1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11 * in O(1) time.
  12 *
  13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
  15 * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
  16 * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17 * client.
  18 *
  19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20 *
  21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22 */
  23#include <errno.h>
  24#include <locale.h>
  25#include <stdarg.h>
  26#include <signal.h>
  27#include <stdio.h>
  28#include <stdlib.h>
  29#include <string.h>
  30#include <unistd.h>
  31#include <sys/types.h>
  32#include <sys/wait.h>
  33#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34#include <X11/keysym.h>
  35#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39#include <X11/XKBlib.h>
  40#ifdef XINERAMA
  41#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  42#endif /* XINERAMA */
  43
  44/* macros */
  45#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  46#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
  47#define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
  48                               * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
  49#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  50#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  51#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  52#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  53#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  54#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  55#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  56#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
  57#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  58
  59/* enums */
  60enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  61enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  62enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState,
  63       NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
  64       NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetClientList, NetLast };     /* EWMH atoms */
  65enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
  66enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  67       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  68
  69typedef union {
  70	int i;
  71	unsigned int ui;
  72	float f;
  73	const void *v;
  74} Arg;
  75
  76typedef struct {
  77	unsigned int click;
  78	unsigned int mask;
  79	unsigned int button;
  80	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  81	const Arg arg;
  82} Button;
  83
  84typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  85typedef struct Client Client;
  86struct Client {
  87	char name[256];
  88	float mina, maxa;
  89	int x, y, w, h;
  90	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
  91	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  92	int bw, oldbw;
  93	unsigned int tags;
  94	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen;
  95	Client *next;
  96	Client *snext;
  97	Monitor *mon;
  98	Window win;
  99};
 100
 101typedef struct {
 102	int x, y, w, h;
 103	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
 104	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 105	Drawable drawable;
 106	GC gc;
 107	struct {
 108		int ascent;
 109		int descent;
 110		int height;
 111		XFontSet set;
 112		XFontStruct *xfont;
 113	} font;
 114} DC; /* draw context */
 115
 116typedef struct {
 117	unsigned int mod;
 118	KeySym keysym;
 119	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 120	const Arg arg;
 121} Key;
 122
 123typedef struct {
 124	const char *symbol;
 125	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 126} Layout;
 127
 128struct Monitor {
 129	char ltsymbol[16];
 130	float mfact;
 131	int nmaster;
 132	int num;
 133	int by;               /* bar geometry */
 134	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
 135	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 136	unsigned int seltags;
 137	unsigned int sellt;
 138	unsigned int tagset[2];
 139	Bool showbar;
 140	Bool topbar;
 141	Client *clients;
 142	Client *sel;
 143	Client *stack;
 144	Monitor *next;
 145	Window barwin;
 146	const Layout *lt[2];
 147};
 148
 149typedef struct {
 150	const char *class;
 151	const char *instance;
 152	const char *title;
 153	unsigned int tags;
 154	Bool isfloating;
 155	int monitor;
 156} Rule;
 157
 158/* function declarations */
 159static void applyrules(Client *c);
 160static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
 161static void arrange(Monitor *m);
 162static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
 163static void attach(Client *c);
 164static void attachstack(Client *c);
 165static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 166static void checkotherwm(void);
 167static void cleanup(void);
 168static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
 169static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 170static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
 171static void configure(Client *c);
 172static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 173static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 174static Monitor *createmon(void);
 175static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 176static void detach(Client *c);
 177static void detachstack(Client *c);
 178static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 179static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
 180static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 181static void drawbars(void);
 182static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 183static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 184static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 185static void expose(XEvent *e);
 186static void focus(Client *c);
 187static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 188static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 189static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 190static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 191static Bool getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
 192static long getstate(Window w);
 193static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 194static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 195static void grabkeys(void);
 196static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
 197static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 198static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 199static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 200static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 201static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 202static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 203static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 204static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
 205static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 206static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 207static void pop(Client *);
 208static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 209static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 210static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
 211static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
 212static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 213static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 214static void restack(Monitor *m);
 215static void run(void);
 216static void scan(void);
 217static Bool sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
 218static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
 219static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 220static void setfocus(Client *c);
 221static void setfullscreen(Client *c, Bool fullscreen);
 222static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 223static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 224static void setup(void);
 225static void showhide(Client *c);
 226static void sigchld(int unused);
 227static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 228static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 229static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 230static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 231static void tile(Monitor *);
 232static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 233static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 234static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 235static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 236static void unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus);
 237static void unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed);
 238static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 239static Bool updategeom(void);
 240static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 241static void updatebars(void);
 242static void updateclientlist(void);
 243static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 244static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 245static void updatestatus(void);
 246static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
 247static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 248static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 249static void view(const Arg *arg);
 250static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
 251static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
 252static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 253static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 254static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 255static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 256
 257/* variables */
 258static const char broken[] = "broken";
 259static char stext[256];
 260static int screen;
 261static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
 262static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 263static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 264static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 265static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 266	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 267	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
 268	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 269	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 270	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 271	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 272	[Expose] = expose,
 273	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 274	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 275	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 276	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 277	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
 278	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 279	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 280};
 281static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 282static Bool running = True;
 283static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 284static Display *dpy;
 285static DC dc;
 286static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 287static Window root;
 288
 289/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 290#include "config.h"
 291
 292/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 293struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
 294
 295/* function implementations */
 296void
 297applyrules(Client *c) {
 298	const char *class, *instance;
 299	unsigned int i;
 300	const Rule *r;
 301	Monitor *m;
 302	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };
 303
 304	/* rule matching */
 305	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 306	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 307	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
 308	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
 309
 310	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 311		r = &rules[i];
 312		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 313		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
 314		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
 315		{
 316			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 317			c->tags |= r->tags;
 318			for(m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
 319			if(m)
 320				c->mon = m;
 321		}
 322	}
 323	if(ch.res_class)
 324		XFree(ch.res_class);
 325	if(ch.res_name)
 326		XFree(ch.res_name);
 327	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 328}
 329
 330Bool
 331applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
 332	Bool baseismin;
 333	Monitor *m = c->mon;
 334
 335	/* set minimum possible */
 336	*w = MAX(1, *w);
 337	*h = MAX(1, *h);
 338	if(interact) {
 339		if(*x > sw)
 340			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 341		if(*y > sh)
 342			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 343		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 344			*x = 0;
 345		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 346			*y = 0;
 347	}
 348	else {
 349		if(*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
 350			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
 351		if(*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
 352			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
 353		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
 354			*x = m->wx;
 355		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
 356			*y = m->wy;
 357	}
 358	if(*h < bh)
 359		*h = bh;
 360	if(*w < bh)
 361		*w = bh;
 362	if(resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
 363		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 364		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 365		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 366			*w -= c->basew;
 367			*h -= c->baseh;
 368		}
 369		/* adjust for aspect limits */
 370		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 371			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 372				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
 373			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 374				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
 375		}
 376		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 377			*w -= c->basew;
 378			*h -= c->baseh;
 379		}
 380		/* adjust for increment value */
 381		if(c->incw)
 382			*w -= *w % c->incw;
 383		if(c->inch)
 384			*h -= *h % c->inch;
 385		/* restore base dimensions */
 386		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
 387		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
 388		if(c->maxw)
 389			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 390		if(c->maxh)
 391			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 392	}
 393	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 394}
 395
 396void
 397arrange(Monitor *m) {
 398	if(m)
 399		showhide(m->stack);
 400	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 401		showhide(m->stack);
 402	if(m) {
 403		arrangemon(m);
 404		restack(m);
 405	} else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 406		arrangemon(m);
 407}
 408
 409void
 410arrangemon(Monitor *m) {
 411	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 412	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 413		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 414}
 415
 416void
 417attach(Client *c) {
 418	c->next = c->mon->clients;
 419	c->mon->clients = c;
 420}
 421
 422void
 423attachstack(Client *c) {
 424	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 425	c->mon->stack = c;
 426}
 427
 428void
 429buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 430	unsigned int i, x, click;
 431	Arg arg = {0};
 432	Client *c;
 433	Monitor *m;
 434	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 435
 436	click = ClkRootWin;
 437	/* focus monitor if necessary */
 438	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 439		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
 440		selmon = m;
 441		focus(NULL);
 442	}
 443	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
 444		i = x = 0;
 445		do
 446			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 447		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 448		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 449			click = ClkTagBar;
 450			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 451		}
 452		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 453			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 454		else if(ev->x > selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 455			click = ClkStatusText;
 456		else
 457			click = ClkWinTitle;
 458	}
 459	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 460		focus(c);
 461		click = ClkClientWin;
 462	}
 463	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 464		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 465		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 466			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 467}
 468
 469void
 470checkotherwm(void) {
 471	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 472	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 473	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 474	XSync(dpy, False);
 475	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 476	XSync(dpy, False);
 477}
 478
 479void
 480cleanup(void) {
 481	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 482	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 483	Monitor *m;
 484
 485	view(&a);
 486	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 487	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 488		while(m->stack)
 489			unmanage(m->stack, False);
 490	if(dc.font.set)
 491		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 492	else
 493		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 494	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 495	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 496	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 497	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 498	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 499	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 500	while(mons)
 501		cleanupmon(mons);
 502	XSync(dpy, False);
 503	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 504	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
 505}
 506
 507void
 508cleanupmon(Monitor *mon) {
 509	Monitor *m;
 510
 511	if(mon == mons)
 512		mons = mons->next;
 513	else {
 514		for(m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
 515		m->next = mon->next;
 516	}
 517	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 518	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 519	free(mon);
 520}
 521
 522void
 523clearurgent(Client *c) {
 524	XWMHints *wmh;
 525
 526	c->isurgent = False;
 527	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 528		return;
 529	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 530	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 531	XFree(wmh);
 532}
 533
 534void
 535clientmessage(XEvent *e) {
 536	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
 537	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
 538
 539	if(!c)
 540		return;
 541	if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
 542		if(cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen] || cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
 543			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
 544			              || (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));
 545	}
 546	else if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
 547		if(!ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 548			c->mon->seltags ^= 1;
 549			c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] = c->tags;
 550		}
 551		pop(c);
 552	}
 553}
 554
 555void
 556configure(Client *c) {
 557	XConfigureEvent ce;
 558
 559	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 560	ce.display = dpy;
 561	ce.event = c->win;
 562	ce.window = c->win;
 563	ce.x = c->x;
 564	ce.y = c->y;
 565	ce.width = c->w;
 566	ce.height = c->h;
 567	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 568	ce.above = None;
 569	ce.override_redirect = False;
 570	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 571}
 572
 573void
 574configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 575	Monitor *m;
 576	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 577	Bool dirty;
 578
 579	// TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified
 580	if(ev->window == root) {
 581		dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
 582		sw = ev->width;
 583		sh = ev->height;
 584		if(updategeom() || dirty) {
 585			if(dc.drawable != 0)
 586				XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 587			dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 588			updatebars();
 589			for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 590				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 591			focus(NULL);
 592			arrange(NULL);
 593		}
 594	}
 595}
 596
 597void
 598configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 599	Client *c;
 600	Monitor *m;
 601	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 602	XWindowChanges wc;
 603
 604	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 605		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 606			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 607		else if(c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 608			m = c->mon;
 609			if(ev->value_mask & CWX) {
 610				c->oldx = c->x;
 611				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
 612			}
 613			if(ev->value_mask & CWY) {
 614				c->oldy = c->y;
 615				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
 616			}
 617			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
 618				c->oldw = c->w;
 619				c->w = ev->width;
 620			}
 621			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
 622				c->oldh = c->h;
 623				c->h = ev->height;
 624			}
 625			if((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
 626				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
 627			if((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
 628				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
 629			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 630				configure(c);
 631			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 632				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 633		}
 634		else
 635			configure(c);
 636	}
 637	else {
 638		wc.x = ev->x;
 639		wc.y = ev->y;
 640		wc.width = ev->width;
 641		wc.height = ev->height;
 642		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 643		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 644		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 645		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 646	}
 647	XSync(dpy, False);
 648}
 649
 650Monitor *
 651createmon(void) {
 652	Monitor *m;
 653
 654	if(!(m = (Monitor *)calloc(1, sizeof(Monitor))))
 655		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Monitor));
 656	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
 657	m->mfact = mfact;
 658	m->nmaster = nmaster;
 659	m->showbar = showbar;
 660	m->topbar = topbar;
 661	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
 662	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
 663	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 664	return m;
 665}
 666
 667void
 668destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 669	Client *c;
 670	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 671
 672	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 673		unmanage(c, True);
 674}
 675
 676void
 677detach(Client *c) {
 678	Client **tc;
 679
 680	for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 681	*tc = c->next;
 682}
 683
 684void
 685detachstack(Client *c) {
 686	Client **tc, *t;
 687
 688	for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 689	*tc = c->snext;
 690
 691	if(c == c->mon->sel) {
 692		for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
 693		c->mon->sel = t;
 694	}
 695}
 696
 697void
 698die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 699	va_list ap;
 700
 701	va_start(ap, errstr);
 702	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 703	va_end(ap);
 704	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 705}
 706
 707Monitor *
 708dirtomon(int dir) {
 709	Monitor *m = NULL;
 710
 711	if(dir > 0) {
 712		if(!(m = selmon->next))
 713			m = mons;
 714	}
 715	else if(selmon == mons)
 716		for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
 717	else
 718		for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
 719	return m;
 720}
 721
 722void
 723drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 724	int x;
 725	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 726	unsigned long *col;
 727	Client *c;
 728
 729	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 730		occ |= c->tags;
 731		if(c->isurgent)
 732			urg |= c->tags;
 733	}
 734	dc.x = 0;
 735	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 736		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 737		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 738		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 739		drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 740		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 741		dc.x += dc.w;
 742	}
 743	dc.w = blw = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
 744	drawtext(m->ltsymbol, dc.norm, False);
 745	dc.x += dc.w;
 746	x = dc.x;
 747	if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 748		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 749		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 750		if(dc.x < x) {
 751			dc.x = x;
 752			dc.w = m->ww - x;
 753		}
 754		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 755	}
 756	else
 757		dc.x = m->ww;
 758	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 759		dc.x = x;
 760		if(m->sel) {
 761			col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 762			drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 763			drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 764		}
 765		else
 766			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 767	}
 768	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 769	XSync(dpy, False);
 770}
 771
 772void
 773drawbars(void) {
 774	Monitor *m;
 775
 776	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 777		drawbar(m);
 778}
 779
 780void
 781drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 782	int x;
 783
 784	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 785	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 786	if(filled)
 787		XFillRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x+1, dc.y+1, x+1, x+1);
 788	else if(empty)
 789		XDrawRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x+1, dc.y+1, x, x);
 790}
 791
 792void
 793drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 794	char buf[256];
 795	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 796
 797	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 798	XFillRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h);
 799	if(!text)
 800		return;
 801	olen = strlen(text);
 802	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 803	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 804	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 805	/* shorten text if necessary */
 806	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 807	if(!len)
 808		return;
 809	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 810	if(len < olen)
 811		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 812	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 813	if(dc.font.set)
 814		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 815	else
 816		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 817}
 818
 819void
 820enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 821	Client *c;
 822	Monitor *m;
 823	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 824
 825	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 826		return;
 827	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
 828	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
 829	if(m != selmon) {
 830		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
 831		selmon = m;
 832	}
 833	else if(!c || c == selmon->sel)
 834		return;
 835	focus(c);
 836}
 837
 838void
 839expose(XEvent *e) {
 840	Monitor *m;
 841	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 842
 843	if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
 844		drawbar(m);
 845}
 846
 847void
 848focus(Client *c) {
 849	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 850		for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 851	/* was if(selmon->sel) */
 852	if(selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
 853		unfocus(selmon->sel, False);
 854	if(c) {
 855		if(c->mon != selmon)
 856			selmon = c->mon;
 857		if(c->isurgent)
 858			clearurgent(c);
 859		detachstack(c);
 860		attachstack(c);
 861		grabbuttons(c, True);
 862		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 863		setfocus(c);
 864	}
 865	else {
 866		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 867		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
 868	}
 869	selmon->sel = c;
 870	drawbars();
 871}
 872
 873void
 874focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 875	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 876
 877	if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 878		setfocus(selmon->sel);
 879}
 880
 881void
 882focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 883	Monitor *m;
 884
 885	if(!mons->next)
 886		return;
 887	if((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
 888		return;
 889	unfocus(selmon->sel, False); /* s/True/False/ fixes input focus issues
 890					in gedit and anjuta */
 891	selmon = m;
 892	focus(NULL);
 893}
 894
 895void
 896focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 897	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 898
 899	if(!selmon->sel)
 900		return;
 901	if(arg->i > 0) {
 902		for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 903		if(!c)
 904			for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 905	}
 906	else {
 907		for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 908			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 909				c = i;
 910		if(!c)
 911			for(; i; i = i->next)
 912				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 913					c = i;
 914	}
 915	if(c) {
 916		focus(c);
 917		restack(selmon);
 918	}
 919}
 920
 921Atom
 922getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop) {
 923	int di;
 924	unsigned long dl;
 925	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 926	Atom da, atom = None;
 927
 928	if(XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, XA_ATOM,
 929	                      &da, &di, &dl, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
 930		atom = *(Atom *)p;
 931		XFree(p);
 932	}
 933	return atom;
 934}
 935
 936unsigned long
 937getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 938	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 939	XColor color;
 940
 941	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 942		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 943	return color.pixel;
 944}
 945
 946Bool
 947getrootptr(int *x, int *y) {
 948	int di;
 949	unsigned int dui;
 950	Window dummy;
 951
 952	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
 953}
 954
 955long
 956getstate(Window w) {
 957	int format;
 958	long result = -1;
 959	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 960	unsigned long n, extra;
 961	Atom real;
 962
 963	if(XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 964	                      &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
 965		return -1;
 966	if(n != 0)
 967		result = *p;
 968	XFree(p);
 969	return result;
 970}
 971
 972Bool
 973gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 974	char **list = NULL;
 975	int n;
 976	XTextProperty name;
 977
 978	if(!text || size == 0)
 979		return False;
 980	text[0] = '\0';
 981	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 982	if(!name.nitems)
 983		return False;
 984	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 985		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 986	else {
 987		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
 988			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 989			XFreeStringList(list);
 990		}
 991	}
 992	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 993	XFree(name.value);
 994	return True;
 995}
 996
 997void
 998grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 999	updatenumlockmask();
1000	{
1001		unsigned int i, j;
1002		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
1003		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1004		if(focused) {
1005			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
1006				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
1007					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
1008						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
1009						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
1010						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
1011						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
1012		}
1013		else
1014			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
1015			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
1016	}
1017}
1018
1019void
1020grabkeys(void) {
1021	updatenumlockmask();
1022	{
1023		unsigned int i, j;
1024		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
1025		KeyCode code;
1026
1027		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1028		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1029			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
1030				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
1031					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
1032						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1033	}
1034}
1035
1036void
1037incnmaster(const Arg *arg) {
1038	selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
1039	arrange(selmon);
1040}
1041
1042void
1043initfont(const char *fontstr) {
1044	char *def, **missing;
1045	int n;
1046
1047	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
1048	if(missing) {
1049		while(n--)
1050			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
1051		XFreeStringList(missing);
1052	}
1053	if(dc.font.set) {
1054		XFontStruct **xfonts;
1055		char **font_names;
1056
1057		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
1058		XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
1059		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
1060		while(n--) {
1061			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
1062			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
1063			xfonts++;
1064		}
1065	}
1066	else {
1067		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
1068		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
1069			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
1070		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
1071		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
1072	}
1073	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
1074}
1075
1076#ifdef XINERAMA
1077static Bool
1078isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info) {
1079	while(n--)
1080		if(unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
1081		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
1082			return False;
1083	return True;
1084}
1085#endif /* XINERAMA */
1086
1087void
1088keypress(XEvent *e) {
1089	unsigned int i;
1090	KeySym keysym;
1091	XKeyEvent *ev;
1092
1093	ev = &e->xkey;
1094	keysym = XkbKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0, 0);
1095	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1096		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1097		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
1098		&& keys[i].func)
1099			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
1100}
1101
1102void
1103killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1104	if(!selmon->sel)
1105		return;
1106	if(!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
1107		XGrabServer(dpy);
1108		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1109		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
1110		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1111		XSync(dpy, False);
1112		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1113		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1114	}
1115}
1116
1117void
1118manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1119	Client *c, *t = NULL;
1120	Window trans = None;
1121	XWindowChanges wc;
1122
1123	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
1124		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1125	c->win = w;
1126	updatetitle(c);
1127	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
1128		c->mon = t->mon;
1129		c->tags = t->tags;
1130	}
1131	else {
1132		c->mon = selmon;
1133		applyrules(c);
1134	}
1135	/* geometry */
1136	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
1137	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
1138	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
1139	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
1140	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1141
1142	if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
1143		c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
1144	if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
1145		c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
1146	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
1147	/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1148	c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == c->mon->my) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1149	           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
1150	c->bw = borderpx;
1151
1152	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1153	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1154	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1155	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1156	updatewindowtype(c);
1157	updatesizehints(c);
1158	updatewmhints(c);
1159	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1160	grabbuttons(c, False);
1161	if(!c->isfloating)
1162		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1163	if(c->isfloating)
1164		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1165	attach(c);
1166	attachstack(c);
1167	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
1168	                (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
1169	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1170	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1171	if (c->mon == selmon)
1172		unfocus(selmon->sel, False);
1173	c->mon->sel = c;
1174	arrange(c->mon);
1175	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1176	focus(NULL);
1177}
1178
1179void
1180mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1181	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1182
1183	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1184	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1185		grabkeys();
1186}
1187
1188void
1189maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1190	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1191	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1192
1193	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1194		return;
1195	if(wa.override_redirect)
1196		return;
1197	if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
1198		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1199}
1200
1201void
1202monocle(Monitor *m) {
1203	unsigned int n = 0;
1204	Client *c;
1205
1206	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1207		if(ISVISIBLE(c))
1208			n++;
1209	if(n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
1210		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
1211	for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1212		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1213}
1214
1215void
1216motionnotify(XEvent *e) {
1217	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
1218	Monitor *m;
1219	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;
1220
1221	if(ev->window != root)
1222		return;
1223	if((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
1224		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
1225		selmon = m;
1226		focus(NULL);
1227	}
1228	mon = m;
1229}
1230
1231void
1232movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1233	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
1234	Client *c;
1235	Monitor *m;
1236	XEvent ev;
1237
1238	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1239		return;
1240	if(c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
1241		return;
1242	restack(selmon);
1243	ocx = c->x;
1244	ocy = c->y;
1245	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1246	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1247		return;
1248	if(!getrootptr(&x, &y))
1249		return;
1250	do {
1251		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1252		switch(ev.type) {
1253		case ConfigureRequest:
1254		case Expose:
1255		case MapRequest:
1256			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1257			break;
1258		case MotionNotify:
1259			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1260			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1261			if(nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1262			&& ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1263				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1264					nx = selmon->wx;
1265				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1266					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1267				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1268					ny = selmon->wy;
1269				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1270					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1271				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1272				&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1273					togglefloating(NULL);
1274			}
1275			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1276				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
1277			break;
1278		}
1279	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1280	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1281	if((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
1282		sendmon(c, m);
1283		selmon = m;
1284		focus(NULL);
1285	}
1286}
1287
1288Client *
1289nexttiled(Client *c) {
1290	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1291	return c;
1292}
1293
1294void
1295pop(Client *c) {
1296	detach(c);
1297	attach(c);
1298	focus(c);
1299	arrange(c->mon);
1300}
1301
1302void
1303propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1304	Client *c;
1305	Window trans;
1306	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1307
1308	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1309		updatestatus();
1310	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1311		return; /* ignore */
1312	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1313		switch(ev->atom) {
1314		default: break;
1315		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1316			if(!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
1317			   (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
1318				arrange(c->mon);
1319			break;
1320		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1321			updatesizehints(c);
1322			break;
1323		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1324			updatewmhints(c);
1325			drawbars();
1326			break;
1327		}
1328		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1329			updatetitle(c);
1330			if(c == c->mon->sel)
1331				drawbar(c->mon);
1332		}
1333		if(ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
1334			updatewindowtype(c);
1335	}
1336}
1337
1338void
1339quit(const Arg *arg) {
1340	running = False;
1341}
1342
1343Monitor *
1344recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1345	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
1346	int a, area = 0;
1347
1348	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1349		if((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
1350			area = a;
1351			r = m;
1352		}
1353	return r;
1354}
1355
1356void
1357resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
1358	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
1359		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
1360}
1361
1362void
1363resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1364	XWindowChanges wc;
1365
1366	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
1367	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
1368	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
1369	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
1370	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1371	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1372	configure(c);
1373	XSync(dpy, False);
1374}
1375
1376void
1377resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1378	int ocx, ocy;
1379	int nw, nh;
1380	Client *c;
1381	Monitor *m;
1382	XEvent ev;
1383
1384	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1385		return;
1386	if(c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
1387		return;
1388	restack(selmon);
1389	ocx = c->x;
1390	ocy = c->y;
1391	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1392	                None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1393		return;
1394	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1395	do {
1396		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1397		switch(ev.type) {
1398		case ConfigureRequest:
1399		case Expose:
1400		case MapRequest:
1401			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1402			break;
1403		case MotionNotify:
1404			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1405			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1406			if(c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1407			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
1408			{
1409				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1410				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1411					togglefloating(NULL);
1412			}
1413			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1414				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1415			break;
1416		}
1417	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1418	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1419	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1420	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1421	if((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
1422		sendmon(c, m);
1423		selmon = m;
1424		focus(NULL);
1425	}
1426}
1427
1428void
1429restack(Monitor *m) {
1430	Client *c;
1431	XEvent ev;
1432	XWindowChanges wc;
1433
1434	drawbar(m);
1435	if(!m->sel)
1436		return;
1437	if(m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1438		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1439	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1440		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1441		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1442		for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1443			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1444				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1445				wc.sibling = c->win;
1446			}
1447	}
1448	XSync(dpy, False);
1449	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1450}
1451
1452void
1453run(void) {
1454	XEvent ev;
1455	/* main event loop */
1456	XSync(dpy, False);
1457	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
1458		if(handler[ev.type])
1459			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
1460}
1461
1462void
1463scan(void) {
1464	unsigned int i, num;
1465	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1466	XWindowAttributes wa;
1467
1468	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1469		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1470			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1471			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1472				continue;
1473			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1474				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1475		}
1476		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1477			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1478				continue;
1479			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1480			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1481				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1482		}
1483		if(wins)
1484			XFree(wins);
1485	}
1486}
1487
1488void
1489sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
1490	if(c->mon == m)
1491		return;
1492	unfocus(c, True);
1493	detach(c);
1494	detachstack(c);
1495	c->mon = m;
1496	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
1497	attach(c);
1498	attachstack(c);
1499	focus(NULL);
1500	arrange(NULL);
1501}
1502
1503void
1504setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1505	long data[] = { state, None };
1506
1507	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1508			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1509}
1510
1511Bool
1512sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto) {
1513	int n;
1514	Atom *protocols;
1515	Bool exists = False;
1516	XEvent ev;
1517
1518	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
1519		while(!exists && n--)
1520			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
1521		XFree(protocols);
1522	}
1523	if(exists) {
1524		ev.type = ClientMessage;
1525		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
1526		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1527		ev.xclient.format = 32;
1528		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
1529		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1530		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1531	}
1532	return exists;
1533}
1534
1535void
1536setfocus(Client *c) {
1537	if(!c->neverfocus) {
1538		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1539		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow],
1540 		                XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
1541 		                (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
1542	}
1543	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
1544}
1545
1546void
1547setfullscreen(Client *c, Bool fullscreen) {
1548	if(fullscreen) {
1549		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
1550		                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
1551		c->isfullscreen = True;
1552		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
1553		c->oldbw = c->bw;
1554		c->bw = 0;
1555		c->isfloating = True;
1556		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
1557		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1558	}
1559	else {
1560		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
1561		                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
1562		c->isfullscreen = False;
1563		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
1564		c->bw = c->oldbw;
1565		c->x = c->oldx;
1566		c->y = c->oldy;
1567		c->w = c->oldw;
1568		c->h = c->oldh;
1569		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1570		arrange(c->mon);
1571	}
1572}
1573
1574void
1575setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1576	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
1577		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1578	if(arg && arg->v)
1579		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1580	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
1581	if(selmon->sel)
1582		arrange(selmon);
1583	else
1584		drawbar(selmon);
1585}
1586
1587/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1588void
1589setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1590	float f;
1591
1592	if(!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1593		return;
1594	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1595	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1596		return;
1597	selmon->mfact = f;
1598	arrange(selmon);
1599}
1600
1601void
1602setup(void) {
1603	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1604
1605	/* clean up any zombies immediately */
1606	sigchld(0);
1607
1608	/* init screen */
1609	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1610	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1611	initfont(font);
1612	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1613	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1614	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1615	updategeom();
1616	/* init atoms */
1617	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1618	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1619	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1620	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
1621	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
1622	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1623	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1624	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
1625	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
1626	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
1627	netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
1628	netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
1629	/* init cursors */
1630	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1631	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1632	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1633	/* init appearance */
1634	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1635	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1636	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1637	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1638	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1639	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1640	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1641	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1642	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1643	if(!dc.font.set)
1644		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1645	/* init bars */
1646	updatebars();
1647	updatestatus();
1648	/* EWMH support per view */
1649	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1650			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1651	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
1652	/* select for events */
1653	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1654	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask
1655	                |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
1656	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1657	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1658	grabkeys();
1659}
1660
1661void
1662showhide(Client *c) {
1663	if(!c)
1664		return;
1665	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1666		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1667		if((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && !c->isfullscreen)
1668			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
1669		showhide(c->snext);
1670	}
1671	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1672		showhide(c->snext);
1673		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
1674	}
1675}
1676
1677void
1678sigchld(int unused) {
1679	if(signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld) == SIG_ERR)
1680		die("Can't install SIGCHLD handler");
1681	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1682}
1683
1684void
1685spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1686	if(fork() == 0) {
1687		if(dpy)
1688			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1689		setsid();
1690		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1691		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1692		perror(" failed");
1693		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
1694	}
1695}
1696
1697void
1698tag(const Arg *arg) {
1699	if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1700		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1701		focus(NULL);
1702		arrange(selmon);
1703	}
1704}
1705
1706void
1707tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1708	if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
1709		return;
1710	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
1711}
1712
1713int
1714textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1715	XRectangle r;
1716
1717	if(dc.font.set) {
1718		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1719		return r.width;
1720	}
1721	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1722}
1723
1724void
1725tile(Monitor *m) {
1726	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my, ty;
1727	Client *c;
1728
1729	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1730	if(n == 0)
1731		return;
1732
1733	if(n > m->nmaster)
1734		mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
1735	else
1736		mw = m->ww;
1737	for(i = my = ty = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++)
1738		if(i < m->nmaster) {
1739			h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
1740			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), False);
1741			my += HEIGHT(c);
1742		}
1743		else {
1744			h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
1745			resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), False);
1746			ty += HEIGHT(c);
1747		}
1748}
1749
1750void
1751togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1752	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1753	updatebarpos(selmon);
1754	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1755	arrange(selmon);
1756}
1757
1758void
1759togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1760	if(!selmon->sel)
1761		return;
1762	if(selmon->sel->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
1763		return;
1764	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1765	if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1766		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
1767		       selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
1768	arrange(selmon);
1769}
1770
1771void
1772toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1773	unsigned int newtags;
1774
1775	if(!selmon->sel)
1776		return;
1777	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1778	if(newtags) {
1779		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
1780		focus(NULL);
1781		arrange(selmon);
1782	}
1783}
1784
1785void
1786toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1787	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1788
1789	if(newtagset) {
1790		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
1791		focus(NULL);
1792		arrange(selmon);
1793	}
1794}
1795
1796void
1797unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus) {
1798	if(!c)
1799		return;
1800	grabbuttons(c, False);
1801	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1802	if(setfocus) {
1803		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1804		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
1805	}
1806}
1807
1808void
1809unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed) {
1810	Monitor *m = c->mon;
1811	XWindowChanges wc;
1812
1813	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1814	detach(c);
1815	detachstack(c);
1816	if(!destroyed) {
1817		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1818		XGrabServer(dpy);
1819		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1820		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1821		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1822		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1823		XSync(dpy, False);
1824		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1825		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1826	}
1827	free(c);
1828	focus(NULL);
1829	updateclientlist();
1830	arrange(m);
1831}
1832
1833void
1834unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1835	Client *c;
1836	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1837
1838	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1839		if(ev->send_event)
1840			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1841		else
1842			unmanage(c, False);
1843	}
1844}
1845
1846void
1847updatebars(void) {
1848	Monitor *m;
1849	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
1850		.override_redirect = True,
1851		.background_pixmap = ParentRelative,
1852		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
1853	};
1854	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1855		if (m->barwin)
1856			continue;
1857		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1858		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1859		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1860		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1861		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1862	}
1863}
1864
1865void
1866updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1867	m->wy = m->my;
1868	m->wh = m->mh;
1869	if(m->showbar) {
1870		m->wh -= bh;
1871		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1872		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1873	}
1874	else
1875		m->by = -bh;
1876}
1877
1878void
1879updateclientlist() {
1880	Client *c;
1881	Monitor *m;
1882
1883	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
1884	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1885		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1886			XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
1887			                XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
1888			                (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
1889}
1890
1891Bool
1892updategeom(void) {
1893	Bool dirty = False;
1894
1895#ifdef XINERAMA
1896	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1897		int i, j, n, nn;
1898		Client *c;
1899		Monitor *m;
1900		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
1901		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
1902
1903		for(n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
1904		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
1905		if(!(unique = (XineramaScreenInfo *)malloc(sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn)))
1906			die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn);
1907		for(i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
1908			if(isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
1909				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
1910		XFree(info);
1911		nn = j;
1912		if(n <= nn) {
1913			for(i = 0; i < (nn - n); i++) { /* new monitors available */
1914				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1915				if(m)
1916					m->next = createmon();
1917				else
1918					mons = createmon();
1919			}
1920			for(i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
1921				if(i >= n
1922				|| (unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
1923				    || unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh))
1924				{
1925					dirty = True;
1926					m->num = i;
1927					m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
1928					m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
1929					m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
1930					m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
1931					updatebarpos(m);
1932				}
1933		}
1934		else { /* less monitors available nn < n */
1935			for(i = nn; i < n; i++) {
1936				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1937				while(m->clients) {
1938					dirty = True;
1939					c = m->clients;
1940					m->clients = c->next;
1941					detachstack(c);
1942					c->mon = mons;
1943					attach(c);
1944					attachstack(c);
1945				}
1946				if(m == selmon)
1947					selmon = mons;
1948				cleanupmon(m);
1949			}
1950		}
1951		free(unique);
1952	}
1953	else
1954#endif /* XINERAMA */
1955	/* default monitor setup */
1956	{
1957		if(!mons)
1958			mons = createmon();
1959		if(mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
1960			dirty = True;
1961			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
1962			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
1963			updatebarpos(mons);
1964		}
1965	}
1966	if(dirty) {
1967		selmon = mons;
1968		selmon = wintomon(root);
1969	}
1970	return dirty;
1971}
1972
1973void
1974updatenumlockmask(void) {
1975	unsigned int i, j;
1976	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1977
1978	numlockmask = 0;
1979	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1980	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1981		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1982			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1983			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1984				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1985	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1986}
1987
1988void
1989updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1990	long msize;
1991	XSizeHints size;
1992
1993	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1994		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1995		size.flags = PSize;
1996	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1997		c->basew = size.base_width;
1998		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1999	}
2000	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
2001		c->basew = size.min_width;
2002		c->baseh = size.min_height;
2003	}
2004	else
2005		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
2006	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
2007		c->incw = size.width_inc;
2008		c->inch = size.height_inc;
2009	}
2010	else
2011		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
2012	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
2013		c->maxw = size.max_width;
2014		c->maxh = size.max_height;
2015	}
2016	else
2017		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
2018	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
2019		c->minw = size.min_width;
2020		c->minh = size.min_height;
2021	}
2022	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
2023		c->minw = size.base_width;
2024		c->minh = size.base_height;
2025	}
2026	else
2027		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
2028	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
2029		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
2030		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
2031	}
2032	else
2033		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
2034	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
2035	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
2036}
2037
2038void
2039updatetitle(Client *c) {
2040	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
2041		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
2042	if(c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
2043		strcpy(c->name, broken);
2044}
2045
2046void
2047updatestatus(void) {
2048	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
2049		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
2050	drawbar(selmon);
2051}
2052
2053void
2054updatewindowtype(Client *c) {
2055	Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
2056	Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);
2057
2058	if(state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
2059		setfullscreen(c, True);
2060	if(wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
2061		c->isfloating = True;
2062}
2063
2064void
2065updatewmhints(Client *c) {
2066	XWMHints *wmh;
2067
2068	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
2069		if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
2070			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
2071			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
2072		}
2073		else
2074			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
2075		if(wmh->flags & InputHint)
2076			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
2077		else
2078			c->neverfocus = False;
2079		XFree(wmh);
2080	}
2081}
2082
2083void
2084view(const Arg *arg) {
2085	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
2086		return;
2087	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
2088	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
2089		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
2090	focus(NULL);
2091	arrange(selmon);
2092}
2093
2094Client *
2095wintoclient(Window w) {
2096	Client *c;
2097	Monitor *m;
2098
2099	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
2100		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
2101			if(c->win == w)
2102				return c;
2103	return NULL;
2104}
2105
2106Monitor *
2107wintomon(Window w) {
2108	int x, y;
2109	Client *c;
2110	Monitor *m;
2111
2112	if(w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
2113		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
2114	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
2115		if(w == m->barwin)
2116			return m;
2117	if((c = wintoclient(w)))
2118		return c->mon;
2119	return selmon;
2120}
2121
2122/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
2123 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
2124 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
2125int
2126xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2127	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
2128	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
2129	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2130	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2131	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2132	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
2133	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
2134	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
2135	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
2136		return 0;
2137	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
2138			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
2139	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
2140}
2141
2142int
2143xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2144	return 0;
2145}
2146
2147/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
2148 * is already running. */
2149int
2150xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2151	die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
2152	return -1;
2153}
2154
2155void
2156zoom(const Arg *arg) {
2157	Client *c = selmon->sel;
2158
2159	if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
2160	|| (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
2161		return;
2162	if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
2163		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
2164			return;
2165	pop(c);
2166}
2167
2168int
2169main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2170	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
2171		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2012 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
2172	else if(argc != 1)
2173		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
2174	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
2175		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
2176	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
2177		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
2178	checkotherwm();
2179	setup();
2180	scan();
2181	run();
2182	cleanup();
2183	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
2184	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
2185}