1//#define XINULATOR /* debug, simulates dual head */
   2/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   3 *
   4 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   5 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   6 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   7 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   8 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   9 *
  10 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  11 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  12 * in O(1) time.
  13 *
  14 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  15 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  16 * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  17 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  18 * client.
  19 *
  20 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  21 *
  22 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  23 */
  24#include <errno.h>
  25#include <locale.h>
  26#include <stdarg.h>
  27#include <signal.h>
  28#include <stdio.h>
  29#include <stdlib.h>
  30#include <string.h>
  31#include <unistd.h>
  32#include <sys/types.h>
  33#include <sys/wait.h>
  34#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  35#include <X11/keysym.h>
  36#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  37#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  38#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  39#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  40#ifdef XINERAMA
  41#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  42#endif /* XINERAMA */
  43
  44/* macros */
  45#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  46#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  47#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  48#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  49#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  50#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  52#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  53#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  55#define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58/* enums */
  59enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  63enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66typedef union {
  67	int i;
  68	unsigned int ui;
  69	float f;
  70	void *v;
  71} Arg;
  72
  73typedef struct {
  74	unsigned int click;
  75	unsigned int mask;
  76	unsigned int button;
  77	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78	const Arg arg;
  79} Button;
  80
  81typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  82typedef struct Client Client;
  83struct Client {
  84	char name[256];
  85	float mina, maxa;
  86	int x, y, w, h;
  87	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  88	int bw, oldbw;
  89	unsigned int tags;
  90	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  91	Client *next;
  92	Client *snext;
  93	Monitor *mon;
  94	Window win;
  95};
  96
  97typedef struct {
  98	int x, y, w, h;
  99	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
 100	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 101	Drawable drawable;
 102	GC gc;
 103	struct {
 104		int ascent;
 105		int descent;
 106		int height;
 107		XFontSet set;
 108		XFontStruct *xfont;
 109	} font;
 110} DC; /* draw context */
 111
 112typedef struct {
 113	unsigned int mod;
 114	KeySym keysym;
 115	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 116	const Arg arg;
 117} Key;
 118
 119typedef struct {
 120	const char *symbol;
 121	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 122} Layout;
 123
 124struct Monitor {
 125	int screen_number;
 126	float mfact;
 127	int by, btx;          /* bar geometry */
 128	int my, mh;           /* vertical screen size*/
 129	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 130	unsigned int seltags;
 131	unsigned int sellt;
 132	unsigned int tagset[2];
 133	Bool showbar;
 134	Bool topbar;
 135	Client *clients;
 136	Client *sel;
 137	Client *stack;
 138	Monitor *next;
 139	Window barwin;
 140};
 141
 142typedef struct {
 143	const char *class;
 144	const char *instance;
 145	const char *title;
 146	unsigned int tags;
 147	Bool isfloating;
 148} Rule;
 149
 150/* function declarations */
 151static void applyrules(Client *c);
 152static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h);
 153static void arrange(void);
 154static void attach(Client *c);
 155static void attachstack(Client *c);
 156static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 157static void checkotherwm(void);
 158static void cleanup(void);
 159static void cleanupmons(void);
 160static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 161static void configure(Client *c);
 162static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 163static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 164static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 165static void detach(Client *c);
 166static void detachstack(Client *c);
 167static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 168static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 169static void drawbars();
 170static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 171static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 172static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 173static void expose(XEvent *e);
 174static void focus(Client *c);
 175static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 176static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 177static Client *getclient(Window w);
 178static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 179static long getstate(Window w);
 180static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 181static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 182static void grabkeys(void);
 183static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 184static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 185static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 186static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 187static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 188static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 189static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 190static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 191static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 192static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 193static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 194static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 195static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 196static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 197static void restack(Monitor *m);
 198static void run(void);
 199static void scan(void);
 200static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 201static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 202static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 203static void setup(void);
 204static void showhide(Client *c);
 205static void sigchld(int signal);
 206static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 207static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 208static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 209static void tile(Monitor *);
 210static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 211static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 212static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 213static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 214static void unmanage(Client *c);
 215static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 216static void updategeom(void);
 217static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 218static void updatebars(void);
 219static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 220static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 221static void updatestatus(void);
 222static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 223static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 224static void view(const Arg *arg);
 225static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 226static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 227static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 228static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 229#ifdef XINERAMA
 230static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 231static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 232#endif /* XINERAMA */
 233
 234/* variables */
 235static char stext[256];
 236static int screen;
 237static int sx, sy, sw, sh;   /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 238static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 239static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 240static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 241static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 242	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 243	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 244	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 245	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 246	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 247	[Expose] = expose,
 248	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 249	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 250	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 251	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 252	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 253	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 254};
 255static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 256static Bool otherwm;
 257static Bool running = True;
 258static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 259static Display *dpy;
 260static DC dc;
 261static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 262static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 263static Window root;
 264/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 265#include "config.h"
 266
 267/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 268struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 269
 270/* function implementations */
 271void
 272applyrules(Client *c) {
 273	unsigned int i;
 274	Rule *r;
 275	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 276
 277	/* rule matching */
 278	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 279	if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 280		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 281			r = &rules[i];
 282			if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 283			&& (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 284			&& (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 285				c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 286				c->tags |= r->tags;
 287			}
 288		}
 289		if(ch.res_class)
 290			XFree(ch.res_class);
 291		if(ch.res_name)
 292			XFree(ch.res_name);
 293	}
 294	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 295}
 296
 297Bool
 298applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h) {
 299	Bool baseismin;
 300
 301	/* set minimum possible */
 302	*w = MAX(1, *w);
 303	*h = MAX(1, *h);
 304
 305	if(*x > sx + sw)
 306		*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 307	if(*y > sy + sh)
 308		*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 309	if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
 310		*x = sx;
 311	if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
 312		*y = sy;
 313	if(*h < bh)
 314		*h = bh;
 315	if(*w < bh)
 316		*w = bh;
 317
 318	if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 319		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 320		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 321
 322		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 323			*w -= c->basew;
 324			*h -= c->baseh;
 325		}
 326
 327		/* adjust for aspect limits */
 328		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 329			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 330				*w = *h * c->maxa;
 331			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 332				*h = *w * c->mina;
 333		}
 334
 335		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 336			*w -= c->basew;
 337			*h -= c->baseh;
 338		}
 339
 340		/* adjust for increment value */
 341		if(c->incw)
 342			*w -= *w % c->incw;
 343		if(c->inch)
 344			*h -= *h % c->inch;
 345
 346		/* restore base dimensions */
 347		*w += c->basew;
 348		*h += c->baseh;
 349
 350		*w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 351		*h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 352
 353		if(c->maxw)
 354			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 355
 356		if(c->maxh)
 357			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 358	}
 359	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 360}
 361
 362void
 363arrange(void) {
 364	Monitor *m;
 365
 366	/* optimise two loops into one, check focus(NULL) */
 367	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 368		showhide(m->stack);
 369	focus(NULL);
 370	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
 371		if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 372			lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 373		restack(m);
 374	}
 375}
 376
 377void
 378attach(Client *c) {
 379	c->next = c->mon->clients;
 380	c->mon->clients = c;
 381}
 382
 383void
 384attachstack(Client *c) {
 385	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 386	c->mon->stack = c;
 387}
 388
 389void
 390buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 391	unsigned int i, x, click;
 392	Arg arg = {0};
 393	Client *c;
 394	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 395
 396	click = ClkRootWin;
 397	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin && ev->x >= selmon->btx) {
 398		i = 0;
 399		x = selmon->btx;
 400		do
 401			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 402		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 403		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 404			click = ClkTagBar;
 405			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 406		}
 407		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 408			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 409		else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 410			click = ClkStatusText;
 411		else
 412			click = ClkWinTitle;
 413	}
 414	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 415		focus(c);
 416		click = ClkClientWin;
 417	}
 418
 419	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 420		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 421		   && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 422			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 423}
 424
 425void
 426checkotherwm(void) {
 427	otherwm = False;
 428	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 429
 430	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 431	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 432	XSync(dpy, False);
 433	if(otherwm)
 434		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 435	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 436	XSync(dpy, False);
 437}
 438
 439void
 440cleanup(void) {
 441	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 442	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 443	Monitor *m;
 444
 445	view(&a);
 446	lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 447
 448	/* TODO: consider simplifying cleanup code of the stack, perhaps do that in cleanmons() ? */
 449	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 450		while(m->stack)
 451			unmanage(m->stack);
 452	if(dc.font.set)
 453		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 454	else
 455		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 456	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 457	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 458	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 459	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 460	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 461	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 462	cleanupmons();
 463	XSync(dpy, False);
 464	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 465}
 466
 467void
 468cleanupmons(void) {
 469	Monitor *m;
 470
 471	while(mons) {
 472		m = mons->next;
 473		XUnmapWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 474		XDestroyWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 475		free(mons);
 476		mons = m;
 477	}
 478}
 479
 480void
 481clearurgent(Client *c) {
 482	XWMHints *wmh;
 483
 484	c->isurgent = False;
 485	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 486		return;
 487	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 488	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 489	XFree(wmh);
 490}
 491
 492void
 493configure(Client *c) {
 494	XConfigureEvent ce;
 495
 496	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 497	ce.display = dpy;
 498	ce.event = c->win;
 499	ce.window = c->win;
 500	ce.x = c->x;
 501	ce.y = c->y;
 502	ce.width = c->w;
 503	ce.height = c->h;
 504	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 505	ce.above = None;
 506	ce.override_redirect = False;
 507	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 508}
 509
 510void
 511configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 512	Monitor *m;
 513	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 514
 515	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 516		sw = ev->width;
 517		sh = ev->height;
 518		updategeom();
 519		if(dc.drawable != 0)
 520			XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 521		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 522		updatebars();
 523		for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 524			XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 525		arrange();
 526	}
 527}
 528
 529void
 530configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 531	Client *c;
 532	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 533	XWindowChanges wc;
 534
 535	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 536		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 537			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 538		else if(c->isfloating || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 539			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 540				c->x = sx + ev->x;
 541			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 542				c->y = sy + ev->y;
 543			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 544				c->w = ev->width;
 545			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 546				c->h = ev->height;
 547			if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 548				c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 549			if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 550				c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 551			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 552				configure(c);
 553			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 554				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 555		}
 556		else
 557			configure(c);
 558	}
 559	else {
 560		wc.x = ev->x;
 561		wc.y = ev->y;
 562		wc.width = ev->width;
 563		wc.height = ev->height;
 564		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 565		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 566		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 567		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 568	}
 569	XSync(dpy, False);
 570}
 571
 572void
 573destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 574	Client *c;
 575	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 576
 577	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 578		unmanage(c);
 579}
 580
 581void
 582detach(Client *c) {
 583	Client **tc;
 584
 585	for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 586	*tc = c->next;
 587}
 588
 589void
 590detachstack(Client *c) {
 591	Client **tc;
 592
 593	for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 594	*tc = c->snext;
 595}
 596
 597void
 598die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 599	va_list ap;
 600
 601	va_start(ap, errstr);
 602	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 603	va_end(ap);
 604	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 605}
 606
 607void
 608drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 609	int x;
 610	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 611	unsigned long *col;
 612	Client *c;
 613
 614	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 615		occ |= c->tags;
 616		if(c->isurgent)
 617			urg |= c->tags;
 618	}
 619
 620	dc.x = 0;
 621#ifdef XINERAMA
 622	{
 623		char buf[2];
 624		buf[0] = m->screen_number + '0';
 625		buf[1] = '\0';
 626		dc.w = TEXTW(buf);
 627		drawtext(buf, selmon == m ? dc.sel : dc.norm, True);
 628		dc.x += dc.w;
 629	}
 630#endif /* XINERAMA */
 631	m->btx = dc.x;
 632	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 633		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 634		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 635		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 636		drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 637		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 638		dc.x += dc.w;
 639	}
 640	if(blw > 0) {
 641		dc.w = blw;
 642		drawtext(lt[m->sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 643		x = dc.x + dc.w;
 644	}
 645	else
 646		x = dc.x;
 647	if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 648		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 649		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 650		if(dc.x < x) {
 651			dc.x = x;
 652			dc.w = m->ww - x;
 653		}
 654		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 655	}
 656	else {
 657		dc.x = m->ww;
 658	}
 659	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 660		dc.x = x;
 661		if(m->sel) {
 662			col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 663			drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 664			drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 665		}
 666		else
 667			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 668	}
 669	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 670	XSync(dpy, False);
 671}
 672
 673void
 674drawbars() {
 675	Monitor *m;
 676
 677	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 678		drawbar(m);
 679}
 680
 681void
 682drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 683	int x;
 684	XGCValues gcv;
 685	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 686
 687	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 688	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 689	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 690	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 691	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 692	if(filled) {
 693		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 694		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 695	}
 696	else if(empty) {
 697		r.width = r.height = x;
 698		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 699	}
 700}
 701
 702void
 703drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 704	char buf[256];
 705	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 706	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 707
 708	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 709	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 710	if(!text)
 711		return;
 712	olen = strlen(text);
 713	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 714	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 715	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 716	/* shorten text if necessary */
 717	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 718	if(!len)
 719		return;
 720	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 721	if(len < olen)
 722		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 723	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 724	if(dc.font.set)
 725		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 726	else
 727		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 728}
 729
 730void
 731enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 732	Client *c;
 733	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 734
 735	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 736		return;
 737	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 738		focus(c);
 739	else
 740		focus(NULL);
 741}
 742
 743void
 744expose(XEvent *e) {
 745	Monitor *m;
 746	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 747
 748	if(ev->count == 0)
 749		for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 750			if(ev->window == m->barwin) {
 751				drawbar(m);
 752				break;
 753			}
 754}
 755
 756void
 757focus(Client *c) {
 758	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 759		for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 760	if(selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c) {
 761		grabbuttons(selmon->sel, False);
 762		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, selmon->sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 763	}
 764	if(c) {
 765		if(c->isurgent)
 766			clearurgent(c);
 767		detachstack(c);
 768		attachstack(c);
 769		grabbuttons(c, True);
 770		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 771		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 772	}
 773	else
 774		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 775	selmon->sel = c;
 776	drawbars();
 777}
 778
 779void
 780focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 781	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 782
 783	if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 784		XSetInputFocus(dpy, selmon->sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 785}
 786
 787#ifdef XINERAMA
 788void
 789focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 790	unsigned int i;
 791	Monitor *m; 
 792
 793	for(i = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, i++)
 794		if(i == arg->ui) {
 795			selmon = m;
 796			focus(NULL);
 797			drawbars();
 798			break;
 799		}
 800}
 801#endif /* XINERAMA */
 802
 803void
 804focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 805	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 806
 807	if(!selmon->sel)
 808		return;
 809	if(arg->i > 0) {
 810		for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 811		if(!c)
 812			for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 813	}
 814	else {
 815		for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 816			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 817				c = i;
 818		if(!c)
 819			for(; i; i = i->next)
 820				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 821					c = i;
 822	}
 823	if(c) {
 824		focus(c);
 825		restack(selmon);
 826	}
 827}
 828
 829Client *
 830getclient(Window w) {
 831	Client *c;
 832	Monitor *m;
 833
 834	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 835		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
 836			if(c->win == w)
 837				return c;
 838	return NULL;
 839}
 840
 841unsigned long
 842getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 843	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 844	XColor color;
 845
 846	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 847		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 848	return color.pixel;
 849}
 850
 851long
 852getstate(Window w) {
 853	int format, status;
 854	long result = -1;
 855	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 856	unsigned long n, extra;
 857	Atom real;
 858
 859	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 860			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 861	if(status != Success)
 862		return -1;
 863	if(n != 0)
 864		result = *p;
 865	XFree(p);
 866	return result;
 867}
 868
 869Bool
 870gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 871	char **list = NULL;
 872	int n;
 873	XTextProperty name;
 874
 875	if(!text || size == 0)
 876		return False;
 877	text[0] = '\0';
 878	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 879	if(!name.nitems)
 880		return False;
 881	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 882		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 883	else {
 884		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 885		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 886			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 887			XFreeStringList(list);
 888		}
 889	}
 890	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 891	XFree(name.value);
 892	return True;
 893}
 894
 895void
 896grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 897	updatenumlockmask();
 898	{
 899		unsigned int i, j;
 900		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 901		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 902		if(focused) {
 903			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 904				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 905					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 906						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 907						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 908						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 909						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 910		} else
 911			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 912			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 913	}
 914}
 915
 916void
 917grabkeys(void) {
 918	updatenumlockmask();
 919	{ /* grab keys */
 920		unsigned int i, j;
 921		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 922		KeyCode code;
 923
 924		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 925		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 926			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 927				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 928					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 929						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 930		}
 931	}
 932}
 933
 934void
 935initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 936	char *def, **missing;
 937	int i, n;
 938
 939	missing = NULL;
 940	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 941	if(missing) {
 942		while(n--)
 943			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 944		XFreeStringList(missing);
 945	}
 946	if(dc.font.set) {
 947		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 948		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 949		char **font_names;
 950		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 951		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 952		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 953		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 954			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 955			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 956			xfonts++;
 957		}
 958	}
 959	else {
 960		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 961		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 962			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 963		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 964		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 965	}
 966	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 967}
 968
 969Bool
 970isprotodel(Client *c) {
 971	int i, n;
 972	Atom *protocols;
 973	Bool ret = False;
 974
 975	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 976		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 977			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 978				ret = True;
 979		XFree(protocols);
 980	}
 981	return ret;
 982}
 983
 984void
 985keypress(XEvent *e) {
 986	unsigned int i;
 987	KeySym keysym;
 988	XKeyEvent *ev;
 989
 990	ev = &e->xkey;
 991	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 992	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 993		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 994		   && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 995		   && keys[i].func)
 996			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 997}
 998
 999void
1000killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1001	XEvent ev;
1002
1003	if(!selmon->sel)
1004		return;
1005	if(isprotodel(selmon->sel)) {
1006		ev.type = ClientMessage;
1007		ev.xclient.window = selmon->sel->win;
1008		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1009		ev.xclient.format = 32;
1010		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1011		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1012		XSendEvent(dpy, selmon->sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1013	}
1014	else
1015		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1016}
1017
1018void
1019manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1020	static Client cz;
1021	Client *c, *t = NULL;
1022	Window trans = None;
1023	XWindowChanges wc;
1024
1025	if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
1026		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1027	*c = cz;
1028	c->win = w;
1029	c->mon = selmon;
1030
1031	/* geometry */
1032	c->x = wa->x;
1033	c->y = wa->y;
1034	c->w = wa->width;
1035	c->h = wa->height;
1036	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1037	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1038		c->x = sx;
1039		c->y = sy;
1040		c->bw = 0;
1041	}
1042	else {
1043		if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
1044			c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
1045		if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
1046			c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
1047		c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
1048		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1049		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1050		           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : sy);
1051		c->bw = borderpx;
1052	}
1053
1054	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1055	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1056	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1057	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1058	updatesizehints(c);
1059	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1060	grabbuttons(c, False);
1061	updatetitle(c);
1062	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
1063		t = getclient(trans);
1064	if(t)
1065		c->tags = t->tags;
1066	else
1067		applyrules(c);
1068	if(!c->isfloating)
1069		c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1070	if(c->isfloating)
1071		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1072	attach(c);
1073	attachstack(c);
1074	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1075	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1076	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1077	arrange();
1078}
1079
1080void
1081mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1082	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1083
1084	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1085	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1086		grabkeys();
1087}
1088
1089void
1090maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1091	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1092	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1093
1094	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1095		return;
1096	if(wa.override_redirect)
1097		return;
1098	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1099		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1100}
1101
1102void
1103monocle(Monitor *m) {
1104	Client *c;
1105
1106	for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1107		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw);
1108}
1109
1110void
1111movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1112	int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1113	unsigned int dui;
1114	Client *c;
1115	Window dummy;
1116	XEvent ev;
1117
1118	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1119		return;
1120	restack(selmon);
1121	ocx = c->x;
1122	ocy = c->y;
1123	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1124	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1125		return;
1126	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
1127	do {
1128		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1129		switch (ev.type) {
1130		case ConfigureRequest:
1131		case Expose:
1132		case MapRequest:
1133			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1134			break;
1135		case MotionNotify:
1136			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1137			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1138			if(snap && nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1139			        && ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1140				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1141					nx = selmon->wx;
1142				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1143					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1144				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1145					ny = selmon->wy;
1146				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1147					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1148				if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1149				                  && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1150					togglefloating(NULL);
1151			}
1152			if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1153				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h);
1154			break;
1155		}
1156	}
1157	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1158	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1159}
1160
1161Client *
1162nexttiled(Client *c) {
1163	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1164	return c;
1165}
1166
1167void
1168propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1169	Client *c;
1170	Window trans;
1171	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1172
1173	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1174		updatestatus();
1175	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1176		return; /* ignore */
1177	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1178		switch (ev->atom) {
1179		default: break;
1180		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1181			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1182			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1183				arrange();
1184			break;
1185		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1186			updatesizehints(c);
1187			break;
1188		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1189			updatewmhints(c);
1190			drawbars();
1191			break;
1192		}
1193		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1194			updatetitle(c);
1195			if(c == selmon->sel)
1196				drawbars();
1197		}
1198	}
1199}
1200
1201void
1202quit(const Arg *arg) {
1203	running = False;
1204}
1205
1206void
1207resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1208	XWindowChanges wc;
1209
1210	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h)) {
1211		c->x = wc.x = x;
1212		c->y = wc.y = y;
1213		c->w = wc.width = w;
1214		c->h = wc.height = h;
1215		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1216		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1217				CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1218		configure(c);
1219		XSync(dpy, False);
1220	}
1221}
1222
1223void
1224resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1225	int ocx, ocy;
1226	int nw, nh;
1227	Client *c;
1228	XEvent ev;
1229
1230	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1231		return;
1232	restack(selmon);
1233	ocx = c->x;
1234	ocy = c->y;
1235	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1236	None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1237		return;
1238	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1239	do {
1240		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1241		switch(ev.type) {
1242		case ConfigureRequest:
1243		case Expose:
1244		case MapRequest:
1245			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1246			break;
1247		case MotionNotify:
1248			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1249			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1250
1251			if(snap && nw >= selmon->wx && nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1252			        && nh >= selmon->wy && nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1253				if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1254				   && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1255					togglefloating(NULL);
1256			}
1257			if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1258				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh);
1259			break;
1260		}
1261	}
1262	while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1263	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1264	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1265	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1266}
1267
1268void
1269restack(Monitor *m) {
1270	Client *c;
1271	XEvent ev;
1272	XWindowChanges wc;
1273
1274	drawbars();
1275	if(!m->sel)
1276		return;
1277	if(m->sel->isfloating || !lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1278		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1279	if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1280		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1281		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1282		for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1283			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1284				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1285				wc.sibling = c->win;
1286			}
1287	}
1288	XSync(dpy, False);
1289	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1290}
1291
1292void
1293run(void) {
1294	XEvent ev;
1295
1296	/* main event loop */
1297	XSync(dpy, False);
1298	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1299		if(handler[ev.type])
1300			(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1301	}
1302}
1303
1304void
1305scan(void) {
1306	unsigned int i, num;
1307	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1308	XWindowAttributes wa;
1309
1310	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1311		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1312			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1313			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1314				continue;
1315			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1316				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1317		}
1318		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1319			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1320				continue;
1321			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1322			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1323				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1324		}
1325		if(wins)
1326			XFree(wins);
1327	}
1328}
1329
1330void
1331setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1332	long data[] = {state, None};
1333
1334	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1335			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1336}
1337
1338void
1339setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1340	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[selmon->sellt])
1341		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1342	if(arg && arg->v)
1343		lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1344	if(selmon->sel)
1345		arrange();
1346	else
1347		drawbars();
1348}
1349
1350/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1351void
1352setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1353	float f;
1354
1355	if(!arg || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1356		return;
1357	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1358	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1359		return;
1360	selmon->mfact = f;
1361	arrange();
1362}
1363
1364void
1365setup(void) {
1366	unsigned int i;
1367	int w;
1368	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1369
1370	/* init screen */
1371	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1372	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1373	initfont(font);
1374	sx = 0;
1375	sy = 0;
1376	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1377	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1378	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1379	lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1380	lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1381	updategeom();
1382
1383	/* init atoms */
1384	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1385	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1386	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1387	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1388	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1389
1390	/* init cursors */
1391	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1392	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1393	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1394
1395	/* init appearance */
1396	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1397	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1398	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1399	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1400	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1401	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1402	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1403	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1404	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1405	if(!dc.font.set)
1406		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1407
1408	/* init bars */
1409	for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1410		w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1411		blw = MAX(blw, w);
1412	}
1413	updatebars();
1414	updatestatus();
1415
1416	/* EWMH support per view */
1417	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1418			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1419
1420	/* select for events */
1421	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1422	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1423			|EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1424			|PropertyChangeMask;
1425	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1426	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1427
1428	grabkeys();
1429}
1430
1431void
1432showhide(Client *c) {
1433	if(!c)
1434		return;
1435	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1436		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1437		if(!lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1438			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1439		showhide(c->snext);
1440	}
1441	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1442		showhide(c->snext);
1443		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1444	}
1445}
1446
1447
1448void
1449sigchld(int signal) {
1450	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1451}
1452
1453void
1454spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1455	signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1456	if(fork() == 0) {
1457		if(dpy)
1458			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1459		setsid();
1460		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1461		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1462		perror(" failed");
1463		exit(0);
1464	}
1465}
1466
1467void
1468tag(const Arg *arg) {
1469	if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1470		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1471		arrange();
1472	}
1473}
1474
1475#ifdef XINERAMA
1476void
1477tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1478	unsigned int i;
1479	Client *c;
1480	Monitor *m;
1481
1482	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1483		return;
1484	for(i = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, i++)
1485		if(i == arg->ui) {
1486			detach(c);
1487			detachstack(c);
1488			c->mon = m;
1489			attach(c);
1490			attachstack(c);
1491			selmon->sel = selmon->stack;
1492			m->sel = c;
1493			arrange();
1494			break;
1495		}
1496}
1497#endif /* XINERAMA */
1498
1499int
1500textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1501	XRectangle r;
1502
1503	if(dc.font.set) {
1504		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1505		return r.width;
1506	}
1507	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1508}
1509
1510void
1511tile(Monitor *m) {
1512	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1513	unsigned int i, n;
1514	Client *c;
1515
1516	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1517	if(n == 0)
1518		return;
1519
1520	/* master */
1521	c = nexttiled(m->clients);
1522	mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1523	resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw);
1524
1525	if(--n == 0)
1526		return;
1527
1528	/* tile stack */
1529	x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1530	y = m->wy;
1531	w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1532	h = m->wh / n;
1533	if(h < bh)
1534		h = m->wh;
1535
1536	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1537		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1538		       ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw));
1539		if(h != m->wh)
1540			y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1541	}
1542}
1543
1544void
1545togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1546	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1547	updatebarpos(selmon);
1548	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1549	arrange();
1550}
1551
1552void
1553togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1554	if(!selmon->sel)
1555		return;
1556	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1557	if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1558		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y, selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h);
1559	arrange();
1560}
1561
1562void
1563toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1564	unsigned int mask;
1565
1566	if(!selmon->sel)
1567		return;
1568	
1569	mask = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1570	if(mask) {
1571		selmon->sel->tags = mask;
1572		arrange();
1573	}
1574}
1575
1576void
1577toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1578	unsigned int mask = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1579
1580	if(mask) {
1581		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = mask;
1582		arrange();
1583	}
1584}
1585
1586void
1587unmanage(Client *c) {
1588	XWindowChanges wc;
1589
1590	wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1591	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1592	XGrabServer(dpy);
1593	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1594	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1595	detach(c);
1596	detachstack(c);
1597	if(c->mon->sel == c) {
1598		c->mon->sel = c->mon->stack;
1599		focus(NULL);
1600	}
1601	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1602	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1603	free(c);
1604	XSync(dpy, False);
1605	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1606	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1607	arrange();
1608}
1609
1610void
1611unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1612	Client *c;
1613	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1614
1615	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1616		unmanage(c);
1617}
1618
1619void
1620updatebars(void) {
1621	Monitor *m;
1622	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1623
1624	wa.override_redirect = True;
1625	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1626	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1627
1628	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1629		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1630
1631		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1632		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1633		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1634		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1635	}
1636}
1637
1638void
1639updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1640	m->wy = m->my;
1641	m->wh = m->mh;
1642	if(m->showbar) {
1643		m->wh -= bh;
1644		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1645		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1646	}
1647	else
1648		m->by = -bh;
1649}
1650
1651void
1652updategeom(void) {
1653	int i, di, n = 1, x, y;
1654	unsigned int dui;
1655	Client *c;
1656	Monitor *newmons = NULL, *m, *tm;
1657	Window dummy;
1658
1659#ifdef XINULATOR
1660	n = 2;
1661#elif defined(XINERAMA)
1662	XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1663
1664	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy))
1665		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n);
1666#endif
1667	/* allocate monitor(s) for the new geometry setup */
1668	for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1669		m = (Monitor *)malloc(sizeof(Monitor));
1670		m->next = newmons;
1671		newmons = m;
1672	}
1673
1674	/* initialise monitor(s) */
1675#ifdef XINULATOR
1676	if(1) {
1677		m = newmons;
1678		m->screen_number = 0;
1679		m->wx = sx;
1680		m->my = m->wy = sy;
1681		m->ww = sw;
1682		m->mh = m->wh = sh / 2;
1683		m = newmons->next;
1684		m->screen_number = 1;
1685		m->wx = sx;
1686		m->my = m->wy = sy + sh / 2;
1687		m->ww = sw;
1688		m->mh = m->wh = sh / 2;
1689	}
1690	else
1691#elif defined(XINERAMA)
1692	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1693		for(i = 0, m = newmons; m; m = m->next, i++) {
1694			m->screen_number = info[i].screen_number;
1695			m->wx = info[i].x_org;
1696			m->my = m->wy = info[i].y_org;
1697			m->ww = info[i].width;
1698			m->mh = m->wh = info[i].height;
1699		}
1700		XFree(info);
1701	}
1702	else
1703#endif
1704	/* default monitor setup */
1705	{
1706		m->screen_number = 0;
1707		m->wx = sx;
1708		m->my = m->wy = sy;
1709		m->ww = sw;
1710		m->mh = m->wh = sh;
1711	}
1712
1713	/* bar geometry setup */
1714	for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next) {
1715		/* TODO: consider removing the following values from config.h */
1716		m->clients = NULL;
1717		m->sel = NULL;
1718		m->stack = NULL;
1719		m->seltags = 0;
1720		m->sellt = 0;
1721		m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
1722		m->mfact = mfact;
1723		m->showbar = showbar;
1724		m->topbar = topbar;
1725		updatebarpos(m);
1726	}
1727
1728	/* reassign left over clients of disappeared monitors */
1729	for(tm = mons; tm; tm = tm->next) {
1730		while(tm->clients) {
1731			c = tm->clients;
1732			tm->clients = c->next;
1733			detachstack(c);
1734			c->mon = newmons;
1735			attach(c);
1736			attachstack(c);
1737		}
1738	}
1739
1740	/* select focused monitor */
1741	selmon = newmons;
1742	if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui)) 
1743		for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next)
1744			if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh)) {
1745				selmon = m;
1746				break;
1747			}
1748
1749	/* final assignment of new monitors */
1750	cleanupmons();
1751	mons = newmons;
1752}
1753
1754void
1755updatenumlockmask(void) {
1756	unsigned int i, j;
1757	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1758
1759	numlockmask = 0;
1760	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1761	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1762		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1763			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1764			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1765				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1766	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1767}
1768
1769void
1770updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1771	long msize;
1772	XSizeHints size;
1773
1774	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1775		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1776		size.flags = PSize;
1777	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1778		c->basew = size.base_width;
1779		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1780	}
1781	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1782		c->basew = size.min_width;
1783		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1784	}
1785	else
1786		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1787	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1788		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1789		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1790	}
1791	else
1792		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1793	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1794		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1795		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1796	}
1797	else
1798		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1799	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1800		c->minw = size.min_width;
1801		c->minh = size.min_height;
1802	}
1803	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1804		c->minw = size.base_width;
1805		c->minh = size.base_height;
1806	}
1807	else
1808		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1809	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1810		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1811		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1812	}
1813	else
1814		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1815	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1816	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1817}
1818
1819void
1820updatetitle(Client *c) {
1821	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1822		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1823}
1824
1825void
1826updatestatus() {
1827	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1828		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1829	drawbar(selmon);
1830}
1831
1832void
1833updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1834	XWMHints *wmh;
1835
1836	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1837		if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1838			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1839			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1840		}
1841		else
1842			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1843
1844		XFree(wmh);
1845	}
1846}
1847
1848void
1849view(const Arg *arg) {
1850	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1851		return;
1852	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1853	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1854		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1855	arrange();
1856}
1857
1858/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1859 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1860 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1861int
1862xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1863	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1864	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1865	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1866	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1867	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1868	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1869	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1870	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1871	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1872		return 0;
1873	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1874			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1875	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1876}
1877
1878int
1879xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1880	return 0;
1881}
1882
1883/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1884 * is already running. */
1885int
1886xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1887	otherwm = True;
1888	return -1;
1889}
1890
1891void
1892zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1893	Client *c = selmon->sel;
1894
1895	if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle || (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
1896		return;
1897	if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
1898		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1899			return;
1900	detach(c);
1901	attach(c);
1902	focus(c);
1903	arrange();
1904}
1905
1906int
1907main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1908	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1909		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1910	else if(argc != 1)
1911		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1912
1913	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1914		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1915
1916	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1917		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1918
1919	checkotherwm();
1920	setup();
1921	scan();
1922	run();
1923	cleanup();
1924
1925	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1926	return 0;
1927}