1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11 * in O(1) time.
  12 *
  13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  15 * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  16 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17 * client.
  18 *
  19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20 *
  21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22 */
  23#include <errno.h>
  24#include <locale.h>
  25#include <stdarg.h>
  26#include <signal.h>
  27#include <stdio.h>
  28#include <stdlib.h>
  29#include <string.h>
  30#include <unistd.h>
  31#include <sys/types.h>
  32#include <sys/wait.h>
  33#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34#include <X11/keysym.h>
  35#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39#ifdef XINERAMA
  40#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41#endif /* XINERAMA */
  42
  43/* macros */
  44#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47#define ISVISIBLE(M, C)         ((M) == (C->m) && (C->tags & M->tagset[M->seltags]))
  48#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  49#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  50#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  53#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54#define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  62enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65typedef union {
  66	int i;
  67	unsigned int ui;
  68	float f;
  69	void *v;
  70} Arg;
  71
  72typedef struct {
  73	unsigned int click;
  74	unsigned int mask;
  75	unsigned int button;
  76	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  77	const Arg arg;
  78} Button;
  79
  80typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  81typedef struct Client Client;
  82struct Client {
  83	char name[256];
  84	float mina, maxa;
  85	int x, y, w, h;
  86	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87	int bw, oldbw;
  88	unsigned int tags;
  89	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90	Client *next;
  91	Client *snext;
  92	Monitor *m;
  93	Window win;
  94};
  95
  96typedef struct {
  97	int x, y, w, h;
  98	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  99	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 100	Drawable drawable;
 101	GC gc;
 102	struct {
 103		int ascent;
 104		int descent;
 105		int height;
 106		XFontSet set;
 107		XFontStruct *xfont;
 108	} font;
 109} DC; /* draw context */
 110
 111typedef struct {
 112	unsigned int mod;
 113	KeySym keysym;
 114	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 115	const Arg arg;
 116} Key;
 117
 118typedef struct {
 119	const char *symbol;
 120	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 121} Layout;
 122
 123struct Monitor {
 124	int screen_number;
 125	float mfact;
 126	int by, btx;          /* bar geometry */
 127	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 128	unsigned int seltags;
 129	unsigned int sellt;
 130	unsigned int tagset[2];
 131	Bool showbar;
 132	Bool topbar;
 133	Window barwin;
 134	Monitor *next;
 135};
 136
 137typedef struct {
 138	const char *class;
 139	const char *instance;
 140	const char *title;
 141	unsigned int tags;
 142	Bool isfloating;
 143} Rule;
 144
 145/* function declarations */
 146static void applyrules(Client *c);
 147static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h);
 148static void arrange(void);
 149static void attach(Client *c);
 150static void attachstack(Client *c);
 151static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 152static void checkotherwm(void);
 153static void cleanup(void);
 154static void cleanupmons(void);
 155static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 156static void configure(Client *c);
 157static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 158static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 159static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 160static void detach(Client *c);
 161static void detachstack(Client *c);
 162static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 163static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 164static void drawbars();
 165static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 166static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 167static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 168static void expose(XEvent *e);
 169static void focus(Client *c);
 170static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 171static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 172static Client *getclient(Window w);
 173static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 174static long getstate(Window w);
 175static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 176static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 177static void grabkeys(void);
 178static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 179static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 180static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 181static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 182static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 183static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 184static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 185static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 186static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 187static Client *nexttiled(Monitor *m, Client *c);
 188static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 189static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 190static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 191static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 192static void restack(Monitor *m);
 193static void run(void);
 194static void scan(void);
 195static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 196static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 197static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 198static void setup(void);
 199static void showhide(Client *c);
 200static void sigchld(int signal);
 201static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 202static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 203static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 204static void tile(Monitor *);
 205static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 206static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 207static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 208static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 209static void unmanage(Client *c);
 210static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 211static void updategeom(void);
 212static void updatebars(void);
 213static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 214static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 215static void updatestatus(void);
 216static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 217static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 218static void view(const Arg *arg);
 219static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 220static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 221static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 222static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 223#ifdef XINERAMA
 224static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 225static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 226#endif /* XINERAMA */
 227
 228/* variables */
 229static char stext[256];
 230static int screen;
 231static int sx, sy, sw, sh;   /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 232static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 233static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 234static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 235static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 236	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 237	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 238	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 239	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 240	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 241	[Expose] = expose,
 242	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 243	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 244	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 245	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 246	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 247	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 248};
 249static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 250static Bool otherwm;
 251static Bool running = True;
 252static Client *clients = NULL;
 253static Client *sel = NULL;
 254static Client *stack = NULL;
 255static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 256static Display *dpy;
 257static DC dc;
 258static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 259static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 260static Window root;
 261/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 262#include "config.h"
 263
 264/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 265struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 266
 267/* function implementations */
 268void
 269applyrules(Client *c) {
 270	unsigned int i;
 271	Rule *r;
 272	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 273
 274	/* rule matching */
 275	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 276	if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 277		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 278			r = &rules[i];
 279			if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 280			&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 281			&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 282				c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 283				c->tags |= r->tags;
 284			}
 285		}
 286		if(ch.res_class)
 287			XFree(ch.res_class);
 288		if(ch.res_name)
 289			XFree(ch.res_name);
 290	}
 291	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->m->tagset[c->m->seltags];
 292}
 293
 294Bool
 295applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h) {
 296	Bool baseismin;
 297
 298	/* set minimum possible */
 299	*w = MAX(1, *w);
 300	*h = MAX(1, *h);
 301
 302	if(*x > sx + sw)
 303		*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 304	if(*y > sy + sh)
 305		*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 306	if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
 307		*x = sx;
 308	if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
 309		*y = sy;
 310	if(*h < bh)
 311		*h = bh;
 312	if(*w < bh)
 313		*w = bh;
 314
 315	if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 316		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 317		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 318
 319		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 320			*w -= c->basew;
 321			*h -= c->baseh;
 322		}
 323
 324		/* adjust for aspect limits */
 325		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 326			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 327				*w = *h * c->maxa;
 328			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 329				*h = *w * c->mina;
 330		}
 331
 332		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 333			*w -= c->basew;
 334			*h -= c->baseh;
 335		}
 336
 337		/* adjust for increment value */
 338		if(c->incw)
 339			*w -= *w % c->incw;
 340		if(c->inch)
 341			*h -= *h % c->inch;
 342
 343		/* restore base dimensions */
 344		*w += c->basew;
 345		*h += c->baseh;
 346
 347		*w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 348		*h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 349
 350		if(c->maxw)
 351			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 352
 353		if(c->maxh)
 354			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 355	}
 356	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 357}
 358
 359void
 360arrange(void) {
 361	Monitor *m;
 362
 363	showhide(stack);
 364	focus(NULL);
 365	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
 366		if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 367			lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 368		restack(m);
 369	}
 370}
 371
 372void
 373attach(Client *c) {
 374	c->next = clients;
 375	clients = c;
 376}
 377
 378void
 379attachstack(Client *c) {
 380	c->snext = stack;
 381	stack = c;
 382}
 383
 384void
 385buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 386	unsigned int i, x, click;
 387	Arg arg = {0};
 388	Client *c;
 389	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 390
 391	click = ClkRootWin;
 392	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
 393		i = 0;
 394		x = selmon->btx;
 395		do
 396			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 397		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 398		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 399			click = ClkTagBar;
 400			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 401		}
 402		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 403			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 404		else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 405			click = ClkStatusText;
 406		else
 407			click = ClkWinTitle;
 408	}
 409	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 410		focus(c);
 411		click = ClkClientWin;
 412	}
 413
 414	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 415		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 416		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 417			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 418}
 419
 420void
 421checkotherwm(void) {
 422	otherwm = False;
 423	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 424
 425	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 426	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 427	XSync(dpy, False);
 428	if(otherwm)
 429		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 430	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 431	XSync(dpy, False);
 432}
 433
 434void
 435cleanup(void) {
 436	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 437	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 438
 439	view(&a);
 440	lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 441	while(stack)
 442		unmanage(stack);
 443	if(dc.font.set)
 444		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 445	else
 446		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 447	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 448	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 449	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 450	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 451	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 452	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 453	cleanupmons();
 454	XSync(dpy, False);
 455	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 456}
 457
 458void
 459cleanupmons(void) {
 460	Monitor *m;
 461
 462	while(mons) {
 463		m = mons->next;
 464		XUnmapWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 465		XDestroyWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 466		free(mons);
 467		mons = m;
 468	}
 469}
 470
 471void
 472clearurgent(Client *c) {
 473	XWMHints *wmh;
 474
 475	c->isurgent = False;
 476	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 477		return;
 478	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 479	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 480	XFree(wmh);
 481}
 482
 483void
 484configure(Client *c) {
 485	XConfigureEvent ce;
 486
 487	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 488	ce.display = dpy;
 489	ce.event = c->win;
 490	ce.window = c->win;
 491	ce.x = c->x;
 492	ce.y = c->y;
 493	ce.width = c->w;
 494	ce.height = c->h;
 495	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 496	ce.above = None;
 497	ce.override_redirect = False;
 498	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 499}
 500
 501void
 502configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 503	Monitor *m;
 504	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 505
 506	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 507		sw = ev->width;
 508		sh = ev->height;
 509		updategeom();
 510		if(dc.drawable != 0)
 511			XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 512		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 513		updatebars();
 514		for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 515			XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 516		arrange();
 517	}
 518}
 519
 520void
 521configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 522	Client *c;
 523	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 524	XWindowChanges wc;
 525
 526	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 527		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 528			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 529		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 530			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 531				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 532			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 533				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 534			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 535				c->w = ev->width;
 536			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 537				c->h = ev->height;
 538			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 539				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 540			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 541				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 542			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 543				configure(c);
 544			if(ISVISIBLE((c->m), c))
 545				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 546		}
 547		else
 548			configure(c);
 549	}
 550	else {
 551		wc.x = ev->x;
 552		wc.y = ev->y;
 553		wc.width = ev->width;
 554		wc.height = ev->height;
 555		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 556		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 557		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 558		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 559	}
 560	XSync(dpy, False);
 561}
 562
 563void
 564destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 565	Client *c;
 566	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 567
 568	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 569		unmanage(c);
 570}
 571
 572void
 573detach(Client *c) {
 574	Client **tc;
 575
 576	for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 577	*tc = c->next;
 578}
 579
 580void
 581detachstack(Client *c) {
 582	Client **tc;
 583
 584	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 585	*tc = c->snext;
 586}
 587
 588void
 589die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 590	va_list ap;
 591
 592	va_start(ap, errstr);
 593	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 594	va_end(ap);
 595	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 596}
 597
 598void
 599drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 600	int x;
 601	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 602	unsigned long *col;
 603	Client *c;
 604
 605	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 606		if(m == c->m) {
 607			occ |= c->tags;
 608			if(c->isurgent)
 609				urg |= c->tags;
 610		}
 611	}
 612
 613	dc.x = 0;
 614#ifdef XINERAMA
 615	{
 616		/*
 617		dc.w = TEXTW(m->symbol);
 618		drawtext(NULL, selmon == m ? dc.sel : dc.norm, False);
 619		dc.x += dc.w;
 620		*/
 621	}
 622#endif /* XINERAMA */
 623	m->btx = dc.x;
 624	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 625		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 626		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 627		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 628		drawsquare(m == selmon && sel && sel->tags & 1 << i,
 629		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 630		dc.x += dc.w;
 631	}
 632	if(blw > 0) {
 633		dc.w = blw;
 634		drawtext(lt[m->sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 635		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 636	}
 637	else
 638		x = dc.x;
 639	if(m == selmon) {
 640		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 641		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 642		if(dc.x < x) {
 643			dc.x = x;
 644			dc.w = m->ww - x;
 645		}
 646		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 647		if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 648			dc.x = x;
 649			if(sel) {
 650				drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 651				drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 652			}
 653			else
 654				drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 655		}
 656	}
 657	else {
 658		dc.x = x;
 659		dc.w = m->ww - x;
 660		drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 661	}
 662	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 663	XSync(dpy, False);
 664}
 665
 666void
 667drawbars() {
 668	Monitor *m;
 669
 670	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 671		drawbar(m);
 672}
 673
 674void
 675drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 676	int x;
 677	XGCValues gcv;
 678	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 679
 680	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 681	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 682	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 683	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 684	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 685	if(filled) {
 686		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 687		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 688	}
 689	else if(empty) {
 690		r.width = r.height = x;
 691		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 692	}
 693}
 694
 695void
 696drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 697	char buf[256];
 698	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 699	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 700
 701	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 702	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 703	if(!text)
 704		return;
 705	olen = strlen(text);
 706	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 707	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 708	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 709	/* shorten text if necessary */
 710	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 711	if(!len)
 712		return;
 713	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 714	if(len < olen)
 715		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 716	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 717	if(dc.font.set)
 718		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 719	else
 720		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 721}
 722
 723void
 724enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 725	Client *c;
 726	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 727
 728	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 729		return;
 730	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 731		focus(c);
 732	else
 733		focus(NULL);
 734}
 735
 736void
 737expose(XEvent *e) {
 738	Monitor *m;
 739	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 740
 741	if(ev->count == 0)
 742		for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 743			if(ev->window == m->barwin) {
 744				drawbar(m);
 745				break;
 746			}
 747}
 748
 749void
 750focus(Client *c) {
 751	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE((c->m), c))
 752		for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(selmon, c); c = c->snext);
 753	if(sel && sel != c) {
 754		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 755		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 756	}
 757	if(c) {
 758		if(c->isurgent)
 759			clearurgent(c);
 760		detachstack(c);
 761		attachstack(c);
 762		grabbuttons(c, True);
 763		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 764		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 765	}
 766	else
 767		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 768	sel = c;
 769	drawbars();
 770}
 771
 772void
 773focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 774	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 775
 776	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 777		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 778}
 779
 780#ifdef XINERAMA
 781void
 782focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 783	unsigned int i;
 784	Monitor *m; 
 785
 786	for(i = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, i++)
 787		if(i == arg->ui) {
 788			selmon = m;
 789			focus(NULL);
 790			drawbars();
 791			break;
 792		}
 793}
 794#endif /* XINERAMA */
 795
 796void
 797focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 798	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 799
 800	if(!sel)
 801		return;
 802	if(arg->i > 0) {
 803		for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(selmon, c); c = c->next);
 804		if(!c)
 805			for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(selmon, c); c = c->next);
 806	}
 807	else {
 808		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 809			if(ISVISIBLE(selmon, i))
 810				c = i;
 811		if(!c)
 812			for(; i; i = i->next)
 813				if(ISVISIBLE(selmon, i))
 814					c = i;
 815	}
 816	if(c) {
 817		focus(c);
 818		restack(selmon);
 819	}
 820}
 821
 822Client *
 823getclient(Window w) {
 824	Client *c;
 825
 826	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 827	return c;
 828}
 829
 830unsigned long
 831getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 832	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 833	XColor color;
 834
 835	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 836		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 837	return color.pixel;
 838}
 839
 840long
 841getstate(Window w) {
 842	int format, status;
 843	long result = -1;
 844	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 845	unsigned long n, extra;
 846	Atom real;
 847
 848	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 849			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 850	if(status != Success)
 851		return -1;
 852	if(n != 0)
 853		result = *p;
 854	XFree(p);
 855	return result;
 856}
 857
 858Bool
 859gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 860	char **list = NULL;
 861	int n;
 862	XTextProperty name;
 863
 864	if(!text || size == 0)
 865		return False;
 866	text[0] = '\0';
 867	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 868	if(!name.nitems)
 869		return False;
 870	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 871		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 872	else {
 873		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 874		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 875			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 876			XFreeStringList(list);
 877		}
 878	}
 879	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 880	XFree(name.value);
 881	return True;
 882}
 883
 884void
 885grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 886	updatenumlockmask();
 887	{
 888		unsigned int i, j;
 889		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 890		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 891		if(focused) {
 892			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 893				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 894					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 895						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 896						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 897						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 898						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 899		} else
 900			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 901			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 902	}
 903}
 904
 905void
 906grabkeys(void) {
 907	updatenumlockmask();
 908	{ /* grab keys */
 909		unsigned int i, j;
 910		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 911		KeyCode code;
 912
 913		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 914		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 915			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 916				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 917					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 918						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 919		}
 920	}
 921}
 922
 923void
 924initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 925	char *def, **missing;
 926	int i, n;
 927
 928	missing = NULL;
 929	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 930	if(missing) {
 931		while(n--)
 932			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 933		XFreeStringList(missing);
 934	}
 935	if(dc.font.set) {
 936		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 937		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 938		char **font_names;
 939		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 940		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 941		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 942		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 943			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 944			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 945			xfonts++;
 946		}
 947	}
 948	else {
 949		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 950		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 951			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 952		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 953		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 954	}
 955	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 956}
 957
 958Bool
 959isprotodel(Client *c) {
 960	int i, n;
 961	Atom *protocols;
 962	Bool ret = False;
 963
 964	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 965		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 966			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 967				ret = True;
 968		XFree(protocols);
 969	}
 970	return ret;
 971}
 972
 973void
 974keypress(XEvent *e) {
 975	unsigned int i;
 976	KeySym keysym;
 977	XKeyEvent *ev;
 978
 979	ev = &e->xkey;
 980	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 981	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 982		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 983		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 984		   && keys[i].func)
 985			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 986}
 987
 988void
 989killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 990	XEvent ev;
 991
 992	if(!sel)
 993		return;
 994	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 995		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 996		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 997		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 998		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 999		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1000		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1001		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1002	}
1003	else
1004		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
1005}
1006
1007void
1008manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1009	static Client cz;
1010	Client *c, *t = NULL;
1011	Window trans = None;
1012	XWindowChanges wc;
1013
1014	if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
1015		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1016	*c = cz;
1017	c->win = w;
1018	c->m = selmon;
1019
1020	/* geometry */
1021	c->x = wa->x;
1022	c->y = wa->y;
1023	c->w = wa->width;
1024	c->h = wa->height;
1025	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1026	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1027		c->x = sx;
1028		c->y = sy;
1029		c->bw = 0;
1030	}
1031	else {
1032		if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
1033			c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
1034		if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
1035			c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
1036		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
1037		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1038		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((selmon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= selmon->wx)
1039		           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < selmon->wx + selmon->ww)) ? bh : sy);
1040		c->bw = borderpx;
1041	}
1042
1043	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1044	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1045	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1046	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1047	updatesizehints(c);
1048	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1049	grabbuttons(c, False);
1050	updatetitle(c);
1051	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
1052		t = getclient(trans);
1053	if(t)
1054		c->tags = t->tags;
1055	else
1056		applyrules(c);
1057	if(!c->isfloating)
1058		c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1059	if(c->isfloating)
1060		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1061	attach(c);
1062	attachstack(c);
1063	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1064	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1065	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1066	arrange();
1067}
1068
1069void
1070mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1071	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1072
1073	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1074	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1075		grabkeys();
1076}
1077
1078void
1079maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1080	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1081	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1082
1083	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1084		return;
1085	if(wa.override_redirect)
1086		return;
1087	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1088		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1089}
1090
1091void
1092monocle(Monitor *m) {
1093	Client *c;
1094
1095	for(c = nexttiled(m, clients); c; c = nexttiled(m, c->next))
1096		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw);
1097}
1098
1099void
1100movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1101	int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1102	unsigned int dui;
1103	Client *c;
1104	Window dummy;
1105	XEvent ev;
1106
1107	if(!(c = sel))
1108		return;
1109	restack(selmon);
1110	ocx = c->x;
1111	ocy = c->y;
1112	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1113	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1114		return;
1115	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
1116	do {
1117		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1118		switch (ev.type) {
1119		case ConfigureRequest:
1120		case Expose:
1121		case MapRequest:
1122			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1123			break;
1124		case MotionNotify:
1125			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1126			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1127			if(snap && nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1128			        && ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1129				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1130					nx = selmon->wx;
1131				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1132					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1133				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1134					ny = selmon->wy;
1135				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1136					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1137				if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1138				                  && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1139					togglefloating(NULL);
1140			}
1141			if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1142				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h);
1143			break;
1144		}
1145	}
1146	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1147	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1148}
1149
1150Client *
1151nexttiled(Monitor *m, Client *c) {
1152	// TODO: m handling
1153	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(m, c)); c = c->next);
1154	return c;
1155}
1156
1157void
1158propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1159	Client *c;
1160	Window trans;
1161	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1162
1163	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1164		updatestatus();
1165	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1166		return; /* ignore */
1167	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1168		switch (ev->atom) {
1169		default: break;
1170		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1171			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1172			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1173				arrange();
1174			break;
1175		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1176			updatesizehints(c);
1177			break;
1178		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1179			updatewmhints(c);
1180			drawbars();
1181			break;
1182		}
1183		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1184			updatetitle(c);
1185			if(c == sel)
1186				drawbars();
1187		}
1188	}
1189}
1190
1191void
1192quit(const Arg *arg) {
1193	running = False;
1194}
1195
1196void
1197resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1198	XWindowChanges wc;
1199
1200	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h)) {
1201		c->x = wc.x = x;
1202		c->y = wc.y = y;
1203		c->w = wc.width = w;
1204		c->h = wc.height = h;
1205		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1206		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1207				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1208		configure(c);
1209		XSync(dpy, False);
1210	}
1211}
1212
1213void
1214resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1215	int ocx, ocy;
1216	int nw, nh;
1217	Client *c;
1218	XEvent ev;
1219
1220	if(!(c = sel))
1221		return;
1222	restack(selmon);
1223	ocx = c->x;
1224	ocy = c->y;
1225	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1226	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1227		return;
1228	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1229	do {
1230		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1231		switch(ev.type) {
1232		case ConfigureRequest:
1233		case Expose:
1234		case MapRequest:
1235			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1236			break;
1237		case MotionNotify:
1238			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1239			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1240
1241			if(snap && nw >= selmon->wx && nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1242			        && nh >= selmon->wy && nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1243				if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1244				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1245					togglefloating(NULL);
1246			}
1247			if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1248				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh);
1249			break;
1250		}
1251	}
1252	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1253	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1254	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1255	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1256}
1257
1258void
1259restack(Monitor *m) {
1260	Client *c;
1261	XEvent ev;
1262	XWindowChanges wc;
1263
1264	drawbars();
1265	if(!sel)
1266		return;
1267	if(m == selmon && (sel->isfloating || !lt[m->sellt]->arrange))
1268		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1269	if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1270		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1271		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1272		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1273			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(m, c)) {
1274				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1275				wc.sibling = c->win;
1276			}
1277	}
1278	XSync(dpy, False);
1279	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1280}
1281
1282void
1283run(void) {
1284	XEvent ev;
1285
1286	/* main event loop */
1287	XSync(dpy, False);
1288	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1289		if(handler[ev.type])
1290			(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1291	}
1292}
1293
1294void
1295scan(void) {
1296	unsigned int i, num;
1297	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1298	XWindowAttributes wa;
1299
1300	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1301		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1302			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1303			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1304				continue;
1305			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1306				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1307		}
1308		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1309			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1310				continue;
1311			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1312			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1313				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1314		}
1315		if(wins)
1316			XFree(wins);
1317	}
1318}
1319
1320void
1321setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1322	long data[] = {state, None};
1323
1324	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1325			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1326}
1327
1328void
1329setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1330	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[selmon->sellt])
1331		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1332	if(arg && arg->v)
1333		lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1334	if(sel)
1335		arrange();
1336	else
1337		drawbars();
1338}
1339
1340/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1341void
1342setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1343	float f;
1344
1345	if(!arg || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1346		return;
1347	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1348	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1349		return;
1350	selmon->mfact = f;
1351	arrange();
1352}
1353
1354void
1355setup(void) {
1356	unsigned int i;
1357	int w;
1358	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1359
1360	/* init screen */
1361	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1362	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1363	initfont(font);
1364	sx = 0;
1365	sy = 0;
1366	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1367	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1368	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1369	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1370	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1371	updategeom();
1372
1373	/* init atoms */
1374	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1375	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1376	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1377	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1378	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1379
1380	/* init cursors */
1381	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1382	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1383	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1384
1385	/* init appearance */
1386	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1387	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1388	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1389	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1390	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1391	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1392	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1393	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1394	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1395	if(!dc.font.set)
1396		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1397
1398	/* init bars */
1399	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1400		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1401		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1402	}
1403	updatebars();
1404	updatestatus();
1405
1406	/* EWMH support per view */
1407	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1408			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1409
1410	/* select for events */
1411	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1412			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1413			|PropertyChangeMask;
1414	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1415	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1416
1417	grabkeys();
1418}
1419
1420void
1421showhide(Client *c) {
1422	if(!c)
1423		return;
1424	if(ISVISIBLE((c->m), c)) { /* show clients top down */
1425		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1426		if(!lt[c->m->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1427			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1428		showhide(c->snext);
1429	}
1430	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1431		showhide(c->snext);
1432		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1433	}
1434}
1435
1436
1437void
1438sigchld(int signal) {
1439	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1440}
1441
1442void
1443spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1444	signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1445	if(fork() == 0) {
1446		if(dpy)
1447			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1448		setsid();
1449		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1450		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1451		perror(" failed");
1452		exit(0);
1453	}
1454}
1455
1456void
1457tag(const Arg *arg) {
1458	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1459		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1460		arrange();
1461	}
1462}
1463
1464#ifdef XINERAMA
1465void
1466tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1467	unsigned int i;
1468	Monitor *m;
1469
1470	for(i = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, i++)
1471		if(i == arg->ui) {
1472			sel->m = m;
1473			arrange();
1474			break;
1475		}
1476}
1477#endif /* XINERAMA */
1478
1479int
1480textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1481	XRectangle r;
1482
1483	if(dc.font.set) {
1484		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1485		return r.width;
1486	}
1487	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1488}
1489
1490void
1491tile(Monitor *m) {
1492	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1493	unsigned int i, n;
1494	Client *c;
1495
1496	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m, clients); c; c = nexttiled(m, c->next), n++);
1497	if(n == 0)
1498		return;
1499
1500	/* master */
1501	c = nexttiled(m, clients);
1502	mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1503	resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw);
1504
1505	if(--n == 0)
1506		return;
1507
1508	/* tile stack */
1509	x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1510	y = m->wy;
1511	w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1512	h = m->wh / n;
1513	if(h < bh)
1514		h = m->wh;
1515
1516	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(m, c->next); c; c = nexttiled(m, c->next), i++) {
1517		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1518		       ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw));
1519		if(h != m->wh)
1520			y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1521	}
1522}
1523
1524void
1525togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1526	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1527	updategeom();
1528	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1529	arrange();
1530}
1531
1532void
1533togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1534	if(!sel)
1535		return;
1536	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1537	if(sel->isfloating)
1538		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h);
1539	arrange();
1540}
1541
1542void
1543toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1544	unsigned int mask;
1545
1546	if(!sel)
1547		return;
1548	
1549	mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1550	if(mask) {
1551		sel->tags = mask;
1552		arrange();
1553	}
1554}
1555
1556void
1557toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1558	unsigned int mask = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1559
1560	if(mask) {
1561		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = mask;
1562		arrange();
1563	}
1564}
1565
1566void
1567unmanage(Client *c) {
1568	XWindowChanges wc;
1569
1570	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1571	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1572	XGrabServer(dpy);
1573	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1574	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1575	detach(c);
1576	detachstack(c);
1577	if(sel == c)
1578		focus(NULL);
1579	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1580	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1581	free(c);
1582	XSync(dpy, False);
1583	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1584	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1585	arrange();
1586}
1587
1588void
1589unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1590	Client *c;
1591	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1592
1593	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1594		unmanage(c);
1595}
1596
1597void
1598updatebars(void) {
1599	Monitor *m;
1600	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1601
1602	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1603	wa.override_redirect = True;
1604	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1605	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1606
1607	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1608		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1609
1610		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1611		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1612		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1613		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1614	}
1615}
1616
1617void
1618updategeom(void) {
1619	int i, n;
1620	Client *c;
1621	Monitor *newmons = NULL, *m;
1622
1623#ifdef XINERAMA
1624	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1625
1626	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy))
1627		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n);
1628#endif
1629	/* allocate monitor(s) for the new geometry setup */
1630	for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1631		m = (Monitor *)malloc(sizeof(Monitor));
1632		m->next = newmons;
1633		newmons = m;
1634	}
1635
1636	/* initialise monitor(s) */
1637#ifdef XINERAMA
1638	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1639		for(i = 0, m = newmons; m; m = m->next, i++) {
1640			m->screen_number = info[i].screen_number;
1641			m->wx = info[i].x_org;
1642			m->wy = info[i].y_org;
1643			m->ww = info[i].width;
1644			m->wh = info[i].height;
1645		}
1646		XFree(info);
1647	}
1648	else
1649#endif
1650	/* default monitor setup */
1651	{
1652		m->screen_number = 0;
1653		m->wx = sx;
1654		m->wy = sy;
1655		m->ww = sw;
1656		m->wh = sh;
1657	}
1658
1659	/* bar geometry setup */
1660	for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next) {
1661		/* TODO: consider removing the following values from config.h */
1662		m->seltags = 0;
1663		m->sellt = 0;
1664		m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
1665		m->mfact = mfact;
1666		m->showbar = showbar;
1667		m->topbar = topbar;
1668		if(m->showbar) {
1669			m->wh -= bh;
1670			m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1671			m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1672		}
1673		else
1674			m->by = -bh;
1675		/* reassign all clients with same screen number */
1676		for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1677			if(c->m->screen_number == m->screen_number)
1678				c->m = m;
1679	}
1680
1681	/* reassign left over clients with disappeared screen number */
1682	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1683		if(c->m->screen_number >= n)
1684			c->m = newmons;
1685
1686	/* select focused monitor */
1687	if(!selmon) {
1688		selmon = newmons;
1689		int di, x, y;
1690		unsigned int dui;
1691		Window dummy;
1692		if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui)) 
1693			for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next)
1694				if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh)) {
1695					selmon = m;
1696					break;
1697				}
1698	}
1699
1700	/* final assignment of new monitors */
1701	cleanupmons();
1702	mons = newmons;
1703}
1704
1705void
1706updatenumlockmask(void) {
1707	unsigned int i, j;
1708	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1709
1710	numlockmask = 0;
1711	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1712	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1713		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1714			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1715			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1716				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1717	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1718}
1719
1720void
1721updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1722	long msize;
1723	XSizeHints size;
1724
1725	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1726		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1727		size.flags = PSize;
1728	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1729		c->basew = size.base_width;
1730		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1731	}
1732	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1733		c->basew = size.min_width;
1734		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1735	}
1736	else
1737		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1738	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1739		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1740		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1741	}
1742	else
1743		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1744	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1745		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1746		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1747	}
1748	else
1749		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1750	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1751		c->minw = size.min_width;
1752		c->minh = size.min_height;
1753	}
1754	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1755		c->minw = size.base_width;
1756		c->minh = size.base_height;
1757	}
1758	else
1759		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1760	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1761		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1762		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1763	}
1764	else
1765		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1766	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1767	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1768}
1769
1770void
1771updatetitle(Client *c) {
1772	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1773		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1774}
1775
1776void
1777updatestatus() {
1778	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1779		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1780	drawbar(selmon);
1781}
1782
1783void
1784updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1785	XWMHints *wmh;
1786
1787	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1788		if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1789			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1790			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1791		}
1792		else
1793			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1794
1795		XFree(wmh);
1796	}
1797}
1798
1799void
1800view(const Arg *arg) {
1801	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1802		return;
1803	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1804	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1805		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1806	arrange();
1807}
1808
1809/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1810 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1811 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1812int
1813xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1814	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1815	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1816	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1817	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1818	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1819	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1820	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1821	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1822	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1823		return 0;
1824	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1825			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1826	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1827}
1828
1829int
1830xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1831	return 0;
1832}
1833
1834/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1835 * is already running. */
1836int
1837xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1838	otherwm = True;
1839	return -1;
1840}
1841
1842void
1843zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1844	Client *c = sel;
1845
1846	if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1847		return;
1848	if(c == nexttiled(selmon, clients))
1849		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(selmon, c->next)))
1850			return;
1851	detach(c);
1852	attach(c);
1853	focus(c);
1854	arrange();
1855}
1856
1857int
1858main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1859	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1860		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1861	else if(argc != 1)
1862		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1863
1864	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1865		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1866
1867	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1868		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1869
1870	checkotherwm();
1871	setup();
1872	scan();
1873	run();
1874	cleanup();
1875
1876	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1877	return 0;
1878}