
 638void
 639enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 640	Client *c;
 641	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 642
 643	if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 644		return;
 645	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 646		focus(c);
 647	else if(ev->window == root) {
 648		selscreen = True;
 649		focus(NULL);
 650	}
 651}
 652
 653void
 654eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 655	va_list ap;
 656
 657	va_start(ap, errstr);
 658	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 659	va_end(ap);
 660	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 661}
 662
 663void
 664expose(XEvent *e) {
 665	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 666
 667	if(0 == ev->count) {
 668		if(barwin == ev->window)
 669			drawbar();
 670	}
 671}
 672
 673void
 674floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 675	Client *c;
 676
 677	domwfact = dozoom = False;
 678	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 679		if(isvisible(c))
 680			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 681}
 682
 683void
 684focus(Client *c) {
 685	if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 686		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 687	if(sel && sel != c) {
 688		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 689		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 690	}
 691	if(c) {
 692		detachstack(c);
 693		attachstack(c);
 694		grabbuttons(c, True);
 695	}
 696	sel = c;
 697	drawbar();
 698	if(!selscreen)
 699		return;
 700	if(c) {
 701		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 702		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 703	}
 704	else
 705		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 706}
 707
 708void
 709focusnext(const char *arg) {
 710	Client *c;
 711
 712	if(!sel)
 713		return;
 714	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 715	if(!c)
 716		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 717	if(c) {
 718		focus(c);
 719		restack();
 720	}
 721}
 722
 723void
 724focusprev(const char *arg) {
 725	Client *c;
 726
 727	if(!sel)
 728		return;
 729	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 730	if(!c) {
 731		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 732		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 733	}
 734	if(c) {
 735		focus(c);
 736		restack();
 737	}
 738}
 739
 740Client *
 741getclient(Window w) {
 742	Client *c;
 743
 744	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 745	return c;
 746}
 747
 748unsigned long
 749getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 750	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 751	XColor color;
 752
 753	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 754		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 755	return color.pixel;
 756}
 757
 758long
 759getstate(Window w) {
 760	int format, status;
 761	long result = -1;
 762	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 763	unsigned long n, extra;
 764	Atom real;
 765
 766	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 767			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 768	if(status != Success)
 769		return -1;
 770	if(n != 0)
 771		result = *p;
 772	XFree(p);
 773	return result;
 774}
 775
 776Bool
 777gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 778	char **list = NULL;
 779	int n;
 780	XTextProperty name;
 781
 782	if(!text || 0 == size)
 783		return False;
 784	text[0] = '\0';
 785	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 786	if(!name.nitems)
 787		return False;
 788	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 789		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 790	else {
 791		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 792		&& n > 0 && *list)
 793		{
 794			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 795			XFreeStringList(list);
 796		}
 797	}
 798	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 799	XFree(name.value);
 800	return True;
 801}
 802
 803void
 804grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 805	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 806
 807	if(focused) {
 808		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 809				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 810		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816
 817		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 822				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 823		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825
 826		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 831				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 832		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834	}
 835	else
 836		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838}
 839
 840unsigned int
 841idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 842	unsigned int i;
 843
 844	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
 845	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 846}
 847
 848void
 849initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 850	char *def, **missing;
 851	int i, n;
 852
 853	missing = NULL;
 854	if(dc.font.set)
 855		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 856	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 857	if(missing) {
 858		while(n--)
 859			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 860		XFreeStringList(missing);
 861	}
 862	if(dc.font.set) {
 863		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 864		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 865		char **font_names;
 866		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 867		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 868		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 869		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 870			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 871				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 872			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 873				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 874			xfonts++;
 875		}
 876	}
 877	else {
 878		if(dc.font.xfont)
 879			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 880		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 881		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 882		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 883			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 884		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 885		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 886	}
 887	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 888}
 889
 890Bool
 891isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 892	Client *c;
 893
 894	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 895		if(c->tags[t])
 896			return True;
 897	return False;
 898}
 899
 900Bool
 901isprotodel(Client *c) {
 902	int i, n;
 903	Atom *protocols;
 904	Bool ret = False;
 905
 906	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 907		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 908			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 909				ret = True;
 910		XFree(protocols);
 911	}
 912	return ret;
 913}
 914
 915Bool
 916isvisible(Client *c) {
 917	unsigned int i;
 918
 919	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 920		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 921			return True;
 922	return False;
 923}
 924
 925void
 926keypress(XEvent *e) {
 927	KEYS
 928	unsigned int i;
 929	KeyCode code;
 930	KeySym keysym;
 931	XKeyEvent *ev;
 932
 933	if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 934		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 935		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 936			code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 937			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 938					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 939			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 940					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 941			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 942					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 943			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 944					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 945		}
 946		return;
 947	}
 948	ev = &e->xkey;
 949	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 950	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 951		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 952		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 953		{
 954			if(keys[i].func)
 955				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 956		}
 957}
 958
 959void
 960killclient(const char *arg) {
 961	XEvent ev;
 962
 963	if(!sel)
 964		return;
 965	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 966		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 967		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 968		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 969		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 970		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 971		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 972		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 973	}
 974	else
 975		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 976}
 977
 978void
 979leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 980	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 981
 982	if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 983		selscreen = False;
 984		focus(NULL);
 985	}
 986}
 987
 988void
 989manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 990	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 991	Window trans;
 992	Status rettrans;
 993	XWindowChanges wc;
 994
 995	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 996	c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
 997	c->win = w;
 998	c->x = wa->x;
 999	c->y = wa->y;
1000	c->w = wa->width;
1001	c->h = wa->height;
1002	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1003	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1004		c->x = sx;
1005		c->y = sy;
1006		c->border = wa->border_width;
1007	}
1008	else {
1009		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1010			c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1011		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1012			c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1013		if(c->x < wax)
1014			c->x = wax;
1015		if(c->y < way)
1016			c->y = way;
1017		c->border = BORDERPX;
1018	}
1019	wc.border_width = c->border;
1020	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1021	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1022	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1023	updatesizehints(c);
1024	XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1025		StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1026	grabbuttons(c, False);
1027	updatetitle(c);
1028	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1029		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1030	if(t)
1031		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1032	applyrules(c);
1033	if(!c->isfloating)
1034		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1035	attach(c);
1036	attachstack(c);
1037	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1038	ban(c);
1039	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1040	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1041	arrange();
1042}
1043
1044void
1045mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1046	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1047
1048	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1049	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1050		keypress(NULL);
1051}
1052
1053void
1054maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1055	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1056	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1057
1058	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1059		return;
1060	if(wa.override_redirect)
1061		return;
1062	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1063		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1064}
1065
1066void
1067movemouse(Client *c) {
1068	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1069	unsigned int dui;
1070	Window dummy;
1071	XEvent ev;
1072
1073	ocx = nx = c->x;
1074	ocy = ny = c->y;
1075	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1076			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1077		return;
1078	c->ismax = False;
1079	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1080	for(;;) {
1081		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1082		switch (ev.type) {
1083		case ButtonRelease:
1084			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1085			return;
1086		case ConfigureRequest:
1087		case Expose:
1088		case MapRequest:
1089			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1090			break;
1091		case MotionNotify:
1092			XSync(dpy, False);
1093			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1094			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1095			if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1096				nx = wax;
1097			else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1098				nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1099			if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1100				ny = way;
1101			else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1102				ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1103			resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1104			break;
1105		}
1106	}
1107}
1108
1109Client *
1110nexttiled(Client *c) {
1111	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1112	return c;
1113}
1114
1115void
1116propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1117	Client *c;
1118	Window trans;
1119	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1120
1121	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1122		return; /* ignore */
1123	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1124		switch (ev->atom) {
1125			default: break;
1126			case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1127				XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1128				if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (NULL != getclient(trans))))
1129					arrange();
1130				break;
1131			case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1132				updatesizehints(c);
1133				break;
1134		}
1135		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1136			updatetitle(c);
1137			if(c == sel)
1138				drawbar();
1139		}
1140	}
1141}
1142
1143void
1144quit(const char *arg) {
1145	readin = running = False;
1146}
1147
1148void
1149resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1150	XWindowChanges wc;
1151
1152	if(sizehints) {
1153		/* set minimum possible */
1154		if (w < 1)
1155			w = 1;
1156		if (h < 1)
1157			h = 1;
1158
1159		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1160		w -= c->basew;
1161		h -= c->baseh;
1162
1163		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1164		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1165			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1166				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1167			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1168				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1169		}
1170
1171		/* adjust for increment value */
1172		if(c->incw)
1173			w -= w % c->incw;
1174		if(c->inch)
1175			h -= h % c->inch;
1176
1177		/* restore base dimensions */
1178		w += c->basew;
1179		h += c->baseh;
1180
1181		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1182			w = c->minw;
1183		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1184			h = c->minh;
1185		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1186			w = c->maxw;
1187		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1188			h = c->maxh;
1189	}
1190	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1191		return;
1192	/* offscreen appearance fixes */
1193	if(x > sw)
1194		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1195	if(y > sh)
1196		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1197	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1198		x = sx;
1199	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1200		y = sy;
1201	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1202		c->x = wc.x = x;
1203		c->y = wc.y = y;
1204		c->w = wc.width = w;
1205		c->h = wc.height = h;
1206		wc.border_width = c->border;
1207		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1208		configure(c);
1209		XSync(dpy, False);
1210	}
1211}
1212
1213void
1214resizemouse(Client *c) {
1215	int ocx, ocy;
1216	int nw, nh;
1217	XEvent ev;
1218
1219	ocx = c->x;
1220	ocy = c->y;
1221	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1222			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1223		return;
1224	c->ismax = False;
1225	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1226	for(;;) {
1227		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1228		switch(ev.type) {
1229		case ButtonRelease:
1230			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1231					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1232			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1233			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1234			return;
1235		case ConfigureRequest:
1236		case Expose:
1237		case MapRequest:
1238			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1239			break;
1240		case MotionNotify:
1241			XSync(dpy, False);
1242			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1243				nw = 1;
1244			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1245				nh = 1;
1246			resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1247			break;
1248		}
1249	}
1250}
1251
1252void
1253restack(void) {
1254	Client *c;
1255	XEvent ev;
1256	XWindowChanges wc;
1257
1258	drawbar();
1259	if(!sel)
1260		return;
1261	if(sel->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange))
1262		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1263	if(floating != layout->arrange) {
1264		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1265		wc.sibling = barwin;
1266		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1267			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1268			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1269		}
1270		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1271			if(c == sel)
1272				continue;
1273			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1274			wc.sibling = c->win;
1275		}
1276	}
1277	XSync(dpy, False);
1278	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1279}
1280
1281void
1282run(void) {
1283	fd_set rd;
1284	int xfd;
1285	XEvent ev;
1286
1287	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1288	XSync(dpy, False);
1289	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1290	readin = True;
1291	stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1292	while(running) {
1293		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1294		if(readin)
1295			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1296		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1297		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1298			if(errno == EINTR)
1299				continue;
1300			eprint("select failed\n");
1301		}
1302		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1303			if((readin = (stext == fgets(stext, sizeof stext - 1, stdin))))
1304				stext[strlen(stext) - 1] = '\0'; /* remove tailing '\n' */
1305			else if(feof(stdin))
1306				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1307			else /* error occured */
1308				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1309			drawbar();
1310		}
1311		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1312			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1313			if(handler[ev.type])
1314				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1315		}
1316	}
1317}
1318
1319void
1320scan(void) {
1321	unsigned int i, num;
1322	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1323	XWindowAttributes wa;
1324
1325	wins = NULL;
1326	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1327		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1328			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1329			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1330				continue;
1331			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1332				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1333		}
1334		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1335			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1336				continue;
1337			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1338			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1339				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1340		}
1341	}
1342	if(wins)
1343		XFree(wins);
1344}
1345
1346void
1347setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1348	long data[] = {state, None};
1349
1350	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1351			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1352}
1353
1354void
1355setlayout(const char *arg) {
1356	unsigned int i;
1357
1358	if(!arg) {
1359		if(++layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1360			layout = &layouts[0];
1361	}
1362	else {
1363		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1364			if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1365				break;
1366		if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1367			return;
1368		layout = &layouts[i];
1369	}
1370	if(sel)
1371		arrange();
1372	else
1373		drawbar();
1374}
1375
1376void
1377setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1378	double delta;
1379
1380	if(!domwfact)
1381		return;
1382	/* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1383	if(NULL == arg)
1384		mwfact = MWFACT;
1385	else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1386		if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1387			mwfact += delta;
1388		else
1389			mwfact = delta;
1390		if(mwfact < 0.1)
1391			mwfact = 0.1;
1392		else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1393			mwfact = 0.9;
1394	}
1395	arrange();
1396}
1397
1398void
1399setup(void) {
1400	int d;
1401	unsigned int i, j, mask;
1402	Window w;
1403	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1404	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1405
1406	/* init atoms */
1407	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1408	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1409	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1410	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1411	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1412	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1413	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1414			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1415
1416	/* init cursors */
1417	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1418	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1419	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1420
1421	/* init geometry */
1422	sx = sy = 0;
1423	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1424	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1425
1426	/* init modifier map */
1427	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1428	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1429		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1430			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1431			== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1432				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1433		}
1434	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1435
1436	/* select for events */
1437	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1438		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1439	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1440	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1441	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1442
1443	/* grab keys */
1444	keypress(NULL);
1445
1446	/* init tags */
1447	compileregs();
1448
1449	/* init appearance */
1450	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1451	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1452	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1453	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1454	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1455	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1456	initfont(FONT);
1457	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1458
1459	/* init layouts */
1460	mwfact = MWFACT;
1461	layout = &layouts[0];
1462	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1463		j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1464		if(j > blw)
1465			blw = j;
1466	}
1467
1468	/* init bar */
1469	bpos = BARPOS;
1470	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1471	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1472	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1473	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1474			DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1475			CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1476	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1477	updatebarpos();
1478	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1479	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1480	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1481	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1482	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1483	if(!dc.font.set)
1484		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1485
1486	/* multihead support */
1487	selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1488}
1489
1490void
1491spawn(const char *arg) {
1492	static char *shell = NULL;
1493
1494	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1495		shell = "/bin/sh";
1496	if(!arg)
1497		return;
1498	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1499	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1500	if(0 == fork()) {
1501		if(0 == fork()) {
1502			if(dpy)
1503				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1504			setsid();
1505			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1506			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1507			perror(" failed");
1508		}
1509		exit(0);
1510	}
1511	wait(0);
1512}
1513
1514void
1515tag(const char *arg) {
1516	unsigned int i;
1517
1518	if(!sel)
1519		return;
1520	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1521		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1522	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1523	arrange();
1524}
1525
1526unsigned int
1527textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1528	XRectangle r;
1529
1530	if(dc.font.set) {
1531		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1532		return r.width;
1533	}
1534	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1535}
1536
1537unsigned int
1538textw(const char *text) {
1539	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1540}
1541
1542void
1543tile(void) {
1544	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1545	Client *c, *mc;
1546
1547	domwfact = dozoom = True;
1548	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1549		n++;
1550
1551	/* window geoms */
1552	mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1553	th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1554	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1555		th = wah;
1556
1557	nx = wax;
1558	ny = way;
1559	nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1560	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1561		c->ismax = False;
1562		if(0 == i) { /* master */
1563			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1564			nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1565		}
1566		else {  /* tile window */
1567			if(i == 1) {
1568				ny = way;
1569				nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1570				nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1571			}
1572			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1573				nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1574			else
1575				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1576		}
1577		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1578		if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1579			/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1580			resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1581		if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1582			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1583	}
1584}
1585
1586void
1587togglebar(const char *arg) {
1588	if(bpos == BarOff)
1589		bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1590	else
1591		bpos = BarOff;
1592	updatebarpos();
1593	arrange();
1594}
1595
1596void
1597togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1598	if(!sel)
1599		return;
1600	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1601	if(sel->isfloating)
1602		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1603	arrange();
1604}
1605
1606void
1607togglemax(const char *arg) {
1608	XEvent ev;
1609
1610	if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1611		return;
1612	if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1613		if((floating == layout->arrange) || sel->isfloating)
1614			sel->wasfloating = True;
1615		else {
1616			togglefloating(NULL);
1617			sel->wasfloating = False;
1618		}
1619		sel->rx = sel->x;
1620		sel->ry = sel->y;
1621		sel->rw = sel->w;
1622		sel->rh = sel->h;
1623		resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1624	}
1625	else {
1626		resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1627		if(!sel->wasfloating)
1628			togglefloating(NULL);
1629	}
1630	drawbar();
1631	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1632}
1633
1634void
1635toggletag(const char *arg) {
1636	unsigned int i, j;
1637
1638	if(!sel)
1639		return;
1640	i = idxoftag(arg);
1641	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1642	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1643	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1644		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1645	arrange();
1646}
1647
1648void
1649toggleview(const char *arg) {
1650	unsigned int i, j;
1651
1652	i = idxoftag(arg);
1653	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1654	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1655	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1656		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1657	arrange();
1658}
1659
1660void
1661unban(Client *c) {
1662	if(!c->isbanned)
1663		return;
1664	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1665	c->isbanned = False;
1666}
1667
1668void
1669unmanage(Client *c) {
1670	XWindowChanges wc;
1671
1672	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1673	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1674	XGrabServer(dpy);
1675	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1676	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1677	detach(c);
1678	detachstack(c);
1679	if(sel == c)
1680		focus(NULL);
1681	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1682	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1683	free(c->tags);
1684	free(c);
1685	XSync(dpy, False);
1686	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1687	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1688	arrange();
1689}
1690
1691void
1692unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1693	Client *c;
1694	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1695
1696	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1697		unmanage(c);
1698}
1699
1700void
1701updatebarpos(void) {
1702	XEvent ev;
1703
1704	wax = sx;
1705	way = sy;
1706	wah = sh;
1707	waw = sw;
1708	switch(bpos) {
1709	default:
1710		wah -= bh;
1711		way += bh;
1712		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1713		break;
1714	case BarBot:
1715		wah -= bh;
1716		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1717		break;
1718	case BarOff:
1719		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1720		break;
1721	}
1722	XSync(dpy, False);
1723	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1724}
1725
1726void
1727updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1728	long msize;
1729	XSizeHints size;
1730
1731	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1732		size.flags = PSize;
1733	c->flags = size.flags;
1734	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1735		c->basew = size.base_width;
1736		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1737	}
1738	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1739		c->basew = size.min_width;
1740		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1741	}
1742	else
1743		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1744	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1745		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1746		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1747	}
1748	else
1749		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1750	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1751		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1752		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1753	}
1754	else
1755		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1756	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1757		c->minw = size.min_width;
1758		c->minh = size.min_height;
1759	}
1760	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1761		c->minw = size.base_width;
1762		c->minh = size.base_height;
1763	}
1764	else
1765		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1766	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1767		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1768		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1769		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1770		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1771	}
1772	else
1773		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1774	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1775			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1776}
1777
1778void
1779updatetitle(Client *c) {
1780	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1781		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1782}
1783
1784/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1785 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1786 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1787int
1788xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1789	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1790	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1791	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1792	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1793	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1794	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1795	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1796	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1797		return 0;
1798	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1799		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1800	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1801}
1802
1803int
1804xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1805	return 0;
1806}
1807
1808/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1809 * is already running. */
1810int
1811xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1812	otherwm = True;
1813	return -1;
1814}
1815
1816void
1817view(const char *arg) {
1818	unsigned int i;
1819
1820	memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1821	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1822		seltags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1823	seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1824	arrange();
1825}
1826
1827void
1828viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1829	static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1830
1831	memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1832	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1833	memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1834	arrange();
1835}
1836
1837void
1838zoom(const char *arg) {
1839	Client *c;
1840
1841	if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1842		return;
1843	if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1844		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1845			return;
1846	detach(c);
1847	attach(c);
1848	focus(c);
1849	arrange();
1850}
1851
1852int
1853main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1854	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1855		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1856	else if(argc != 1)
1857		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1858
1859	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1860	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1861		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1862	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1863	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1864
1865	checkotherwm();
1866	setup();
1867	drawbar();
1868	scan();
1869	run();
1870	cleanup();
1871
1872	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1873	return 0;
1874}