1/**
   2 * TODO
   3 * - treat monocle as floating layout, actually otherwise certain monocled windows don't get raised
   4 * - use WX, WY, WW, WH for window snapping/resizing/mouse
   5 * - MOX, MOY, MOW, MOH should only be used in the case of monocle layout and of n==1 in tiled
   6 * - simplify tile()
   7 */
   8/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   9 *
  10 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
  11 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
  12 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
  13 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
  14 * allowed to select for this event mask.
  15 *
  16 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  17 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  18 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  19 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  20 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  21 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  22 *
  23 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  24 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  25 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  26 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  27 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  28 *
  29 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  30 *
  31 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  32 */
  33#include <errno.h>
  34#include <locale.h>
  35#include <stdarg.h>
  36#include <stdio.h>
  37#include <stdlib.h>
  38#include <string.h>
  39#include <unistd.h>
  40#include <sys/select.h>
  41#include <sys/types.h>
  42#include <sys/wait.h>
  43#include <regex.h>
  44#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  45#include <X11/keysym.h>
  46#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  47#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  48#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  49#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  50
  51/* macros */
  52#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  53#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  54#define LENGTH(x)		(sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  55#define MAXTAGLEN		16
  56#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  57
  58/* enums */
  59enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  60enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  61enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  62enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  63
  64/* typedefs */
  65typedef struct Client Client;
  66struct Client {
  67	char name[256];
  68	int x, y, w, h;
  69	int rx, ry, rw, rh;
  70	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  71	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  72	long flags;
  73	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  74	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  75	Bool *tags;
  76	Client *next;
  77	Client *prev;
  78	Client *snext;
  79	Window win;
  80};
  81
  82typedef struct {
  83	int x, y, w, h;
  84	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  85	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  86	Drawable drawable;
  87	GC gc;
  88	struct {
  89		int ascent;
  90		int descent;
  91		int height;
  92		XFontSet set;
  93		XFontStruct *xfont;
  94	} font;
  95} DC; /* draw context */
  96
  97typedef struct {
  98	unsigned long mod;
  99	KeySym keysym;
 100	void (*func)(const char *arg);
 101	const char *arg;
 102} Key;
 103
 104typedef struct {
 105	const char *symbol;
 106	void (*arrange)(void);
 107} Layout;
 108
 109typedef struct {
 110	const char *prop;
 111	const char *tag;
 112	Bool isfloating;
 113} Rule;
 114
 115/* function declarations */
 116void applyrules(Client *c);
 117void arrange(void);
 118void attach(Client *c);
 119void attachstack(Client *c);
 120void ban(Client *c);
 121void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 122void checkotherwm(void);
 123void cleanup(void);
 124void configure(Client *c);
 125void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 126void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 127void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 128void detach(Client *c);
 129void detachstack(Client *c);
 130void drawbar(void);
 131void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 133void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 134void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 135void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 136void expose(XEvent *e);
 137void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 138void focus(Client *c);
 139void focusin(XEvent *e);
 140void focusnext(const char *arg);
 141void focusprev(const char *arg);
 142Client *getclient(Window w);
 143unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 144long getstate(Window w);
 145Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 146void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 147void grabkeys(void);
 148unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 149void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 150Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 151Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 152Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 153Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 154void keypress(XEvent *e);
 155void killclient(const char *arg);
 156void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 157void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 158void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 159void monocle(void);
 160void movemouse(Client *c);
 161Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 162void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 163void quit(const char *arg);
 164void reapply(const char *arg);
 165void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 166void resizemouse(Client *c);
 167void restack(void);
 168void run(void);
 169void scan(void);
 170void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 171void setlayout(const char *arg);
 172void setup(void);
 173void spawn(const char *arg);
 174void tag(const char *arg);
 175unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 176unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 177void tile(void);
 178void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 179void toggletag(const char *arg);
 180void toggleview(const char *arg);
 181void unban(Client *c);
 182void unmanage(Client *c);
 183void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 184void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 185void updatetitle(Client *c);
 186void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 187void view(const char *arg);
 188void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 189int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192void zoom(const char *arg);
 193
 194/* variables */
 195char stext[256], buf[256];
 196int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 197int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 198unsigned int bh, blw = 0;
 199unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 200void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 201	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 202	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 203	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 204	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 205	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 206	[Expose] = expose,
 207	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 208	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 209	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 210	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 211	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 212	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 213};
 214Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 215Bool dozoom = True;
 216Bool otherwm, readin;
 217Bool running = True;
 218Bool *prevtags;
 219Bool *seltags;
 220Client *clients = NULL;
 221Client *sel = NULL;
 222Client *stack = NULL;
 223Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 224Display *dpy;
 225DC dc = {0};
 226Layout *lt = NULL;
 227Window root, barwin;
 228
 229/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 230#include "config.h"
 231#define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 232static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
 233
 234/* function implementations */
 235
 236void
 237applyrules(Client *c) {
 238	unsigned int i;
 239	Bool matched = False;
 240	Rule *r;
 241	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 242
 243	/* rule matching */
 244	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 245	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 246		r = &rules[i];
 247		if(strstr(c->name, r->prop)
 248		|| (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->prop))
 249		|| (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->prop)))
 250		{
 251			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 252			if(r->tag) {
 253				c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 254				matched = True;
 255			}
 256		}
 257	}
 258	if(ch.res_class)
 259		XFree(ch.res_class);
 260	if(ch.res_name)
 261		XFree(ch.res_name);
 262	if(!matched)
 263		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
 264}
 265
 266void
 267arrange(void) {
 268	Client *c;
 269
 270	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 271		if(isvisible(c))
 272			unban(c);
 273		else
 274			ban(c);
 275
 276	focus(NULL);
 277	lt->arrange();
 278	restack();
 279}
 280
 281void
 282attach(Client *c) {
 283	if(clients)
 284		clients->prev = c;
 285	c->next = clients;
 286	clients = c;
 287}
 288
 289void
 290attachstack(Client *c) {
 291	c->snext = stack;
 292	stack = c;
 293}
 294
 295void
 296ban(Client *c) {
 297	if(c->isbanned)
 298		return;
 299	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * sw, c->y);
 300	c->isbanned = True;
 301}
 302
 303void
 304buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 305	unsigned int i, x;
 306	Client *c;
 307	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 308
 309	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 310		x = 0;
 311		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 312			x += textw(tags[i]);
 313			if(ev->x < x) {
 314				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 315					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 316						tag(tags[i]);
 317					else
 318						view(tags[i]);
 319				}
 320				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 321					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 322						toggletag(tags[i]);
 323					else
 324						toggleview(tags[i]);
 325				}
 326				return;
 327			}
 328		}
 329	}
 330	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 331		focus(c);
 332		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 333			return;
 334		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 335			restack();
 336			movemouse(c);
 337		}
 338		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 339			if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 340				togglefloating(NULL);
 341			else
 342				zoom(NULL);
 343		}
 344		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 345			restack();
 346			resizemouse(c);
 347		}
 348	}
 349}
 350
 351void
 352checkotherwm(void) {
 353	otherwm = False;
 354	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 355
 356	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 357	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 358	XSync(dpy, False);
 359	if(otherwm)
 360		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 361	XSync(dpy, False);
 362	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 363	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 364	XSync(dpy, False);
 365}
 366
 367void
 368cleanup(void) {
 369	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 370	while(stack) {
 371		unban(stack);
 372		unmanage(stack);
 373	}
 374	if(dc.font.set)
 375		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 376	else
 377		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 378	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 379	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 380	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 381	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 382	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 383	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 384	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 385	XSync(dpy, False);
 386	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 387}
 388
 389void
 390configure(Client *c) {
 391	XConfigureEvent ce;
 392
 393	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 394	ce.display = dpy;
 395	ce.event = c->win;
 396	ce.window = c->win;
 397	ce.x = c->x;
 398	ce.y = c->y;
 399	ce.width = c->w;
 400	ce.height = c->h;
 401	ce.border_width = c->border;
 402	ce.above = None;
 403	ce.override_redirect = False;
 404	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 405}
 406
 407void
 408configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 409	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 410
 411	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 412		sw = ev->width;
 413		sh = ev->height;
 414		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 415		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, BW, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 416		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, BX, BY, BW, bh);
 417		arrange();
 418	}
 419}
 420
 421void
 422configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 423	Client *c;
 424	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 425	XWindowChanges wc;
 426
 427	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 428		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 429			c->border = ev->border_width;
 430		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == lt->arrange)) {
 431			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 432				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 433			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 434				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 435			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 436				c->w = ev->width;
 437			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 438				c->h = ev->height;
 439			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 440				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 441			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 442				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 443			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 444			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 445				configure(c);
 446			if(isvisible(c))
 447				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 448		}
 449		else
 450			configure(c);
 451	}
 452	else {
 453		wc.x = ev->x;
 454		wc.y = ev->y;
 455		wc.width = ev->width;
 456		wc.height = ev->height;
 457		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 458		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 459		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 460		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 461	}
 462	XSync(dpy, False);
 463}
 464
 465void
 466destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 467	Client *c;
 468	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 469
 470	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 471		unmanage(c);
 472}
 473
 474void
 475detach(Client *c) {
 476	if(c->prev)
 477		c->prev->next = c->next;
 478	if(c->next)
 479		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 480	if(c == clients)
 481		clients = c->next;
 482	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 483}
 484
 485void
 486detachstack(Client *c) {
 487	Client **tc;
 488
 489	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 490	*tc = c->snext;
 491}
 492
 493void
 494drawbar(void) {
 495	int i, x;
 496	Client *c;
 497
 498	dc.x = 0;
 499	for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 500	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 501		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 502		if(seltags[i]) {
 503			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 504			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 505		}
 506		else {
 507			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 508			drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 509		}
 510		dc.x += dc.w;
 511	}
 512	dc.w = blw;
 513	drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 514	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 515	dc.w = textw(stext);
 516	dc.x = BW - dc.w;
 517	if(dc.x < x) {
 518		dc.x = x;
 519		dc.w = BW - x;
 520	}
 521	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 522	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 523		dc.x = x;
 524		if(c) {
 525			drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 526			drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 527		}
 528		else
 529			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 530	}
 531	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, BW, bh, 0, 0);
 532	XSync(dpy, False);
 533}
 534
 535void
 536drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 537	int x;
 538	XGCValues gcv;
 539	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 540
 541	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 542	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 543	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 544	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 545	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 546	if(filled) {
 547		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 548		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 549	}
 550	else if(empty) {
 551		r.width = r.height = x;
 552		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 553	}
 554}
 555
 556void
 557drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 558	int x, y, w, h;
 559	unsigned int len, olen;
 560	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 561
 562	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 563	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 564	if(!text)
 565		return;
 566	w = 0;
 567	olen = len = strlen(text);
 568	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 569		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 570	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 571	buf[len] = 0;
 572	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 573	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 574	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 575	/* shorten text if necessary */
 576	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 577		buf[--len] = 0;
 578	if(len < olen) {
 579		if(len > 1)
 580			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 581		if(len > 2)
 582			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 583		if(len > 3)
 584			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 585	}
 586	if(w > dc.w)
 587		return; /* too long */
 588	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 589	if(dc.font.set)
 590		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 591	else
 592		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 593}
 594
 595void *
 596emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 597	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 598
 599	if(!res)
 600		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 601	return res;
 602}
 603
 604void
 605enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 606	Client *c;
 607	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 608
 609	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 610		return;
 611	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 612		focus(c);
 613	else
 614		focus(NULL);
 615}
 616
 617void
 618eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 619	va_list ap;
 620
 621	va_start(ap, errstr);
 622	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 623	va_end(ap);
 624	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 625}
 626
 627void
 628expose(XEvent *e) {
 629	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 630
 631	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 632		drawbar();
 633}
 634
 635void
 636floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 637	Client *c;
 638
 639	dozoom = False;
 640	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 641		if(isvisible(c))
 642			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 643}
 644
 645void
 646focus(Client *c) {
 647	if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 648		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 649	if(sel && sel != c) {
 650		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 651		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 652		if(lt->arrange == monocle)
 653			resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
 654	}
 655	if(c) {
 656		detachstack(c);
 657		attachstack(c);
 658		grabbuttons(c, True);
 659		if(lt->arrange == monocle) {
 660			if(sel != c) {
 661				c->rx = c->x;
 662				c->ry = c->y;
 663				c->rw = c->w;
 664				c->rh = c->h;
 665			}
 666			resize(c, MOX, MOY, MOW, MOH, RESIZEHINTS);
 667		}
 668	}
 669	sel = c;
 670	if(c) {
 671		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 672		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 673	}
 674	else
 675		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 676	drawbar();
 677}
 678
 679void
 680focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 681	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 682
 683	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 684		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 685}
 686
 687void
 688focusnext(const char *arg) {
 689	Client *c;
 690
 691	if(!sel)
 692		return;
 693	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 694	if(!c)
 695		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 696	if(c) {
 697		focus(c);
 698		restack();
 699	}
 700}
 701
 702void
 703focusprev(const char *arg) {
 704	Client *c;
 705
 706	if(!sel)
 707		return;
 708	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 709	if(!c) {
 710		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 711		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 712	}
 713	if(c) {
 714		focus(c);
 715		restack();
 716	}
 717}
 718
 719Client *
 720getclient(Window w) {
 721	Client *c;
 722
 723	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 724	return c;
 725}
 726
 727unsigned long
 728getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 729	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 730	XColor color;
 731
 732	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 733		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 734	return color.pixel;
 735}
 736
 737long
 738getstate(Window w) {
 739	int format, status;
 740	long result = -1;
 741	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 742	unsigned long n, extra;
 743	Atom real;
 744
 745	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 746			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 747	if(status != Success)
 748		return -1;
 749	if(n != 0)
 750		result = *p;
 751	XFree(p);
 752	return result;
 753}
 754
 755Bool
 756gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 757	char **list = NULL;
 758	int n;
 759	XTextProperty name;
 760
 761	if(!text || size == 0)
 762		return False;
 763	text[0] = '\0';
 764	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 765	if(!name.nitems)
 766		return False;
 767	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 768		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 769	else {
 770		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 771		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 772			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 773			XFreeStringList(list);
 774		}
 775	}
 776	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 777	XFree(name.value);
 778	return True;
 779}
 780
 781void
 782grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 783	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 784
 785	if(focused) {
 786		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 787				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 788		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 789				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 790		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 791				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 792		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 793				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 794
 795		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 796				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 797		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 798				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 799		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 800				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 801		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 802				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 803
 804		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 805				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 806		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 807				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 808		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 809				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 810		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812	}
 813	else
 814		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816}
 817
 818void
 819grabkeys(void)  {
 820	unsigned int i, j;
 821	KeyCode code;
 822	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 823
 824	/* init modifier map */
 825	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 826	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 827		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 828			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 829				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 830		}
 831	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 832
 833	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 834	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 835		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 836		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 837				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 838		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 839				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 840		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 841				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 842		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 843				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 844	}
 845}
 846
 847unsigned int
 848idxoftag(const char *t) {
 849	unsigned int i;
 850
 851	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 852	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 853}
 854
 855void
 856initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 857	char *def, **missing;
 858	int i, n;
 859
 860	missing = NULL;
 861	if(dc.font.set)
 862		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 863	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 864	if(missing) {
 865		while(n--)
 866			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 867		XFreeStringList(missing);
 868	}
 869	if(dc.font.set) {
 870		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 871		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 872		char **font_names;
 873		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 874		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 875		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 876		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 877			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 878				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 879			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 880				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 881			xfonts++;
 882		}
 883	}
 884	else {
 885		if(dc.font.xfont)
 886			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 887		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 888		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 889		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 890			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 891		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 892		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 893	}
 894	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 895}
 896
 897Bool
 898isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 899	Client *c;
 900
 901	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 902		if(c->tags[t])
 903			return True;
 904	return False;
 905}
 906
 907Bool
 908isprotodel(Client *c) {
 909	int i, n;
 910	Atom *protocols;
 911	Bool ret = False;
 912
 913	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 914		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 915			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 916				ret = True;
 917		XFree(protocols);
 918	}
 919	return ret;
 920}
 921
 922Bool
 923isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 924	Client *c;
 925
 926	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 927		if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 928			return True;
 929	return False;
 930}
 931
 932Bool
 933isvisible(Client *c) {
 934	unsigned int i;
 935
 936	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 937		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 938			return True;
 939	return False;
 940}
 941
 942void
 943keypress(XEvent *e) {
 944	unsigned int i;
 945	KeySym keysym;
 946	XKeyEvent *ev;
 947
 948	ev = &e->xkey;
 949	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 950	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 951		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 952		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 953		{
 954			if(keys[i].func)
 955				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 956		}
 957}
 958
 959void
 960killclient(const char *arg) {
 961	XEvent ev;
 962
 963	if(!sel)
 964		return;
 965	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 966		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 967		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 968		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 969		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 970		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 971		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 972		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 973	}
 974	else
 975		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 976}
 977
 978void
 979manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 980	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 981	Status rettrans;
 982	Window trans;
 983	XWindowChanges wc;
 984
 985	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 986	c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
 987	c->win = w;
 988
 989	c->x = c->rx = wa->x + sx;
 990	c->y = c->ry = wa->y + sy;
 991	c->w = c->rw = wa->width;
 992	c->h = c->rh = wa->height;
 993	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
 994
 995	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 996		c->x = sx;
 997		c->y = sy;
 998		c->border = wa->border_width;
 999	}
1000	else {
1001		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > sx + sw)
1002			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1003		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > sy + sh)
1004			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1005		if(c->x < sx)
1006			c->x = sx;
1007		if(c->y < sy)
1008			c->y = sy;
1009		c->border = BORDERPX;
1010	}
1011	wc.border_width = c->border;
1012	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1013	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1014	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1015	updatesizehints(c);
1016	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1017	grabbuttons(c, False);
1018	updatetitle(c);
1019	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1020		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1021	if(t)
1022		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1023	else
1024		applyrules(c);
1025	if(!c->isfloating)
1026		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1027	attach(c);
1028	attachstack(c);
1029	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1030	ban(c);
1031	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1032	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1033	arrange();
1034}
1035
1036void
1037mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1038	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1039
1040	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1041	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1042		grabkeys();
1043}
1044
1045void
1046maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1047	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1048	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1049
1050	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1051		return;
1052	if(wa.override_redirect)
1053		return;
1054	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1055		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1056}
1057
1058void
1059monocle(void) {
1060	dozoom = False;
1061}
1062
1063void
1064movemouse(Client *c) {
1065	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1066	unsigned int dui;
1067	Window dummy;
1068	XEvent ev;
1069
1070	ocx = nx = c->x;
1071	ocy = ny = c->y;
1072	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1073			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1074		return;
1075	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1076	for(;;) {
1077		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1078		switch (ev.type) {
1079		case ButtonRelease:
1080			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1081			return;
1082		case ConfigureRequest:
1083		case Expose:
1084		case MapRequest:
1085			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1086			break;
1087		case MotionNotify:
1088			XSync(dpy, False);
1089			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1090			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1091			if(abs(sx - nx) < SNAP)
1092				nx = sx;
1093			else if(abs((sx + sw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1094				nx = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1095			if(abs(sy - ny) < SNAP)
1096				ny = sy;
1097			else if(abs((sy + sh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1098				ny = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1099			if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1100				togglefloating(NULL);
1101			if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1102				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1103			break;
1104		}
1105	}
1106}
1107
1108Client *
1109nexttiled(Client *c) {
1110	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1111	return c;
1112}
1113
1114void
1115propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1116	Client *c;
1117	Window trans;
1118	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1119
1120	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1121		return; /* ignore */
1122	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1123		switch (ev->atom) {
1124		default: break;
1125		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1126			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1127			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1128				arrange();
1129			break;
1130		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1131			updatesizehints(c);
1132			break;
1133		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1134			updatewmhints(c);
1135			drawbar();
1136			break;
1137		}
1138		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1139			updatetitle(c);
1140			if(c == sel)
1141				drawbar();
1142		}
1143	}
1144}
1145
1146void
1147quit(const char *arg) {
1148	readin = running = False;
1149}
1150
1151void
1152reapply(const char *arg) {
1153	static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1154	Client *c;
1155
1156	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1157		memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1158		applyrules(c);
1159	}
1160	arrange();
1161}
1162
1163void
1164resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1165	XWindowChanges wc;
1166
1167	if(sizehints) {
1168		/* set minimum possible */
1169		if (w < 1)
1170			w = 1;
1171		if (h < 1)
1172			h = 1;
1173
1174		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1175		w -= c->basew;
1176		h -= c->baseh;
1177
1178		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1179		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1180			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1181				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1182			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1183				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1184		}
1185
1186		/* adjust for increment value */
1187		if(c->incw)
1188			w -= w % c->incw;
1189		if(c->inch)
1190			h -= h % c->inch;
1191
1192		/* restore base dimensions */
1193		w += c->basew;
1194		h += c->baseh;
1195
1196		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1197			w = c->minw;
1198		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1199			h = c->minh;
1200		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1201			w = c->maxw;
1202		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1203			h = c->maxh;
1204	}
1205	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1206		return;
1207	if(x > sx + sw)
1208		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1209	if(y > sy + sh)
1210		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1211	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1212		x = sx;
1213	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1214		y = sy;
1215	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1216		c->x = wc.x = x;
1217		c->y = wc.y = y;
1218		c->w = wc.width = w;
1219		c->h = wc.height = h;
1220		wc.border_width = c->border;
1221		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1222				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1223		configure(c);
1224		XSync(dpy, False);
1225	}
1226}
1227
1228void
1229resizemouse(Client *c) {
1230	int ocx, ocy;
1231	int nw, nh;
1232	XEvent ev;
1233
1234	ocx = c->x;
1235	ocy = c->y;
1236	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1237			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1238		return;
1239	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1240	for(;;) {
1241		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1242		switch(ev.type) {
1243		case ButtonRelease:
1244			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1245					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1246			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1247			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1248			return;
1249		case ConfigureRequest:
1250		case Expose:
1251		case MapRequest:
1252			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1253			break;
1254		case MotionNotify:
1255			XSync(dpy, False);
1256			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1257				nw = 1;
1258			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1259				nh = 1;
1260			if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1261				togglefloating(NULL);
1262			if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1263				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1264			break;
1265		}
1266	}
1267}
1268
1269void
1270restack(void) {
1271	Client *c;
1272	XEvent ev;
1273	XWindowChanges wc;
1274
1275	drawbar();
1276	if(!sel)
1277		return;
1278	if(sel->isfloating || (lt->arrange == floating))
1279		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1280	if(lt->arrange != floating) {
1281		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1282		wc.sibling = barwin;
1283		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1284			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1285			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1286		}
1287		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1288			if(c == sel)
1289				continue;
1290			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1291			wc.sibling = c->win;
1292		}
1293	}
1294	XSync(dpy, False);
1295	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1296}
1297
1298void
1299run(void) {
1300	char *p;
1301	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1302	fd_set rd;
1303	int r, xfd;
1304	unsigned int len, offset;
1305	XEvent ev;
1306
1307	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1308	XSync(dpy, False);
1309	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1310	readin = True;
1311	offset = 0;
1312	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1313	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1314	while(running) {
1315		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1316		if(readin)
1317			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1318		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1319		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1320			if(errno == EINTR)
1321				continue;
1322			eprint("select failed\n");
1323		}
1324		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1325			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1326			case -1:
1327				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1328				readin = False;
1329				break;
1330			case 0:
1331				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1332				readin = False;
1333				break;
1334			default:
1335				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1336					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1337						*p = '\0';
1338						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1339						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1340						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1341						offset = r;
1342						if(r)
1343							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1344						break;
1345					}
1346				break;
1347			}
1348			drawbar();
1349		}
1350		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1351			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1352			if(handler[ev.type])
1353				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1354		}
1355	}
1356}
1357
1358void
1359scan(void) {
1360	unsigned int i, num;
1361	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1362	XWindowAttributes wa;
1363
1364	wins = NULL;
1365	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1366		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1367			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1368					|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1369				continue;
1370			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1371				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1372		}
1373		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1374			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1375				continue;
1376			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1377					&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1378				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1379		}
1380	}
1381	if(wins)
1382		XFree(wins);
1383}
1384
1385void
1386setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1387	long data[] = {state, None};
1388
1389	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1390			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1391}
1392
1393void
1394setlayout(const char *arg) {
1395	unsigned int i;
1396
1397	if(!arg)
1398		return;
1399	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1400		if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1401			break;
1402	if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1403		return;
1404	lt = &layouts[i];
1405	if(sel)
1406		arrange();
1407	else
1408		drawbar();
1409}
1410
1411void
1412setup(void) {
1413	unsigned int i;
1414	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1415
1416	/* init screen */
1417	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1418	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1419	sx = 0;
1420	sy = 0;
1421	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1422	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1423
1424	/* init atoms */
1425	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1426	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1427	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1428	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1429	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1430	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1431
1432	/* init cursors */
1433	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1434	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1435	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1436
1437	/* init appearance */
1438	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1439	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1440	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1441	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1442	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1443	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1444	initfont(FONT);
1445	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1446	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1447	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1448	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1449	if(!dc.font.set)
1450		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1451
1452	/* init tags */
1453	seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1454	prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1455	seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1456
1457	/* init layouts */
1458	lt = &layouts[0];
1459
1460	/* init bar */
1461	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1462		i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1463		if(i > blw)
1464			blw = i;
1465	}
1466
1467	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1468	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1469	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1470
1471	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, BX, BY, BW, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1472				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1473				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1474	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1475	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1476	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1477	drawbar();
1478
1479	/* EWMH support per view */
1480	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1481			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1482
1483	/* select for events */
1484	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1485			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1486	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1487	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1488
1489
1490	/* grab keys */
1491	grabkeys();
1492}
1493
1494void
1495spawn(const char *arg) {
1496	static char *shell = NULL;
1497
1498	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1499		shell = "/bin/sh";
1500	if(!arg)
1501		return;
1502	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1503	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1504	if(fork() == 0) {
1505		if(fork() == 0) {
1506			if(dpy)
1507				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1508			setsid();
1509			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1510			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1511			perror(" failed");
1512		}
1513		exit(0);
1514	}
1515	wait(0);
1516}
1517
1518void
1519tag(const char *arg) {
1520	unsigned int i;
1521
1522	if(!sel)
1523		return;
1524	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1525		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1526	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1527	arrange();
1528}
1529
1530unsigned int
1531textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1532	XRectangle r;
1533
1534	if(dc.font.set) {
1535		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1536		return r.width;
1537	}
1538	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1539}
1540
1541unsigned int
1542textw(const char *text) {
1543	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1544}
1545
1546void
1547tile(void) {
1548	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1549	Client *c, *mc;
1550
1551	dozoom = True;
1552	nx = MX;
1553	ny = MY;
1554	nw = 0;
1555	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1556		n++;
1557
1558	/* window geoms */
1559	mw = (n == 1) ? MOW : MW;
1560	th = (n > 1) ? TH / (n - 1) : 0;
1561	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1562		th = TH;
1563
1564	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1565		if(i == 0) { /* master */
1566			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1567			nh = MH - 2 * c->border;
1568		}
1569		else {  /* tile window */
1570			if(i == 1) {
1571				ny = TY;
1572				nx = TX;
1573				nw = TW - 2 * c->border;
1574			}
1575			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1576				nh = (TY + TH) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1577			else
1578				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1579		}
1580		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1581		if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1582			/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1583			resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1584		if(n > 1 && th != TH)
1585			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1586		i++;
1587	}
1588}
1589
1590void
1591togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1592	if(!sel)
1593		return;
1594	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1595	if(sel->isfloating)
1596		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1597	arrange();
1598}
1599
1600void
1601toggletag(const char *arg) {
1602	unsigned int i, j;
1603
1604	if(!sel)
1605		return;
1606	i = idxoftag(arg);
1607	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1608	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1609	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1610		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1611	arrange();
1612}
1613
1614void
1615toggleview(const char *arg) {
1616	unsigned int i, j;
1617
1618	i = idxoftag(arg);
1619	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1620	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1621	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1622		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1623	arrange();
1624}
1625
1626void
1627unban(Client *c) {
1628	if(!c->isbanned)
1629		return;
1630	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1631	c->isbanned = False;
1632}
1633
1634void
1635unmanage(Client *c) {
1636	XWindowChanges wc;
1637
1638	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1639	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1640	XGrabServer(dpy);
1641	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1642	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1643	detach(c);
1644	detachstack(c);
1645	if(sel == c)
1646		focus(NULL);
1647	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1648	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1649	free(c->tags);
1650	free(c);
1651	XSync(dpy, False);
1652	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1653	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1654	arrange();
1655}
1656
1657void
1658unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1659	Client *c;
1660	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1661
1662	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1663		unmanage(c);
1664}
1665
1666void
1667updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1668	long msize;
1669	XSizeHints size;
1670
1671	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1672		size.flags = PSize;
1673	c->flags = size.flags;
1674	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1675		c->basew = size.base_width;
1676		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1677	}
1678	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1679		c->basew = size.min_width;
1680		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1681	}
1682	else
1683		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1684	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1685		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1686		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1687	}
1688	else
1689		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1690	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1691		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1692		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1693	}
1694	else
1695		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1696	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1697		c->minw = size.min_width;
1698		c->minh = size.min_height;
1699	}
1700	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1701		c->minw = size.base_width;
1702		c->minh = size.base_height;
1703	}
1704	else
1705		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1706	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1707		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1708		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1709		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1710		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1711	}
1712	else
1713		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1714	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1715			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1716}
1717
1718void
1719updatetitle(Client *c) {
1720	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1721		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1722}
1723
1724void
1725updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1726	XWMHints *wmh;
1727
1728	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1729		if(c == sel)
1730			sel->isurgent = False;
1731		else
1732			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1733		XFree(wmh);
1734	}
1735}
1736
1737
1738void
1739view(const char *arg) {
1740	unsigned int i;
1741
1742	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1743		tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1744	tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1745
1746	if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1747		memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1748		memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1749		arrange();
1750	}
1751}
1752
1753void
1754viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1755
1756	memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1757	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1758	memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1759	arrange();
1760}
1761
1762/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1763 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1764 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1765int
1766xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1767	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1768	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1769	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1770	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1771	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1772	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1773	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1774	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1775		return 0;
1776	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1777		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1778	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1779}
1780
1781int
1782xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1783	return 0;
1784}
1785
1786/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1787 * is already running. */
1788int
1789xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1790	otherwm = True;
1791	return -1;
1792}
1793
1794void
1795zoom(const char *arg) {
1796	Client *c = sel;
1797
1798	if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1799		return;
1800	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1801		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1802			return;
1803	detach(c);
1804	attach(c);
1805	focus(c);
1806	arrange();
1807}
1808
1809int
1810main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1811	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1812		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1813	else if(argc != 1)
1814		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1815
1816	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1817	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1818		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1819
1820	checkotherwm();
1821	setup();
1822	scan();
1823	run();
1824	cleanup();
1825
1826	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1827	return 0;
1828}