1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20 * client.
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37#include <X11/keysym.h>
  38#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42#ifdef XINERAMA
  43#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44#endif
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define MAX(a, b)       ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  48#define MIN(a, b)       ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  49#define BUTTONMASK      (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  50#define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  51#define LENGTH(x)       (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52#define MAXTAGLEN       16
  53#define MOUSEMASK       (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  54#define TAGMASK         ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55#define TEXTW(x)        (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  62enum { ClkLtSymbol = 64, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65/* typedefs */
  66typedef unsigned int uint;
  67typedef unsigned long ulong;
  68
  69typedef union {
  70	int i;
  71	uint ui;
  72	float f;
  73	void *v;
  74} Arg;
  75
  76typedef struct {
  77	uint click;
  78	uint mask;
  79	uint button;
  80	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  81	const Arg arg;
  82} Button;
  83
  84typedef struct Client Client;
  85struct Client {
  86	char name[256];
  87	float mina, maxa;
  88	int x, y, w, h;
  89	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  90	int bw, oldbw;
  91	uint tags;
  92	Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  93	Client *next;
  94	Client *snext;
  95	Window win;
  96};
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	int x, y, w, h;
 100	ulong norm[ColLast];
 101	ulong sel[ColLast];
 102	Drawable drawable;
 103	GC gc;
 104	struct {
 105		int ascent;
 106		int descent;
 107		int height;
 108		XFontSet set;
 109		XFontStruct *xfont;
 110	} font;
 111} DC; /* draw context */
 112
 113typedef struct {
 114	uint mod;
 115	KeySym keysym;
 116	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 117	const Arg arg;
 118} Key;
 119
 120typedef struct {
 121	const char *symbol;
 122	void (*arrange)(void);
 123} Layout;
 124
 125typedef struct {
 126	const char *class;
 127	const char *instance;
 128	const char *title;
 129	uint tags;
 130	Bool isfloating;
 131} Rule;
 132
 133/* function declarations */
 134static void applyrules(Client *c);
 135static void arrange(void);
 136static void attach(Client *c);
 137static void attachstack(Client *c);
 138static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 139static void checkotherwm(void);
 140static void cleanup(void);
 141static void configure(Client *c);
 142static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 143static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 144static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 145static void detach(Client *c);
 146static void detachstack(Client *c);
 147static void drawbar(void);
 148static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]);
 149static void drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 150static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 151static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 152static void expose(XEvent *e);
 153static void focus(Client *c);
 154static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 155static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 156static Client *getclient(Window w);
 157static ulong getcolor(const char *colstr);
 158static long getstate(Window w);
 159static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size);
 160static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 161static void grabkeys(void);
 162static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 163static Bool isoccupied(uint t);
 164static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 165static Bool isurgent(uint t);
 166static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 167static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 168static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 169static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 170static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 171static void monocle(void);
 172static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 173static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 174static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 175static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 176static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 177static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 178static void restack(void);
 179static void run(void);
 180static void scan(void);
 181static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 182static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 183static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 184static void setup(void);
 185static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 186static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 187static int textnw(const char *text, uint len);
 188static void tile(void);
 189static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 190static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 191static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 192static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 193static void unmanage(Client *c);
 194static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 195static void updatebar(void);
 196static void updategeom(void);
 197static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 198static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 199static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 200static void view(const Arg *arg);
 201static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 205
 206/* variables */
 207static char stext[256];
 208static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 209static int by, bh, blw, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 210static uint seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 211static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 212static uint numlockmask = 0;
 213static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 214	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 215	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 216	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 217	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 218	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 219	[Expose] = expose,
 220	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 221	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 222	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 223	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 224	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 225	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 226};
 227static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 228static Bool otherwm, readin;
 229static Bool running = True;
 230static uint tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 231static Client *clients = NULL;
 232static Client *sel = NULL;
 233static Client *stack = NULL;
 234static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 235static Display *dpy;
 236static DC dc = {0};
 237static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 238static Window root, barwin;
 239/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 240#include "config.h"
 241
 242/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an uint bit array. */
 243struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(uint) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 244
 245/* function implementations */
 246void
 247applyrules(Client *c) {
 248	uint i;
 249	Rule *r;
 250	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 251
 252	/* rule matching */
 253	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 254	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 255		r = &rules[i];
 256		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 257		&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 258		&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 259			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 260			c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 261		}
 262	}
 263	if(ch.res_class)
 264		XFree(ch.res_class);
 265	if(ch.res_name)
 266		XFree(ch.res_name);
 267	if(!c->tags)
 268		c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 269}
 270
 271void
 272arrange(void) {
 273	Client *c;
 274
 275	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 276		if(c->tags & tagset[seltags]) { /* is visible */
 277			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 278				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 279			c->isbanned = False;
 280		}
 281		else if(!c->isbanned) {
 282			XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 283			c->isbanned = True;
 284		}
 285
 286	focus(NULL);
 287	if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 288		lt[sellt]->arrange();
 289	restack();
 290}
 291
 292void
 293attach(Client *c) {
 294	c->next = clients;
 295	clients = c;
 296}
 297
 298void
 299attachstack(Client *c) {
 300	c->snext = stack;
 301	stack = c;
 302}
 303
 304void
 305buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306	uint i, x, click;
 307	Client *c;
 308	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310	click = ClkRootWin;
 311	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 312		i = x = 0;
 313		do
 314			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 315		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 316		if(i < LENGTH(tags))
 317			click = i;
 318		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 319			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 320		else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 321			click = ClkStatusText;
 322		else
 323			click = ClkWinTitle;
 324	}
 325	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 326		focus(c);
 327		click = ClkClientWin;
 328	}
 329
 330	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 331		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 332		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 333			buttons[i].func(&buttons[i].arg);
 334}
 335
 336void
 337checkotherwm(void) {
 338	otherwm = False;
 339	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 340
 341	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 342	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 343	XSync(dpy, False);
 344	if(otherwm)
 345		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 346	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 347	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 348	XSync(dpy, False);
 349}
 350
 351void
 352cleanup(void) {
 353	Arg a = {.i = ~0};
 354	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 355
 356	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 357	view(&a);
 358	lt[sellt] = &foo;
 359	while(stack)
 360		unmanage(stack);
 361	if(dc.font.set)
 362		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 363	else
 364		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 365	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 366	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 367	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 368	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 369	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 370	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 371	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 372	XSync(dpy, False);
 373	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 374}
 375
 376void
 377configure(Client *c) {
 378	XConfigureEvent ce;
 379
 380	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 381	ce.display = dpy;
 382	ce.event = c->win;
 383	ce.window = c->win;
 384	ce.x = c->x;
 385	ce.y = c->y;
 386	ce.width = c->w;
 387	ce.height = c->h;
 388	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 389	ce.above = None;
 390	ce.override_redirect = False;
 391	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 392}
 393
 394void
 395configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 396	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 397
 398	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 399		sw = ev->width;
 400		sh = ev->height;
 401		updategeom();
 402		updatebar();
 403		arrange();
 404	}
 405}
 406
 407void
 408configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 409	Client *c;
 410	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 411	XWindowChanges wc;
 412
 413	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 414		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 415			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 416		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 417			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 418				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 419			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 420				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 421			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 422				c->w = ev->width;
 423			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 424				c->h = ev->height;
 425			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 426				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 427			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 428				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 429			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 430				configure(c);
 431			if(!c->isbanned)
 432				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 433		}
 434		else
 435			configure(c);
 436	}
 437	else {
 438		wc.x = ev->x;
 439		wc.y = ev->y;
 440		wc.width = ev->width;
 441		wc.height = ev->height;
 442		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 443		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 444		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 445		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 446	}
 447	XSync(dpy, False);
 448}
 449
 450void
 451destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 452	Client *c;
 453	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 454
 455	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 456		unmanage(c);
 457}
 458
 459void
 460detach(Client *c) {
 461	Client *i;
 462
 463	if (c != clients) {
 464		for(i = clients; i->next != c; i = i->next);
 465		i->next = c->next;
 466	}
 467	else {
 468		clients = c->next;
 469	}
 470	c->next =  NULL;
 471}
 472
 473void
 474detachstack(Client *c) {
 475	Client **tc;
 476
 477	for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 478	*tc = c->snext;
 479}
 480
 481void
 482drawbar(void) {
 483	int i, x;
 484
 485	dc.x = 0;
 486	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 487		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 488		if(tagset[seltags] & 1 << i) {
 489			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 490			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 491		}
 492		else {
 493			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 494			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 495		}
 496		dc.x += dc.w;
 497	}
 498	if(blw > 0) {
 499		dc.w = blw;
 500		drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 501		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 502	}
 503	else
 504		x = dc.x;
 505	dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 506	dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 507	if(dc.x < x) {
 508		dc.x = x;
 509		dc.w = ww - x;
 510	}
 511	drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 512	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 513		dc.x = x;
 514		if(sel) {
 515			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 516			drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 517		}
 518		else
 519			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 520	}
 521	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 522	XSync(dpy, False);
 523}
 524
 525void
 526drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]) {
 527	int x;
 528	XGCValues gcv;
 529	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 530
 531	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 532	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 533	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 534	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 535	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 536	if(filled) {
 537		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 538		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 539	}
 540	else if(empty) {
 541		r.width = r.height = x;
 542		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 543	}
 544}
 545
 546void
 547drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 548	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 549	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 550	char buf[256];
 551
 552	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 553	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 554	if(!text)
 555		return;
 556	olen = strlen(text);
 557	len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 558	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 559	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 560	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 561	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 562	/* shorten text if necessary */
 563	for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 564	if(!len)
 565		return;
 566	if(len < olen)
 567		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 568	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 569	if(dc.font.set)
 570		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 571	else
 572		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 573}
 574
 575void
 576enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 577	Client *c;
 578	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 579
 580	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 581		return;
 582	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 583		focus(c);
 584	else
 585		focus(NULL);
 586}
 587
 588void
 589eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 590	va_list ap;
 591
 592	va_start(ap, errstr);
 593	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 594	va_end(ap);
 595	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 596}
 597
 598void
 599expose(XEvent *e) {
 600	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 601
 602	if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 603		drawbar();
 604}
 605
 606void
 607focus(Client *c) {
 608	if(!c || c->isbanned)
 609		for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
 610	if(sel && sel != c) {
 611		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 612		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 613	}
 614	if(c) {
 615		detachstack(c);
 616		attachstack(c);
 617		grabbuttons(c, True);
 618		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 619		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 620	}
 621	else
 622		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 623	sel = c;
 624	drawbar();
 625}
 626
 627void
 628focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 629	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 630
 631	if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 632		XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 633}
 634
 635void
 636focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 637	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 638
 639	if(!sel)
 640		return;
 641	if (arg->i > 0) {
 642		for(c = sel->next; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 643		if(!c)
 644			for(c = clients; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
 645	}
 646	else {
 647		for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 648			if (!i->isbanned)
 649				c = i;
 650		if(!c)
 651			for(; i; i = i->next)
 652				if (!i->isbanned)
 653					c = i;
 654	}
 655	if(c) {
 656		focus(c);
 657		restack();
 658	}
 659}
 660
 661Client *
 662getclient(Window w) {
 663	Client *c;
 664
 665	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 666	return c;
 667}
 668
 669ulong
 670getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 671	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 672	XColor color;
 673
 674	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 675		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 676	return color.pixel;
 677}
 678
 679long
 680getstate(Window w) {
 681	int format, status;
 682	long result = -1;
 683	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 684	ulong n, extra;
 685	Atom real;
 686
 687	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 688			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 689	if(status != Success)
 690		return -1;
 691	if(n != 0)
 692		result = *p;
 693	XFree(p);
 694	return result;
 695}
 696
 697Bool
 698gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size) {
 699	char **list = NULL;
 700	int n;
 701	XTextProperty name;
 702
 703	if(!text || size == 0)
 704		return False;
 705	text[0] = '\0';
 706	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 707	if(!name.nitems)
 708		return False;
 709	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 710		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 711	else {
 712		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 713		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 714			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 715			XFreeStringList(list);
 716		}
 717	}
 718	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 719	XFree(name.value);
 720	return True;
 721}
 722
 723void
 724grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 725	int i, j;
 726	uint buttons[]   = { Button1, Button2, Button3 };
 727	uint modifiers[] = { MODKEY, MODKEY|LockMask, MODKEY|numlockmask, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask };
 728
 729	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 730	if(focused)
 731		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 732			for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 733				XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i], modifiers[j], c->win, False,
 734					BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 735	else
 736		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 737			BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 738}
 739
 740void
 741grabkeys(void) {
 742	uint i, j;
 743	KeyCode code;
 744	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 745
 746	/* init modifier map */
 747	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 748	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 749		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 750			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 751				numlockmask = (1 << i);
 752		}
 753	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 754
 755	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 756	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 757		code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 758		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 759				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 760		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 761				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 762		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 763				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 764		XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 765				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 766	}
 767}
 768
 769void
 770initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 771	char *def, **missing;
 772	int i, n;
 773
 774	missing = NULL;
 775	if(dc.font.set)
 776		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 777	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 778	if(missing) {
 779		while(n--)
 780			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 781		XFreeStringList(missing);
 782	}
 783	if(dc.font.set) {
 784		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 785		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 786		char **font_names;
 787		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 788		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 789		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 790		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 791			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 792			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 793			xfonts++;
 794		}
 795	}
 796	else {
 797		if(dc.font.xfont)
 798			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 799		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 800		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 801		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 802			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 803		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 804		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 805	}
 806	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 807}
 808
 809Bool
 810isoccupied(uint t) {
 811	Client *c;
 812
 813	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 814		if(c->tags & 1 << t)
 815			return True;
 816	return False;
 817}
 818
 819Bool
 820isprotodel(Client *c) {
 821	int i, n;
 822	Atom *protocols;
 823	Bool ret = False;
 824
 825	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 826		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 827			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 828				ret = True;
 829		XFree(protocols);
 830	}
 831	return ret;
 832}
 833
 834Bool
 835isurgent(uint t) {
 836	Client *c;
 837
 838	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 839		if(c->isurgent && c->tags & 1 << t)
 840			return True;
 841	return False;
 842}
 843
 844void
 845keypress(XEvent *e) {
 846	uint i;
 847	KeySym keysym;
 848	XKeyEvent *ev;
 849
 850	ev = &e->xkey;
 851	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 852	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 853		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 854		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 855		   && keys[i].func)
 856			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 857}
 858
 859void
 860killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 861	XEvent ev;
 862
 863	if(!sel)
 864		return;
 865	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 866		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 867		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 868		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 869		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 870		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 871		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 872		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 873	}
 874	else
 875		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 876}
 877
 878void
 879manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 880	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 881	Status rettrans;
 882	Window trans;
 883	XWindowChanges wc;
 884
 885	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 886		eprint("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 887	c->win = w;
 888
 889	/* geometry */
 890	c->x = wa->x;
 891	c->y = wa->y;
 892	c->w = wa->width;
 893	c->h = wa->height;
 894	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 895	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 896		c->x = sx;
 897		c->y = sy;
 898		c->bw = wa->border_width;
 899	}
 900	else {
 901		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 902			c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 903		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 904			c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 905		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 906		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 907		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 908		c->bw = borderpx;
 909	}
 910
 911	wc.border_width = c->bw;
 912	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 913	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 914	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 915	updatesizehints(c);
 916	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 917	grabbuttons(c, False);
 918	updatetitle(c);
 919	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 920		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 921	if(t)
 922		c->tags = t->tags;
 923	else
 924		applyrules(c);
 925	if(!c->isfloating)
 926		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 927	if(c->isfloating)
 928		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 929	attach(c);
 930	attachstack(c);
 931	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 932	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 933	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 934	arrange();
 935}
 936
 937void
 938mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 939	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 940
 941	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 942	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 943		grabkeys();
 944}
 945
 946void
 947maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 948	static XWindowAttributes wa;
 949	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 950
 951	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 952		return;
 953	if(wa.override_redirect)
 954		return;
 955	if(!getclient(ev->window))
 956		manage(ev->window, &wa);
 957}
 958
 959void
 960monocle(void) {
 961	Client *c;
 962
 963	for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 964		resize(c, wx, wy, ww, wh, resizehints);
 965}
 966
 967void
 968movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 969	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 970	uint dui;
 971	Client *c;
 972	Window dummy;
 973	XEvent ev;
 974
 975	if(!(c = sel))
 976		return;
 977	restack();
 978	ocx = nx = c->x;
 979	ocy = ny = c->y;
 980	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 981	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 982		return;
 983	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 984	for(;;) {
 985		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 986		switch (ev.type) {
 987		case ButtonRelease:
 988			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 989			return;
 990		case ConfigureRequest:
 991		case Expose:
 992		case MapRequest:
 993			handler[ev.type](&ev);
 994			break;
 995		case MotionNotify:
 996			XSync(dpy, False);
 997			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
 998			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
 999			if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1000			        && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1001				if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1002					nx = wx;
1003				else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1004					nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1005				if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1006					ny = wy;
1007				else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1008					ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1009				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1010					togglefloating(NULL);
1011			}
1012			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1013				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1014			break;
1015		}
1016	}
1017}
1018
1019Client *
1020nexttiled(Client *c) {
1021	for(; c && (c->isfloating || c->isbanned); c = c->next);
1022	return c;
1023}
1024
1025void
1026propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1027	Client *c;
1028	Window trans;
1029	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1030
1031	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1032		return; /* ignore */
1033	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1034		switch (ev->atom) {
1035		default: break;
1036		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1037			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1038			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1039				arrange();
1040			break;
1041		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1042			updatesizehints(c);
1043			break;
1044		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1045			updatewmhints(c);
1046			drawbar();
1047			break;
1048		}
1049		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1050			updatetitle(c);
1051			if(c == sel)
1052				drawbar();
1053		}
1054	}
1055}
1056
1057void
1058quit(const Arg *arg) {
1059	readin = running = False;
1060}
1061
1062void
1063resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1064	XWindowChanges wc;
1065
1066	if(sizehints) {
1067		/* set minimum possible */
1068		w = MAX(1, w);
1069		h = MAX(1, h);
1070
1071		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1072		w -= c->basew;
1073		h -= c->baseh;
1074
1075		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1076		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1077			if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1078				w = h * c->maxa;
1079			else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1080				h = w * c->mina;
1081		}
1082
1083		/* adjust for increment value */
1084		if(c->incw)
1085			w -= w % c->incw;
1086		if(c->inch)
1087			h -= h % c->inch;
1088
1089		/* restore base dimensions */
1090		w += c->basew;
1091		h += c->baseh;
1092
1093		w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1094		h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1095
1096		if(c->maxw)
1097			w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1098
1099		if(c->maxh)
1100			h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1101	}
1102	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1103		return;
1104	if(x > sx + sw)
1105		x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1106	if(y > sy + sh)
1107		y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1108	if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1109		x = sx;
1110	if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1111		y = sy;
1112	if(h < bh)
1113		h = bh;
1114	if(w < bh)
1115		w = bh;
1116	if(!c->isbanned || c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1117		c->x = wc.x = x;
1118		c->y = wc.y = y;
1119		c->w = wc.width = w;
1120		c->h = wc.height = h;
1121		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1122		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1123				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1124		configure(c);
1125		XSync(dpy, False);
1126	}
1127}
1128
1129void
1130resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1131	int ocx, ocy;
1132	int nw, nh;
1133	Client *c;
1134	XEvent ev;
1135
1136	if(!(c = sel))
1137		return;
1138	restack();
1139	ocx = c->x;
1140	ocy = c->y;
1141	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1142	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1143		return;
1144	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1145	for(;;) {
1146		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1147		switch(ev.type) {
1148		case ButtonRelease:
1149			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1150					c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1151			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1152			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1153			return;
1154		case ConfigureRequest:
1155		case Expose:
1156		case MapRequest:
1157			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1158			break;
1159		case MotionNotify:
1160			XSync(dpy, False);
1161			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1162			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1163
1164			if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1165			        && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1166				if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1167				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1168					togglefloating(NULL);
1169			}
1170			if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1171				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1172			break;
1173		}
1174	}
1175}
1176
1177void
1178restack(void) {
1179	Client *c;
1180	XEvent ev;
1181	XWindowChanges wc;
1182
1183	drawbar();
1184	if(!sel)
1185		return;
1186	if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1187		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1188	if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1189		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1190		wc.sibling = barwin;
1191		for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1192			if(!c->isfloating && !c->isbanned) {
1193				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1194				wc.sibling = c->win;
1195			}
1196	}
1197	XSync(dpy, False);
1198	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1199}
1200
1201void
1202run(void) {
1203	char *p;
1204	char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1205	fd_set rd;
1206	int r, xfd;
1207	uint len, offset;
1208	XEvent ev;
1209
1210	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1211	XSync(dpy, False);
1212	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1213	readin = True;
1214	offset = 0;
1215	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1216	sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1217	while(running) {
1218		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1219		if(readin)
1220			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1221		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1222		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1223			if(errno == EINTR)
1224				continue;
1225			eprint("select failed\n");
1226		}
1227		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1228			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1229			case -1:
1230				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1231				readin = False;
1232				break;
1233			case 0:
1234				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1235				readin = False;
1236				break;
1237			default:
1238				for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1239					if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1240						*p = '\0';
1241						strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1242						p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1243						for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1244						offset = r;
1245						if(r)
1246							memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1247						break;
1248					}
1249				break;
1250			}
1251			drawbar();
1252		}
1253		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1254			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1255			if(handler[ev.type])
1256				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1257		}
1258	}
1259}
1260
1261void
1262scan(void) {
1263	uint i, num;
1264	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1265	XWindowAttributes wa;
1266
1267	wins = NULL;
1268	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1269		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1270			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1271			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1272				continue;
1273			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1274				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1275		}
1276		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1277			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1278				continue;
1279			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1280			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1281				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1282		}
1283	}
1284	if(wins)
1285		XFree(wins);
1286}
1287
1288void
1289setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1290	long data[] = {state, None};
1291
1292	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1293			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1294}
1295
1296void
1297setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1298	sellt ^= 1;
1299	if(arg && arg->v && arg->v != lt[sellt])
1300		lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1301	if(sel)
1302		arrange();
1303	else
1304		drawbar();
1305}
1306
1307/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1308void
1309setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1310	float f;
1311
1312	if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1313		return;
1314	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1315	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1316		return;
1317	mfact = f;
1318	arrange();
1319}
1320
1321void
1322setup(void) {
1323	uint i;
1324	int w;
1325	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1326
1327	/* init screen */
1328	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1329	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1330	initfont(font);
1331	sx = 0;
1332	sy = 0;
1333	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1334	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1335	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1336	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1337	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1338	updategeom();
1339
1340	/* init atoms */
1341	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1342	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1343	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1344	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1345	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1346	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1347
1348	/* init cursors */
1349	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1350	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1351	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1352
1353	/* init appearance */
1354	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1355	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1356	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1357	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1358	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1359	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1360	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1361	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1362	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1363	if(!dc.font.set)
1364		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1365
1366	/* init bar */
1367	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1368		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1369		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1370	}
1371
1372	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1373	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1374	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1375
1376	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1377			CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1378			CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1379	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1380	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1381	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1382	drawbar();
1383
1384	/* EWMH support per view */
1385	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1386			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1387
1388	/* select for events */
1389	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1390			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1391	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1392	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1393
1394
1395	/* grab keys */
1396	grabkeys();
1397}
1398
1399void
1400spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1401	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1402	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1403	if(fork() == 0) {
1404		if(fork() == 0) {
1405			if(dpy)
1406				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1407			setsid();
1408			execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1409			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1410			perror(" failed");
1411		}
1412		exit(0);
1413	}
1414	wait(0);
1415}
1416
1417void
1418tag(const Arg *arg) {
1419	if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1420		sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1421		arrange();
1422	}
1423}
1424
1425int
1426textnw(const char *text, uint len) {
1427	XRectangle r;
1428
1429	if(dc.font.set) {
1430		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1431		return r.width;
1432	}
1433	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1434}
1435
1436void
1437tile(void) {
1438	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1439	uint i, n;
1440	Client *c;
1441
1442	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1443	if(n == 0)
1444		return;
1445
1446	/* master */
1447	c = nexttiled(clients);
1448	mw = mfact * ww;
1449	resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1450
1451	if(--n == 0)
1452		return;
1453
1454	/* tile stack */
1455	x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1456	y = wy;
1457	w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1458	h = wh / n;
1459	if(h < bh)
1460		h = wh;
1461
1462	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1463		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1464		       ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1465		if(h != wh)
1466			y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1467	}
1468}
1469
1470void
1471togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1472	showbar = !showbar;
1473	updategeom();
1474	updatebar();
1475	arrange();
1476}
1477
1478void
1479togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1480	if(!sel)
1481		return;
1482	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1483	if(sel->isfloating)
1484		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1485	arrange();
1486}
1487
1488void
1489toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1490	uint mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1491
1492	if(sel && mask) {
1493		sel->tags = mask;
1494		arrange();
1495	}
1496}
1497
1498void
1499toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1500	uint mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1501
1502	if(mask) {
1503		tagset[seltags] = mask;
1504		arrange();
1505	}
1506}
1507
1508void
1509unmanage(Client *c) {
1510	XWindowChanges wc;
1511
1512	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1513	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1514	XGrabServer(dpy);
1515	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1516	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1517	detach(c);
1518	detachstack(c);
1519	if(sel == c)
1520		focus(NULL);
1521	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1522	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1523	free(c);
1524	XSync(dpy, False);
1525	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1526	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1527	arrange();
1528}
1529
1530void
1531unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1532	Client *c;
1533	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1534
1535	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1536		unmanage(c);
1537}
1538
1539void
1540updatebar(void) {
1541	if(dc.drawable != 0)
1542		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1543	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1544	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1545}
1546
1547void
1548updategeom(void) {
1549#ifdef XINERAMA
1550	int i;
1551	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1552
1553	/* window area geometry */
1554	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1555		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &i);
1556		wx = info[xidx].x_org;
1557		wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[xidx].y_org + bh : info[xidx].y_org;
1558		ww = info[xidx].width;
1559		wh = showbar ? info[xidx].height - bh : info[xidx].height;
1560		XFree(info);
1561	}
1562	else
1563#endif
1564	{
1565		wx = sx;
1566		wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1567		ww = sw;
1568		wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1569	}
1570
1571	/* bar position */
1572	by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1573}
1574
1575void
1576updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1577	long msize;
1578	XSizeHints size;
1579
1580	XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1581	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1582		c->basew = size.base_width;
1583		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1584	}
1585	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1586		c->basew = size.min_width;
1587		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1588	}
1589	else
1590		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1591	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1592		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1593		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1594	}
1595	else
1596		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1597	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1598		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1599		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1600	}
1601	else
1602		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1603	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1604		c->minw = size.min_width;
1605		c->minh = size.min_height;
1606	}
1607	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1608		c->minw = size.base_width;
1609		c->minh = size.base_height;
1610	}
1611	else
1612		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1613	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1614		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1615		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1616	}
1617	else
1618		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1619	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1620			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1621}
1622
1623void
1624updatetitle(Client *c) {
1625	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1626		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1627}
1628
1629void
1630updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1631	XWMHints *wmh;
1632
1633	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1634		if(c == sel)
1635			sel->isurgent = False;
1636		else
1637			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1638		XFree(wmh);
1639	}
1640}
1641
1642void
1643view(const Arg *arg) {
1644	seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1645	if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1646		tagset[seltags] = arg->i & TAGMASK;
1647	arrange();
1648}
1649
1650/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1651 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1652 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1653int
1654xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1655	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1656	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1657	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1658	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1659	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1660	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1661	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1662	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1663	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1664		return 0;
1665	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1666			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1667	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1668}
1669
1670int
1671xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1672	return 0;
1673}
1674
1675/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1676 * is already running. */
1677int
1678xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1679	otherwm = True;
1680	return -1;
1681}
1682
1683void
1684zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1685	Client *c = sel;
1686
1687	if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1688		return;
1689	if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1690		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1691			return;
1692	detach(c);
1693	attach(c);
1694	focus(c);
1695	arrange();
1696}
1697
1698int
1699main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1700	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1701		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1702	else if(argc != 1)
1703		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1704
1705	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1706	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1707		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1708
1709	checkotherwm();
1710	setup();
1711	scan();
1712	run();
1713	cleanup();
1714
1715	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1716	return 0;
1717}