1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11 * in O(1) time.
  12 *
  13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
  15 * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
  16 * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17 * client.
  18 *
  19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20 *
  21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22 */
  23#include <errno.h>
  24#include <locale.h>
  25#include <stdarg.h>
  26#include <signal.h>
  27#include <stdio.h>
  28#include <stdlib.h>
  29#include <string.h>
  30#include <unistd.h>
  31#include <sys/types.h>
  32#include <sys/wait.h>
  33#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34#include <X11/keysym.h>
  35#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39#ifdef XINERAMA
  40#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41#endif /* XINERAMA */
  42
  43/* macros */
  44#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  48#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  49#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  50#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  53#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
  55#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState,
  61       NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetLast };     /* EWMH atoms */
  62enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
  63enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66typedef union {
  67	int i;
  68	unsigned int ui;
  69	float f;
  70	const void *v;
  71} Arg;
  72
  73typedef struct {
  74	unsigned int click;
  75	unsigned int mask;
  76	unsigned int button;
  77	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78	const Arg arg;
  79} Button;
  80
  81typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  82typedef struct Client Client;
  83struct Client {
  84	char name[256];
  85	float mina, maxa;
  86	int x, y, w, h;
  87	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
  88	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  89	int bw, oldbw;
  90	unsigned int tags;
  91	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate;
  92	Client *next;
  93	Client *snext;
  94	Monitor *mon;
  95	Window win;
  96};
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	int x, y, w, h;
 100	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
 101	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 102	Drawable drawable;
 103	GC gc;
 104	struct {
 105		int ascent;
 106		int descent;
 107		int height;
 108		XFontSet set;
 109		XFontStruct *xfont;
 110	} font;
 111} DC; /* draw context */
 112
 113typedef struct {
 114	unsigned int mod;
 115	KeySym keysym;
 116	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 117	const Arg arg;
 118} Key;
 119
 120typedef struct {
 121	const char *symbol;
 122	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 123} Layout;
 124
 125struct Monitor {
 126	char ltsymbol[16];
 127	float mfact;
 128	int num;
 129	int by;               /* bar geometry */
 130	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
 131	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 132	unsigned int seltags;
 133	unsigned int sellt;
 134	unsigned int tagset[2];
 135	Bool showbar;
 136	Bool topbar;
 137	Client *clients;
 138	Client *sel;
 139	Client *stack;
 140	Monitor *next;
 141	Window barwin;
 142	const Layout *lt[2];
 143};
 144
 145typedef struct {
 146	const char *class;
 147	const char *instance;
 148	const char *title;
 149	unsigned int tags;
 150	Bool isfloating;
 151	int monitor;
 152} Rule;
 153
 154/* function declarations */
 155static void applyrules(Client *c);
 156static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
 157static void arrange(Monitor *m);
 158static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
 159static void attach(Client *c);
 160static void attachstack(Client *c);
 161static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 162static void checkotherwm(void);
 163static void cleanup(void);
 164static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
 165static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 166static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
 167static void configure(Client *c);
 168static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 169static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 170static Monitor *createmon(void);
 171static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 172static void detach(Client *c);
 173static void detachstack(Client *c);
 174static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 175static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
 176static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 177static void drawbars(void);
 178static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 179static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 180static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 181static void expose(XEvent *e);
 182static void focus(Client *c);
 183static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 184static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 185static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 186static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 187static Bool getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
 188static long getstate(Window w);
 189static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 190static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 191static void grabkeys(void);
 192static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 193static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 194static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 195static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 196static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 197static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 198static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 199static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 200static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 201static void pop(Client *);
 202static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 203static Monitor *ptrtomon(int x, int y);
 204static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 205static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
 206static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 207static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 208static void restack(Monitor *m);
 209static void run(void);
 210static void scan(void);
 211static Bool sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
 212static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
 213static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 214static void setfocus(Client *c);
 215static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 216static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 217static void setup(void);
 218static void showhide(Client *c);
 219static void sigchld(int unused);
 220static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 221static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 222static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 223static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 224static void tile(Monitor *);
 225static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 226static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 227static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 228static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 229static void unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus);
 230static void unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed);
 231static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 232static Bool updategeom(void);
 233static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 234static void updatebars(void);
 235static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 236static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 237static void updatestatus(void);
 238static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 239static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 240static void view(const Arg *arg);
 241static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
 242static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
 243static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 244static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 245static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 246static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 247
 248/* variables */
 249static const char broken[] = "broken";
 250static char stext[256];
 251static int screen;
 252static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
 253static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 254static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 255static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 256static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 257	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 258	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
 259	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 260	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 261	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 262	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 263	[Expose] = expose,
 264	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 265	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 266	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 267	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 268	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 269	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 270};
 271static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 272static Bool running = True;
 273static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 274static Display *dpy;
 275static DC dc;
 276static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 277static Window root;
 278
 279/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 280#include "config.h"
 281
 282/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 283struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
 284
 285/* function implementations */
 286void
 287applyrules(Client *c) {
 288	const char *class, *instance;
 289	unsigned int i;
 290	const Rule *r;
 291	Monitor *m;
 292	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 293
 294	/* rule matching */
 295	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 296	if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 297		class = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
 298		instance = ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : broken;
 299		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 300			r = &rules[i];
 301			if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 302			&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
 303			&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
 304			{
 305				c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 306				c->tags |= r->tags;
 307				for(m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
 308				if(m)
 309					c->mon = m;
 310			}
 311		}
 312		if(ch.res_class)
 313			XFree(ch.res_class);
 314		if(ch.res_name)
 315			XFree(ch.res_name);
 316	}
 317	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 318}
 319
 320Bool
 321applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
 322	Bool baseismin;
 323	Monitor *m = c->mon;
 324
 325	/* set minimum possible */
 326	*w = MAX(1, *w);
 327	*h = MAX(1, *h);
 328	if(interact) {
 329		if(*x > sw)
 330			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 331		if(*y > sh)
 332			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 333		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 334			*x = 0;
 335		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 336			*y = 0;
 337	}
 338	else {
 339		if(*x > m->mx + m->mw)
 340			*x = m->mx + m->mw - WIDTH(c);
 341		if(*y > m->my + m->mh)
 342			*y = m->my + m->mh - HEIGHT(c);
 343		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < m->mx)
 344			*x = m->mx;
 345		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < m->my)
 346			*y = m->my;
 347	}
 348	if(*h < bh)
 349		*h = bh;
 350	if(*w < bh)
 351		*w = bh;
 352	if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 353		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 354		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 355		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 356			*w -= c->basew;
 357			*h -= c->baseh;
 358		}
 359		/* adjust for aspect limits */
 360		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 361			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 362				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
 363			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 364				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
 365		}
 366		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 367			*w -= c->basew;
 368			*h -= c->baseh;
 369		}
 370		/* adjust for increment value */
 371		if(c->incw)
 372			*w -= *w % c->incw;
 373		if(c->inch)
 374			*h -= *h % c->inch;
 375		/* restore base dimensions */
 376		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
 377		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
 378		if(c->maxw)
 379			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 380		if(c->maxh)
 381			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 382	}
 383	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 384}
 385
 386void
 387arrange(Monitor *m) {
 388	if(m)
 389		showhide(m->stack);
 390	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 391		showhide(m->stack);
 392	focus(NULL);
 393	if(m)
 394		arrangemon(m);
 395	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 396		arrangemon(m);
 397}
 398
 399void
 400arrangemon(Monitor *m) {
 401	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 402	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 403		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 404	restack(m);
 405}
 406
 407void
 408attach(Client *c) {
 409	c->next = c->mon->clients;
 410	c->mon->clients = c;
 411}
 412
 413void
 414attachstack(Client *c) {
 415	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 416	c->mon->stack = c;
 417}
 418
 419void
 420buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 421	unsigned int i, x, click;
 422	Arg arg = {0};
 423	Client *c;
 424	Monitor *m;
 425	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 426
 427	click = ClkRootWin;
 428	/* focus monitor if necessary */
 429	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 430		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
 431		selmon = m;
 432		focus(NULL);
 433	}
 434	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
 435		i = x = 0;
 436		do {
 437			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 438		} while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 439		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 440			click = ClkTagBar;
 441			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 442		}
 443		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 444			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 445		else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 446			click = ClkStatusText;
 447		else
 448			click = ClkWinTitle;
 449	}
 450	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 451		focus(c);
 452		click = ClkClientWin;
 453	}
 454	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 455		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 456		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 457			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 458}
 459
 460void
 461checkotherwm(void) {
 462	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 463	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 464	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 465	XSync(dpy, False);
 466	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 467	XSync(dpy, False);
 468}
 469
 470void
 471cleanup(void) {
 472	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 473	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 474	Monitor *m;
 475
 476	view(&a);
 477	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 478	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 479		while(m->stack)
 480			unmanage(m->stack, False);
 481	if(dc.font.set)
 482		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 483	else
 484		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 485	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 486	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 487	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 488	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 489	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 490	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 491	while(mons)
 492		cleanupmon(mons);
 493	XSync(dpy, False);
 494	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 495}
 496
 497void
 498cleanupmon(Monitor *mon) {
 499	Monitor *m;
 500
 501	if(mon == mons)
 502		mons = mons->next;
 503	else {
 504		for(m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
 505		m->next = mon->next;
 506	}
 507	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 508	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 509	free(mon);
 510}
 511
 512void
 513clearurgent(Client *c) {
 514	XWMHints *wmh;
 515
 516	c->isurgent = False;
 517	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 518		return;
 519	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 520	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 521	XFree(wmh);
 522}
 523
 524void
 525clientmessage(XEvent *e) {
 526	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
 527	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
 528
 529	if(!c)
 530		return;
 531	if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState] && cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]) {
 532		if(cme->data.l[0]) {
 533			XChangeProperty(dpy, cme->window, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
 534			                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
 535			c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
 536			c->oldbw = c->bw;
 537			c->bw = 0;
 538			c->isfloating = True;
 539			resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
 540			XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 541		}
 542		else {
 543			XChangeProperty(dpy, cme->window, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
 544			                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
 545			c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
 546			c->bw = c->oldbw;
 547			c->x = c->oldx;
 548			c->y = c->oldy;
 549			c->w = c->oldw;
 550			c->h = c->oldh;
 551			resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 552			arrange(c->mon);
 553		}
 554	}
 555	else if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
 556		if(!ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 557			c->mon->seltags ^= 1;                                   
 558			c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] = c->tags;   
 559		}
 560		pop(c);
 561	}
 562}
 563
 564void
 565configure(Client *c) {
 566	XConfigureEvent ce;
 567
 568	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 569	ce.display = dpy;
 570	ce.event = c->win;
 571	ce.window = c->win;
 572	ce.x = c->x;
 573	ce.y = c->y;
 574	ce.width = c->w;
 575	ce.height = c->h;
 576	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 577	ce.above = None;
 578	ce.override_redirect = False;
 579	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 580}
 581
 582void
 583configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 584	Monitor *m;
 585	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 586
 587	if(ev->window == root) {
 588		sw = ev->width;
 589		sh = ev->height;
 590		if(updategeom()) {
 591			if(dc.drawable != 0)
 592				XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 593			dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 594			updatebars();
 595			for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 596				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 597			arrange(NULL);
 598		}
 599	}
 600}
 601
 602void
 603configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 604	Client *c;
 605	Monitor *m;
 606	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 607	XWindowChanges wc;
 608
 609	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 610		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 611			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 612		else if(c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 613			m = c->mon;
 614			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 615				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
 616			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 617				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
 618			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 619				c->w = ev->width;
 620			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 621				c->h = ev->height;
 622			if((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
 623				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 624			if((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
 625				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 626			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 627				configure(c);
 628			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 629				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 630		}
 631		else
 632			configure(c);
 633	}
 634	else {
 635		wc.x = ev->x;
 636		wc.y = ev->y;
 637		wc.width = ev->width;
 638		wc.height = ev->height;
 639		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 640		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 641		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 642		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 643	}
 644	XSync(dpy, False);
 645}
 646
 647Monitor *
 648createmon(void) {
 649	Monitor *m;
 650
 651	if(!(m = (Monitor *)calloc(1, sizeof(Monitor))))
 652		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Monitor));
 653	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
 654	m->mfact = mfact;
 655	m->showbar = showbar;
 656	m->topbar = topbar;
 657	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
 658	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
 659	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 660	return m;
 661}
 662
 663void
 664destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 665	Client *c;
 666	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 667
 668	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 669		unmanage(c, True);
 670}
 671
 672void
 673detach(Client *c) {
 674	Client **tc;
 675
 676	for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 677	*tc = c->next;
 678}
 679
 680void
 681detachstack(Client *c) {
 682	Client **tc, *t;
 683
 684	for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 685	*tc = c->snext;
 686
 687	if(c == c->mon->sel) {
 688		for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
 689		c->mon->sel = t;
 690	}
 691}
 692
 693void
 694die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 695	va_list ap;
 696
 697	va_start(ap, errstr);
 698	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 699	va_end(ap);
 700	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 701}
 702
 703Monitor *
 704dirtomon(int dir) {
 705	Monitor *m = NULL;
 706
 707	if(dir > 0) {
 708		if(!(m = selmon->next))
 709			m = mons;
 710	}
 711	else {
 712		if(selmon == mons)
 713			for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
 714		else
 715			for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
 716	}
 717	return m;
 718}
 719
 720void
 721drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 722	int x;
 723	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 724	unsigned long *col;
 725	Client *c;
 726
 727	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 728		occ |= c->tags;
 729		if(c->isurgent)
 730			urg |= c->tags;
 731	}
 732	dc.x = 0;
 733	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 734		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 735		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 736		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 737		drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 738		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 739		dc.x += dc.w;
 740	}
 741	dc.w = blw = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
 742	drawtext(m->ltsymbol, dc.norm, False);
 743	dc.x += dc.w;
 744	x = dc.x;
 745	if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 746		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 747		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 748		if(dc.x < x) {
 749			dc.x = x;
 750			dc.w = m->ww - x;
 751		}
 752		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 753	}
 754	else
 755		dc.x = m->ww;
 756	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 757		dc.x = x;
 758		if(m->sel) {
 759			col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 760			drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 761			drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 762		}
 763		else
 764			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 765	}
 766	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 767	XSync(dpy, False);
 768}
 769
 770void
 771drawbars(void) {
 772	Monitor *m;
 773
 774	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 775		drawbar(m);
 776}
 777
 778void
 779drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 780	int x;
 781	XGCValues gcv;
 782	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 783
 784	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 785	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 786	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 787	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 788	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 789	if(filled) {
 790		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 791		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 792	}
 793	else if(empty) {
 794		r.width = r.height = x;
 795		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 796	}
 797}
 798
 799void
 800drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 801	char buf[256];
 802	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 803	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 804
 805	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 806	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 807	if(!text)
 808		return;
 809	olen = strlen(text);
 810	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 811	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 812	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 813	/* shorten text if necessary */
 814	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 815	if(!len)
 816		return;
 817	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 818	if(len < olen)
 819		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 820	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 821	if(dc.font.set)
 822		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 823	else
 824		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 825}
 826
 827void
 828enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 829	Monitor *m;
 830	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 831
 832	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 833		return;
 834	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 835		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
 836		selmon = m;
 837	}
 838	focus((wintoclient(ev->window)));
 839}
 840
 841void
 842expose(XEvent *e) {
 843	Monitor *m;
 844	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 845
 846	if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
 847		drawbar(m);
 848}
 849
 850void
 851focus(Client *c) {
 852	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 853		for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 854	/* was if(selmon->sel) */
 855	if(selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
 856		unfocus(selmon->sel, False);
 857	if(c) {
 858		if(c->mon != selmon)
 859			selmon = c->mon;
 860		if(c->isurgent)
 861			clearurgent(c);
 862		detachstack(c);
 863		attachstack(c);
 864		grabbuttons(c, True);
 865		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 866		setfocus(c);
 867	}
 868	else
 869		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 870	selmon->sel = c;
 871	drawbars();
 872}
 873
 874void
 875focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 876	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 877
 878	if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 879		setfocus(selmon->sel);
 880}
 881
 882void
 883focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 884	Monitor *m;
 885
 886	if(!mons->next)
 887		return;
 888	if((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
 889		return;
 890	unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
 891	selmon = m;
 892	focus(NULL);
 893}
 894
 895void
 896focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 897	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 898
 899	if(!selmon->sel)
 900		return;
 901	if(arg->i > 0) {
 902		for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 903		if(!c)
 904			for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 905	}
 906	else {
 907		for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 908			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 909				c = i;
 910		if(!c)
 911			for(; i; i = i->next)
 912				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 913					c = i;
 914	}
 915	if(c) {
 916		focus(c);
 917		restack(selmon);
 918	}
 919}
 920
 921unsigned long
 922getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 923	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 924	XColor color;
 925
 926	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 927		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 928	return color.pixel;
 929}
 930
 931Bool
 932getrootptr(int *x, int *y) {
 933	int di;
 934	unsigned int dui;
 935	Window dummy;
 936
 937	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
 938}
 939
 940long
 941getstate(Window w) {
 942	int format;
 943	long result = -1;
 944	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 945	unsigned long n, extra;
 946	Atom real;
 947
 948	if(XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 949	                      &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
 950		return -1;
 951	if(n != 0)
 952		result = *p;
 953	XFree(p);
 954	return result;
 955}
 956
 957Bool
 958gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 959	char **list = NULL;
 960	int n;
 961	XTextProperty name;
 962
 963	if(!text || size == 0)
 964		return False;
 965	text[0] = '\0';
 966	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 967	if(!name.nitems)
 968		return False;
 969	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 970		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 971	else {
 972		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
 973			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 974			XFreeStringList(list);
 975		}
 976	}
 977	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 978	XFree(name.value);
 979	return True;
 980}
 981
 982void
 983grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 984	updatenumlockmask();
 985	{
 986		unsigned int i, j;
 987		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 988		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 989		if(focused) {
 990			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 991				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 992					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 993						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 994						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 995						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 996						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 997		}
 998		else
 999			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
1000			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
1001	}
1002}
1003
1004void
1005grabkeys(void) {
1006	updatenumlockmask();
1007	{
1008		unsigned int i, j;
1009		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
1010		KeyCode code;
1011
1012		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1013		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
1014			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
1015				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
1016					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
1017						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1018		}
1019	}
1020}
1021
1022void
1023initfont(const char *fontstr) {
1024	char *def, **missing;
1025	int n;
1026
1027	missing = NULL;
1028	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
1029	if(missing) {
1030		while(n--)
1031			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
1032		XFreeStringList(missing);
1033	}
1034	if(dc.font.set) {
1035		XFontStruct **xfonts;
1036		char **font_names;
1037
1038		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
1039		XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
1040		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
1041		while(n--) {
1042			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
1043			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
1044			xfonts++;
1045		}
1046	}
1047	else {
1048		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
1049		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
1050			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
1051		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
1052		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
1053	}
1054	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
1055}
1056
1057#ifdef XINERAMA
1058static Bool
1059isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info) {
1060	while(n--)
1061		if(unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
1062		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
1063			return False;
1064	return True;
1065}
1066#endif /* XINERAMA */
1067
1068void
1069keypress(XEvent *e) {
1070	unsigned int i;
1071	KeySym keysym;
1072	XKeyEvent *ev;
1073
1074	ev = &e->xkey;
1075	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1076	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1077		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1078		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
1079		&& keys[i].func)
1080			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
1081}
1082
1083void
1084killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1085	if(!selmon->sel)
1086		return;
1087	if(!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
1088		XGrabServer(dpy);
1089		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1090		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
1091		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1092		XSync(dpy, False);
1093		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1094		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1095	}
1096}
1097
1098void
1099manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1100	Client *c, *t = NULL;
1101	Window trans = None;
1102	XWindowChanges wc;
1103
1104	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
1105		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1106	c->win = w;
1107	updatetitle(c);
1108	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
1109		c->mon = t->mon;
1110		c->tags = t->tags;
1111	}
1112	else {
1113		c->mon = selmon;
1114		applyrules(c);
1115	}
1116	/* geometry */
1117	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x + c->mon->wx;
1118	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y + c->mon->wy;
1119	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
1120	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
1121	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1122	if(c->w == c->mon->mw && c->h == c->mon->mh) {
1123		c->isfloating = True;
1124		c->x = c->mon->mx;
1125		c->y = c->mon->my;
1126		c->bw = 0;
1127	}
1128	else {
1129		if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
1130			c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
1131		if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
1132			c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
1133		c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
1134		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1135		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1136		           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
1137		c->bw = borderpx;
1138	}
1139	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1140	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1141	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1142	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1143	updatesizehints(c);
1144	updatewmhints(c);
1145	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1146	grabbuttons(c, False);
1147	if(!c->isfloating)
1148		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1149	if(c->isfloating)
1150		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1151	attach(c);
1152	attachstack(c);
1153	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1154	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1155	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1156	arrange(c->mon);
1157}
1158
1159void
1160mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1161	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1162
1163	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1164	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1165		grabkeys();
1166}
1167
1168void
1169maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1170	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1171	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1172
1173	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1174		return;
1175	if(wa.override_redirect)
1176		return;
1177	if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
1178		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1179}
1180
1181void
1182monocle(Monitor *m) {
1183	unsigned int n = 0;
1184	Client *c;
1185
1186	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1187		if(ISVISIBLE(c))
1188			n++;
1189	if(n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
1190		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
1191	for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1192		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1193}
1194
1195void
1196movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1197	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
1198	Client *c;
1199	Monitor *m;
1200	XEvent ev;
1201
1202	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1203		return;
1204	restack(selmon);
1205	ocx = c->x;
1206	ocy = c->y;
1207	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1208	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1209		return;
1210	if(!getrootptr(&x, &y))
1211		return;
1212	do {
1213		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1214		switch (ev.type) {
1215		case ConfigureRequest:
1216		case Expose:
1217		case MapRequest:
1218			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1219			break;
1220		case MotionNotify:
1221			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1222			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1223			if(nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1224			&& ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1225				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1226					nx = selmon->wx;
1227				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1228					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1229				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1230					ny = selmon->wy;
1231				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1232					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1233				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1234				&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1235					togglefloating(NULL);
1236			}
1237			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1238				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
1239			break;
1240		}
1241	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1242	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1243	if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1244		sendmon(c, m);
1245		selmon = m;
1246		focus(NULL);
1247	}
1248}
1249
1250Client *
1251nexttiled(Client *c) {
1252	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1253	return c;
1254}
1255
1256void
1257pop(Client *c) {
1258	detach(c);
1259	attach(c);
1260	focus(c);
1261	arrange(c->mon);
1262}
1263
1264void
1265propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1266	Client *c;
1267	Window trans;
1268	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1269
1270	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1271		updatestatus();
1272	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1273		return; /* ignore */
1274	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1275		switch (ev->atom) {
1276		default: break;
1277		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1278			if(!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
1279			   (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
1280				arrange(c->mon);
1281			break;
1282		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1283			updatesizehints(c);
1284			break;
1285		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1286			updatewmhints(c);
1287			drawbars();
1288			break;
1289		}
1290		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1291			updatetitle(c);
1292			if(c == c->mon->sel)
1293				drawbar(c->mon);
1294		}
1295	}
1296}
1297
1298Monitor *
1299ptrtomon(int x, int y) {
1300	Monitor *m;
1301
1302	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1303		if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh))
1304			return m;
1305	return selmon;
1306}
1307void
1308quit(const Arg *arg) {
1309	running = False;
1310}
1311
1312void
1313resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
1314	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
1315		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
1316}
1317
1318void
1319resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1320	XWindowChanges wc;
1321
1322	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
1323	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
1324	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
1325	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
1326	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1327	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1328	configure(c);
1329	XSync(dpy, False);
1330}
1331
1332void
1333resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1334	int ocx, ocy;
1335	int nw, nh;
1336	Client *c;
1337	Monitor *m;
1338	XEvent ev;
1339
1340	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1341		return;
1342	restack(selmon);
1343	ocx = c->x;
1344	ocy = c->y;
1345	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1346	                None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1347		return;
1348	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1349	do {
1350		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1351		switch(ev.type) {
1352		case ConfigureRequest:
1353		case Expose:
1354		case MapRequest:
1355			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1356			break;
1357		case MotionNotify:
1358			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1359			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1360			if(c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1361			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
1362			{
1363				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1364				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1365					togglefloating(NULL);
1366			}
1367			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1368				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1369			break;
1370		}
1371	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1372	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1373	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1374	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1375	if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1376		sendmon(c, m);
1377		selmon = m;
1378		focus(NULL);
1379	}
1380}
1381
1382void
1383restack(Monitor *m) {
1384	Client *c;
1385	XEvent ev;
1386	XWindowChanges wc;
1387
1388	drawbar(m);
1389	if(!m->sel)
1390		return;
1391	if(m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1392		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1393	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1394		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1395		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1396		for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1397			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1398				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1399				wc.sibling = c->win;
1400			}
1401	}
1402	XSync(dpy, False);
1403	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1404}
1405
1406void
1407run(void) {
1408	XEvent ev;
1409	/* main event loop */
1410	XSync(dpy, False);
1411	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1412		if(handler[ev.type])
1413			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
1414	}
1415}
1416
1417void
1418scan(void) {
1419	unsigned int i, num;
1420	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1421	XWindowAttributes wa;
1422
1423	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1424		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1425			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1426			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1427				continue;
1428			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1429				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1430		}
1431		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1432			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1433				continue;
1434			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1435			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1436				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1437		}
1438		if(wins)
1439			XFree(wins);
1440	}
1441}
1442
1443void
1444sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
1445	if(c->mon == m)
1446		return;
1447	unfocus(c, True);
1448	detach(c);
1449	detachstack(c);
1450	c->mon = m;
1451	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
1452	attach(c);
1453	attachstack(c);
1454	focus(NULL);
1455	arrange(NULL);
1456}
1457
1458void
1459setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1460	long data[] = { state, None };
1461
1462	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1463			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1464}
1465
1466Bool
1467sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto) {
1468	int n;
1469	Atom *protocols;
1470	Bool exists = False;
1471	XEvent ev;
1472
1473	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
1474		while(!exists && n--)
1475			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
1476		XFree(protocols);
1477	}
1478	if(exists) {
1479		ev.type = ClientMessage;
1480		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
1481		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1482		ev.xclient.format = 32;
1483		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
1484		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1485		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1486	}
1487	return exists;
1488}
1489
1490void
1491setfocus(Client *c) {
1492	if(!c->neverfocus)
1493		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1494	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
1495}
1496
1497void
1498setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1499	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
1500		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1501	if(arg && arg->v)
1502		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1503	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
1504	if(selmon->sel)
1505		arrange(selmon);
1506	else
1507		drawbar(selmon);
1508}
1509
1510/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1511void
1512setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1513	float f;
1514
1515	if(!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1516		return;
1517	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1518	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1519		return;
1520	selmon->mfact = f;
1521	arrange(selmon);
1522}
1523
1524void
1525setup(void) {
1526	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1527
1528	/* clean up any zombies immediately */
1529	sigchld(0);
1530
1531	/* init screen */
1532	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1533	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1534	initfont(font);
1535	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1536	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1537	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1538	updategeom();
1539	/* init atoms */
1540	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1541	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1542	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1543        netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
1544	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
1545	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1546	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1547	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
1548	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
1549	/* init cursors */
1550	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1551	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1552	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1553	/* init appearance */
1554	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1555	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1556	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1557	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1558	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1559	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1560	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1561	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1562	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1563	if(!dc.font.set)
1564		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1565	/* init bars */
1566	updatebars();
1567	updatestatus();
1568	/* EWMH support per view */
1569	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1570			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1571	/* select for events */
1572	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1573	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1574	                |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1575	                |PropertyChangeMask;
1576	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1577	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1578	grabkeys();
1579}
1580
1581void
1582showhide(Client *c) {
1583	if(!c)
1584		return;
1585	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1586		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1587		if(!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1588			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
1589		showhide(c->snext);
1590	}
1591	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1592		showhide(c->snext);
1593		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1594	}
1595}
1596
1597void
1598sigchld(int unused) {
1599	if(signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld) == SIG_ERR)
1600		die("Can't install SIGCHLD handler");
1601	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1602}
1603
1604void
1605spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1606	if(fork() == 0) {
1607		if(dpy)
1608			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1609		setsid();
1610		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1611		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1612		perror(" failed");
1613		exit(0);
1614	}
1615}
1616
1617void
1618tag(const Arg *arg) {
1619	if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1620		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1621		arrange(selmon);
1622	}
1623}
1624
1625void
1626tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1627	if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
1628		return;
1629	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
1630}
1631
1632int
1633textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1634	XRectangle r;
1635
1636	if(dc.font.set) {
1637		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1638		return r.width;
1639	}
1640	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1641}
1642
1643void
1644tile(Monitor *m) {
1645	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1646	unsigned int i, n;
1647	Client *c;
1648
1649	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1650	if(n == 0)
1651		return;
1652	/* master */
1653	c = nexttiled(m->clients);
1654	mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1655	resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1656	if(--n == 0)
1657		return;
1658	/* tile stack */
1659	x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1660	y = m->wy;
1661	w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1662	h = m->wh / n;
1663	if(h < bh)
1664		h = m->wh;
1665	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1666		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1667		       ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), False);
1668		if(h != m->wh)
1669			y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1670	}
1671}
1672
1673void
1674togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1675	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1676	updatebarpos(selmon);
1677	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1678	arrange(selmon);
1679}
1680
1681void
1682togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1683	if(!selmon->sel)
1684		return;
1685	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1686	if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1687		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
1688		       selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
1689	arrange(selmon);
1690}
1691
1692void
1693toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1694	unsigned int newtags;
1695
1696	if(!selmon->sel)
1697		return;
1698	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1699	if(newtags) {
1700		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
1701		arrange(selmon);
1702	}
1703}
1704
1705void
1706toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1707	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1708
1709	if(newtagset) {
1710		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
1711		arrange(selmon);
1712	}
1713}
1714
1715void
1716unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus) {
1717	if(!c)
1718		return;
1719	grabbuttons(c, False);
1720	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1721	if(setfocus)
1722		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1723}
1724
1725void
1726unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed) {
1727	Monitor *m = c->mon;
1728	XWindowChanges wc;
1729
1730	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1731	detach(c);
1732	detachstack(c);
1733	if(!destroyed) {
1734		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1735		XGrabServer(dpy);
1736		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1737		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1738		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1739		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1740		XSync(dpy, False);
1741		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1742		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1743	}
1744	free(c);
1745	focus(NULL);
1746	arrange(m);
1747}
1748
1749void
1750unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1751	Client *c;
1752	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1753
1754	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
1755		unmanage(c, False);
1756}
1757
1758void
1759updatebars(void) {
1760	Monitor *m;
1761	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1762
1763	wa.override_redirect = True;
1764	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1765	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1766	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1767		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1768		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1769		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1770		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1771		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1772	}
1773}
1774
1775void
1776updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1777	m->wy = m->my;
1778	m->wh = m->mh;
1779	if(m->showbar) {
1780		m->wh -= bh;
1781		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1782		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1783	}
1784	else
1785		m->by = -bh;
1786}
1787
1788Bool
1789updategeom(void) {
1790	Bool dirty = False;
1791
1792#ifdef XINERAMA
1793	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1794		int i, j, n, nn;
1795		Client *c;
1796		Monitor *m;
1797		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
1798		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
1799
1800		for(n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
1801		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
1802		if(!(unique = (XineramaScreenInfo *)malloc(sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn)))
1803			die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn);
1804		for(i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
1805			if(isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
1806				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
1807		XFree(info);
1808		nn = j;
1809		if(n <= nn) {
1810			for(i = 0; i < (nn - n); i++) { /* new monitors available */
1811				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1812				if(m)
1813					m->next = createmon();
1814				else
1815					mons = createmon();
1816			}
1817			for(i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
1818				if(i >= n
1819				|| (unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
1820				    || unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh))
1821				{
1822					dirty = True;
1823					m->num = i;
1824					m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
1825					m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
1826					m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
1827					m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
1828					updatebarpos(m);
1829				}
1830		}
1831		else { /* less monitors available nn < n */
1832			for(i = nn; i < n; i++) {
1833				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1834				while(m->clients) {
1835					dirty = True;
1836					c = m->clients;
1837					m->clients = c->next;
1838					detachstack(c);
1839					c->mon = mons;
1840					attach(c);
1841					attachstack(c);
1842				}
1843				if(m == selmon)
1844					selmon = mons;
1845				cleanupmon(m);
1846			}
1847		}
1848		free(unique);
1849	}
1850	else
1851#endif /* XINERAMA */
1852	/* default monitor setup */
1853	{
1854		if(!mons)
1855			mons = createmon();
1856		if(mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
1857			dirty = True;
1858			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
1859			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
1860			updatebarpos(mons);
1861		}
1862	}
1863	if(dirty) {
1864		selmon = mons;
1865		selmon = wintomon(root);
1866	}
1867	return dirty;
1868}
1869
1870void
1871updatenumlockmask(void) {
1872	unsigned int i, j;
1873	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1874
1875	numlockmask = 0;
1876	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1877	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1878		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1879			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1880			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1881				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1882	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1883}
1884
1885void
1886updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1887	long msize;
1888	XSizeHints size;
1889
1890	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1891		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1892		size.flags = PSize;
1893	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1894		c->basew = size.base_width;
1895		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1896	}
1897	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1898		c->basew = size.min_width;
1899		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1900	}
1901	else
1902		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1903	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1904		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1905		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1906	}
1907	else
1908		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1909	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1910		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1911		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1912	}
1913	else
1914		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1915	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1916		c->minw = size.min_width;
1917		c->minh = size.min_height;
1918	}
1919	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1920		c->minw = size.base_width;
1921		c->minh = size.base_height;
1922	}
1923	else
1924		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1925	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1926		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
1927		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
1928	}
1929	else
1930		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1931	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1932	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1933}
1934
1935void
1936updatetitle(Client *c) {
1937	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1938		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1939	if(c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
1940		strcpy(c->name, broken);
1941}
1942
1943void
1944updatestatus(void) {
1945	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1946		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1947	drawbar(selmon);
1948}
1949
1950void
1951updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1952	XWMHints *wmh;
1953
1954	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1955		if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1956			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1957			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1958		}
1959		else
1960			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1961		if(wmh->flags & InputHint)
1962			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
1963		else
1964			c->neverfocus = False;
1965		XFree(wmh);
1966	}
1967}
1968
1969void
1970view(const Arg *arg) {
1971	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1972		return;
1973	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1974	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1975		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1976	arrange(selmon);
1977}
1978
1979Client *
1980wintoclient(Window w) {
1981	Client *c;
1982	Monitor *m;
1983
1984	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1985		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1986			if(c->win == w)
1987				return c;
1988	return NULL;
1989}
1990
1991Monitor *
1992wintomon(Window w) {
1993	int x, y;
1994	Client *c;
1995	Monitor *m;
1996
1997	if(w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
1998		return ptrtomon(x, y);
1999	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
2000		if(w == m->barwin)
2001			return m;
2002	if((c = wintoclient(w)))
2003		return c->mon;
2004	return selmon;
2005}
2006
2007/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
2008 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
2009 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
2010int
2011xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2012	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
2013	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
2014	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2015	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2016	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
2017	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
2018	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
2019	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
2020	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
2021		return 0;
2022	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
2023			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
2024	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
2025}
2026
2027int
2028xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2029	return 0;
2030}
2031
2032/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
2033 * is already running. */
2034int
2035xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
2036	die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
2037	return -1;
2038}
2039
2040void
2041zoom(const Arg *arg) {
2042	Client *c = selmon->sel;
2043
2044	if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
2045	|| selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle
2046	|| (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
2047		return;
2048	if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
2049		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
2050			return;
2051	pop(c);
2052}
2053
2054int
2055main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2056	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
2057		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2010 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
2058	else if(argc != 1)
2059		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
2060	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
2061		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
2062	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
2063		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
2064	checkotherwm();
2065	setup();
2066	scan();
2067	run();
2068	cleanup();
2069	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
2070	return 0;
2071}