all repos — dwm @ 35efafe8ac901b7764b7950d3a7c8565e53c5381

fork of suckless dynamic window manager

dwm.c (view raw)

   1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  
  21 *
  22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23 *
  24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25 */
  26#include <errno.h>
  27#include <locale.h>
  28#include <stdarg.h>
  29#include <stdio.h>
  30#include <stdlib.h>
  31#include <string.h>
  32#include <unistd.h>
  33#include <sys/select.h>
  34#include <sys/types.h>
  35#include <sys/wait.h>
  36#include <regex.h>
  37#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  38#include <X11/keysym.h>
  39#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  40#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  41#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  42#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  43
  44/* macros */
  45#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  46#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  47#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  48
  49/* enums */
  50enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };			/* bar position */
  51enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  52enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  53enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  54enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  55
  56/* typedefs */
  57typedef struct Client Client;
  58struct Client {
  59	char name[256];
  60	int x, y, w, h;
  61	int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  62	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  63	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  64	long flags;
  65	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  66	Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  67	Bool *tags;
  68	Client *next;
  69	Client *prev;
  70	Client *snext;
  71	Window win;
  72};
  73
  74typedef struct {
  75	int x, y, w, h;
  76	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  77	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  78	Drawable drawable;
  79	GC gc;
  80	struct {
  81		int ascent;
  82		int descent;
  83		int height;
  84		XFontSet set;
  85		XFontStruct *xfont;
  86	} font;
  87} DC; /* draw context */
  88
  89typedef struct {
  90	unsigned long mod;
  91	KeySym keysym;
  92	void (*func)(const char *arg);
  93	const char *arg;
  94} Key;
  95
  96typedef struct {
  97	const char *symbol;
  98	void (*arrange)(void);
  99} Layout;
 100
 101typedef struct {
 102	const char *prop;
 103	const char *tags;
 104	Bool isfloating;
 105} Rule;
 106
 107typedef struct {
 108	regex_t *propregex;
 109	regex_t *tagregex;
 110} Regs;
 111
 112/* function declarations */
 113void applyrules(Client *c);
 114void arrange(void);
 115void attach(Client *c);
 116void attachstack(Client *c);
 117void ban(Client *c);
 118void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 119void checkotherwm(void);
 120void cleanup(void);
 121void compileregs(void);
 122void configure(Client *c);
 123void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 124void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 125void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 126void detach(Client *c);
 127void detachstack(Client *c);
 128void drawbar(void);
 129void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 130void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 131void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 132void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 133void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 134void expose(XEvent *e);
 135void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 136void focus(Client *c);
 137void focusnext(const char *arg);
 138void focusprev(const char *arg);
 139Client *getclient(Window w);
 140unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 141long getstate(Window w);
 142Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 143void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 144unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 145void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 146Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 147Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 148Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 149void keypress(XEvent *e);
 150void killclient(const char *arg);
 151void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 152void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 153void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 154void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 155void movemouse(Client *c);
 156Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 157void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 158void quit(const char *arg);
 159void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 160void resizemouse(Client *c);
 161void restack(void);
 162void run(void);
 163void scan(void);
 164void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 165void setlayout(const char *arg);
 166void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 167void setup(void);
 168void spawn(const char *arg);
 169void tag(const char *arg);
 170unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 171unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 172void tile(void);
 173void togglebar(const char *arg);
 174void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 175void togglemax(const char *arg);
 176void toggletag(const char *arg);
 177void toggleview(const char *arg);
 178void unban(Client *c);
 179void unmanage(Client *c);
 180void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 181void updatebarpos(void);
 182void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 183void updatetitle(Client *c);
 184void view(const char *arg);
 185void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 186int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 187int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 188int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189void zoom(const char *arg);
 190
 191/* variables */
 192char stext[256];
 193double mwfact;
 194int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 195int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 196unsigned int bh, bpos;
 197unsigned int blw = 0;
 198unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 199void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 200	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 201	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 202	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 203	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 204	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 205	[LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 206	[Expose] = expose,
 207	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 208	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 209	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 210	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 211	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 212};
 213Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 214Bool domwfact = True;
 215Bool dozoom = True;
 216Bool otherwm, readin;
 217Bool running = True;
 218Bool selscreen = True;
 219Client *clients = NULL;
 220Client *sel = NULL;
 221Client *stack = NULL;
 222Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 223Display *dpy;
 224DC dc = {0};
 225Layout *layout = NULL;
 226Window barwin, root;
 227Regs *regs = NULL;
 228
 229/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 230#include "config.h"
 231
 232/* function implementations */
 233void
 234applyrules(Client *c) {
 235	static char buf[512];
 236	unsigned int i, j;
 237	regmatch_t tmp;
 238	Bool matched = False;
 239	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 240
 241	/* rule matching */
 242	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 243	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 244			ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 245			ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 246	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
 247		if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 248			c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 249			for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
 250				if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 251					matched = True;
 252					c->tags[j] = True;
 253				}
 254			}
 255		}
 256	if(ch.res_class)
 257		XFree(ch.res_class);
 258	if(ch.res_name)
 259		XFree(ch.res_name);
 260	if(!matched)
 261		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 262}
 263
 264void
 265arrange(void) {
 266	Client *c;
 267
 268	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 269		if(isvisible(c))
 270			unban(c);
 271		else
 272			ban(c);
 273	layout->arrange();
 274	focus(NULL);
 275	restack();
 276}
 277
 278void
 279attach(Client *c) {
 280	if(clients)
 281		clients->prev = c;
 282	c->next = clients;
 283	clients = c;
 284}
 285
 286void
 287attachstack(Client *c) {
 288	c->snext = stack;
 289	stack = c;
 290}
 291
 292void
 293ban(Client *c) {
 294	if(c->isbanned)
 295		return;
 296	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 297	c->isbanned = True;
 298}
 299
 300void
 301buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 302	unsigned int i, x;
 303	Client *c;
 304	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 305
 306	if(ev->window == barwin) {
 307		x = 0;
 308		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 309			x += textw(tags[i]);
 310			if(ev->x < x) {
 311				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 312					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 313						tag(tags[i]);
 314					else
 315						view(tags[i]);
 316				}
 317				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 318					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 319						toggletag(tags[i]);
 320					else
 321						toggleview(tags[i]);
 322				}
 323				return;
 324			}
 325		}
 326		if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 327			setlayout(NULL);
 328	}
 329	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 330		focus(c);
 331		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 332			return;
 333		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 334			if((layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
 335				restack();
 336			else
 337				togglefloating(NULL);
 338			movemouse(c);
 339		}
 340		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 341			if((floating != layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 342				togglefloating(NULL);
 343			else
 344				zoom(NULL);
 345		}
 346		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 347			if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 348				restack();
 349			else
 350				togglefloating(NULL);
 351			resizemouse(c);
 352		}
 353	}
 354}
 355
 356void
 357checkotherwm(void) {
 358	otherwm = False;
 359	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 360
 361	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 362	XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 363	XSync(dpy, False);
 364	if(otherwm)
 365		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 366	XSync(dpy, False);
 367	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 368	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 369	XSync(dpy, False);
 370}
 371
 372void
 373cleanup(void) {
 374	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 375	while(stack) {
 376		unban(stack);
 377		unmanage(stack);
 378	}
 379	if(dc.font.set)
 380		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 381	else
 382		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 383	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 384	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 385	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 386	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 387	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 388	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 389	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 390	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 391	XSync(dpy, False);
 392}
 393
 394void
 395compileregs(void) {
 396	unsigned int i;
 397	regex_t *reg;
 398
 399	if(regs)
 400		return;
 401	regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
 402	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 403		if(rules[i].prop) {
 404			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 405			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 406				free(reg);
 407			else
 408				regs[i].propregex = reg;
 409		}
 410		if(rules[i].tags) {
 411			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 412			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 413				free(reg);
 414			else
 415				regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 416		}
 417	}
 418}
 419
 420void
 421configure(Client *c) {
 422	XConfigureEvent ce;
 423
 424	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 425	ce.display = dpy;
 426	ce.event = c->win;
 427	ce.window = c->win;
 428	ce.x = c->x;
 429	ce.y = c->y;
 430	ce.width = c->w;
 431	ce.height = c->h;
 432	ce.border_width = c->border;
 433	ce.above = None;
 434	ce.override_redirect = False;
 435	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 436}
 437
 438void
 439configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 440	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 441
 442	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 443		sw = ev->width;
 444		sh = ev->height;
 445		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 446		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 447		XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 448		updatebarpos();
 449		arrange();
 450	}
 451}
 452
 453void
 454configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 455	Client *c;
 456	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 457	XWindowChanges wc;
 458
 459	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 460		c->ismax = False;
 461		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 462			c->border = ev->border_width;
 463		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange)) {
 464			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 465				c->x = ev->x;
 466			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 467				c->y = ev->y;
 468			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 469				c->w = ev->width;
 470			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 471				c->h = ev->height;
 472			if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 473				c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 474			if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 475				c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 476			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 477			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 478				configure(c);
 479			if(isvisible(c))
 480				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 481		}
 482		else
 483			configure(c);
 484	}
 485	else {
 486		wc.x = ev->x;
 487		wc.y = ev->y;
 488		wc.width = ev->width;
 489		wc.height = ev->height;
 490		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 491		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 492		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 493		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 494	}
 495	XSync(dpy, False);
 496}
 497
 498void
 499destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 500	Client *c;
 501	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 502
 503	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 504		unmanage(c);
 505}
 506
 507void
 508detach(Client *c) {
 509	if(c->prev)
 510		c->prev->next = c->next;
 511	if(c->next)
 512		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 513	if(c == clients)
 514		clients = c->next;
 515	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 516}
 517
 518void
 519detachstack(Client *c) {
 520	Client **tc;
 521
 522	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 523	*tc = c->snext;
 524}
 525
 526void
 527drawbar(void) {
 528	int i, x;
 529
 530	dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 531	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 532		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 533		if(seltags[i]) {
 534			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 535			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 536		}
 537		else {
 538			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 539			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 540		}
 541		dc.x += dc.w;
 542	}
 543	dc.w = blw;
 544	drawtext(layout->symbol, dc.norm);
 545	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 546	dc.w = textw(stext);
 547	dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 548	if(dc.x < x) {
 549		dc.x = x;
 550		dc.w = sw - x;
 551	}
 552	drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 553	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 554		dc.x = x;
 555		if(sel) {
 556			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 557			drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 558		}
 559		else
 560			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 561	}
 562	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 563	XSync(dpy, False);
 564}
 565
 566void
 567drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 568	int x;
 569	XGCValues gcv;
 570	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 571
 572	gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 573	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 574	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 575	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 576	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 577	if(filled) {
 578		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 579		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 580	}
 581	else if(empty) {
 582		r.width = r.height = x;
 583		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 584	}
 585}
 586
 587void
 588drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 589	int x, y, w, h;
 590	static char buf[256];
 591	unsigned int len, olen;
 592	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 593
 594	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 595	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 596	if(!text)
 597		return;
 598	w = 0;
 599	olen = len = strlen(text);
 600	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 601		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 602	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 603	buf[len] = 0;
 604	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 605	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 606	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 607	/* shorten text if necessary */
 608	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 609		buf[--len] = 0;
 610	if(len < olen) {
 611		if(len > 1)
 612			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 613		if(len > 2)
 614			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 615		if(len > 3)
 616			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 617	}
 618	if(w > dc.w)
 619		return; /* too long */
 620	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 621	if(dc.font.set)
 622		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 623	else
 624		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 625}
 626
 627void *
 628emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 629	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 630
 631	if(!res)
 632		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 633	return res;
 634}
 635
 636void
 637enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 638	Client *c;
 639	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 640
 641	if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 642		return;
 643	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 644		focus(c);
 645	else if(ev->window == root) {
 646		selscreen = True;
 647		focus(NULL);
 648	}
 649}
 650
 651void
 652eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 653	va_list ap;
 654
 655	va_start(ap, errstr);
 656	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 657	va_end(ap);
 658	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 659}
 660
 661void
 662expose(XEvent *e) {
 663	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 664
 665	if(ev->count == 0) {
 666		if(ev->window == barwin)
 667			drawbar();
 668	}
 669}
 670
 671void
 672floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 673	Client *c;
 674
 675	domwfact = dozoom = False;
 676	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 677		if(isvisible(c))
 678			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 679}
 680
 681void
 682focus(Client *c) {
 683	if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 684		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 685	if(sel && sel != c) {
 686		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 687		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 688	}
 689	if(c) {
 690		detachstack(c);
 691		attachstack(c);
 692		grabbuttons(c, True);
 693	}
 694	sel = c;
 695	drawbar();
 696	if(!selscreen)
 697		return;
 698	if(c) {
 699		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 700		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 701	}
 702	else
 703		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 704}
 705
 706void
 707focusnext(const char *arg) {
 708	Client *c;
 709
 710	if(!sel)
 711		return;
 712	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 713	if(!c)
 714		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 715	if(c) {
 716		focus(c);
 717		restack();
 718	}
 719}
 720
 721void
 722focusprev(const char *arg) {
 723	Client *c;
 724
 725	if(!sel)
 726		return;
 727	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 728	if(!c) {
 729		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 730		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 731	}
 732	if(c) {
 733		focus(c);
 734		restack();
 735	}
 736}
 737
 738Client *
 739getclient(Window w) {
 740	Client *c;
 741
 742	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 743	return c;
 744}
 745
 746unsigned long
 747getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 748	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 749	XColor color;
 750
 751	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 752		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 753	return color.pixel;
 754}
 755
 756long
 757getstate(Window w) {
 758	int format, status;
 759	long result = -1;
 760	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 761	unsigned long n, extra;
 762	Atom real;
 763
 764	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 765			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 766	if(status != Success)
 767		return -1;
 768	if(n != 0)
 769		result = *p;
 770	XFree(p);
 771	return result;
 772}
 773
 774Bool
 775gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 776	char **list = NULL;
 777	int n;
 778	XTextProperty name;
 779
 780	if(!text || size == 0)
 781		return False;
 782	text[0] = '\0';
 783	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 784	if(!name.nitems)
 785		return False;
 786	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 787		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 788	else {
 789		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 790		&& n > 0 && *list) {
 791			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 792			XFreeStringList(list);
 793		}
 794	}
 795	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 796	XFree(name.value);
 797	return True;
 798}
 799
 800void
 801grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 802	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 803
 804	if(focused) {
 805		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 806				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 807		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 808				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 809		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 810				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 811		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 812				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 813
 814		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 819				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 820		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822
 823		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 828				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 829		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 830				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 831	}
 832	else
 833		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 834				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 835}
 836
 837unsigned int
 838idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 839	unsigned int i;
 840
 841	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
 842	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 843}
 844
 845void
 846initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 847	char *def, **missing;
 848	int i, n;
 849
 850	missing = NULL;
 851	if(dc.font.set)
 852		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 853	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 854	if(missing) {
 855		while(n--)
 856			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 857		XFreeStringList(missing);
 858	}
 859	if(dc.font.set) {
 860		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 861		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 862		char **font_names;
 863		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 864		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 865		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 866		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 867			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 868				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 869			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 870				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 871			xfonts++;
 872		}
 873	}
 874	else {
 875		if(dc.font.xfont)
 876			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 877		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 878		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 879		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 880			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 881		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 882		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 883	}
 884	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 885}
 886
 887Bool
 888isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 889	Client *c;
 890
 891	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 892		if(c->tags[t])
 893			return True;
 894	return False;
 895}
 896
 897Bool
 898isprotodel(Client *c) {
 899	int i, n;
 900	Atom *protocols;
 901	Bool ret = False;
 902
 903	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 904		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 905			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 906				ret = True;
 907		XFree(protocols);
 908	}
 909	return ret;
 910}
 911
 912Bool
 913isvisible(Client *c) {
 914	unsigned int i;
 915
 916	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 917		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 918			return True;
 919	return False;
 920}
 921
 922void
 923keypress(XEvent *e) {
 924	KEYS
 925	unsigned int i;
 926	KeyCode code;
 927	KeySym keysym;
 928	XKeyEvent *ev;
 929
 930	if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 931		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 932		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 933			code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 934			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 935					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 936			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 937					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 938			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 939					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 940			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 941					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 942		}
 943		return;
 944	}
 945	ev = &e->xkey;
 946	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 947	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 948		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 949		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 950		{
 951			if(keys[i].func)
 952				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 953		}
 954}
 955
 956void
 957killclient(const char *arg) {
 958	XEvent ev;
 959
 960	if(!sel)
 961		return;
 962	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 963		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 964		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 965		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 966		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 967		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 968		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 969		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 970	}
 971	else
 972		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 973}
 974
 975void
 976leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 977	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 978
 979	if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 980		selscreen = False;
 981		focus(NULL);
 982	}
 983}
 984
 985void
 986manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 987	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 988	Window trans;
 989	Status rettrans;
 990	XWindowChanges wc;
 991
 992	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 993	c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
 994	c->win = w;
 995	c->x = wa->x;
 996	c->y = wa->y;
 997	c->w = wa->width;
 998	c->h = wa->height;
 999	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1000	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1001		c->x = sx;
1002		c->y = sy;
1003		c->border = wa->border_width;
1004	}
1005	else {
1006		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1007			c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1008		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1009			c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1010		if(c->x < wax)
1011			c->x = wax;
1012		if(c->y < way)
1013			c->y = way;
1014		c->border = BORDERPX;
1015	}
1016	wc.border_width = c->border;
1017	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1018	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1019	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1020	updatesizehints(c);
1021	XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1022		StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1023	grabbuttons(c, False);
1024	updatetitle(c);
1025	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1026		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1027	if(t)
1028		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1029	applyrules(c);
1030	if(!c->isfloating)
1031		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1032	attach(c);
1033	attachstack(c);
1034	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1035	ban(c);
1036	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1037	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1038	arrange();
1039}
1040
1041void
1042mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1043	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1044
1045	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1046	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1047		keypress(NULL);
1048}
1049
1050void
1051maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1052	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1053	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1054
1055	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1056		return;
1057	if(wa.override_redirect)
1058		return;
1059	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1060		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1061}
1062
1063void
1064movemouse(Client *c) {
1065	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1066	unsigned int dui;
1067	Window dummy;
1068	XEvent ev;
1069
1070	ocx = nx = c->x;
1071	ocy = ny = c->y;
1072	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1073			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1074		return;
1075	c->ismax = False;
1076	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1077	for(;;) {
1078		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1079		switch (ev.type) {
1080		case ButtonRelease:
1081			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1082			return;
1083		case ConfigureRequest:
1084		case Expose:
1085		case MapRequest:
1086			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1087			break;
1088		case MotionNotify:
1089			XSync(dpy, False);
1090			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1091			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1092			if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1093				nx = wax;
1094			else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1095				nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1096			if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1097				ny = way;
1098			else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1099				ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1100			resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1101			break;
1102		}
1103	}
1104}
1105
1106Client *
1107nexttiled(Client *c) {
1108	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1109	return c;
1110}
1111
1112void
1113propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1114	Client *c;
1115	Window trans;
1116	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1117
1118	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1119		return; /* ignore */
1120	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1121		switch (ev->atom) {
1122			default: break;
1123			case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1124				XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1125				if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1126					arrange();
1127				break;
1128			case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1129				updatesizehints(c);
1130				break;
1131		}
1132		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1133			updatetitle(c);
1134			if(c == sel)
1135				drawbar();
1136		}
1137	}
1138}
1139
1140void
1141quit(const char *arg) {
1142	readin = running = False;
1143}
1144
1145
1146void
1147resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1148	XWindowChanges wc;
1149
1150	if(sizehints) {
1151		/* set minimum possible */
1152		if (w < 1)
1153			w = 1;
1154		if (h < 1)
1155			h = 1;
1156
1157		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1158		w -= c->basew;
1159		h -= c->baseh;
1160
1161		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1162		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1163			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1164				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1165			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1166				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1167		}
1168
1169		/* adjust for increment value */
1170		if(c->incw)
1171			w -= w % c->incw;
1172		if(c->inch)
1173			h -= h % c->inch;
1174
1175		/* restore base dimensions */
1176		w += c->basew;
1177		h += c->baseh;
1178
1179		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1180			w = c->minw;
1181		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1182			h = c->minh;
1183		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1184			w = c->maxw;
1185		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1186			h = c->maxh;
1187	}
1188	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1189		return;
1190	/* offscreen appearance fixes */
1191	if(x > sw)
1192		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1193	if(y > sh)
1194		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1195	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1196		x = sx;
1197	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1198		y = sy;
1199	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1200		c->x = wc.x = x;
1201		c->y = wc.y = y;
1202		c->w = wc.width = w;
1203		c->h = wc.height = h;
1204		wc.border_width = c->border;
1205		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1206		configure(c);
1207		XSync(dpy, False);
1208	}
1209}
1210
1211void
1212resizemouse(Client *c) {
1213	int ocx, ocy;
1214	int nw, nh;
1215	XEvent ev;
1216
1217	ocx = c->x;
1218	ocy = c->y;
1219	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1220			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1221		return;
1222	c->ismax = False;
1223	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1224	for(;;) {
1225		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1226		switch(ev.type) {
1227		case ButtonRelease:
1228			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1229					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1230			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1231			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1232			return;
1233		case ConfigureRequest:
1234		case Expose:
1235		case MapRequest:
1236			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1237			break;
1238		case MotionNotify:
1239			XSync(dpy, False);
1240			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1241				nw = 1;
1242			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1243				nh = 1;
1244			resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1245			break;
1246		}
1247	}
1248}
1249
1250void
1251restack(void) {
1252	Client *c;
1253	XEvent ev;
1254	XWindowChanges wc;
1255
1256	drawbar();
1257	if(!sel)
1258		return;
1259	if(sel->isfloating || (layout->arrange == floating))
1260		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1261	if(layout->arrange != floating) {
1262		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1263		wc.sibling = barwin;
1264		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1265			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1266			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1267		}
1268		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1269			if(c == sel)
1270				continue;
1271			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1272			wc.sibling = c->win;
1273		}
1274	}
1275	XSync(dpy, False);
1276	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1277}
1278
1279void
1280run(void) {
1281	char *p;
1282	fd_set rd;
1283	int r, xfd;
1284	unsigned int len, offset;
1285	XEvent ev;
1286
1287	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1288	XSync(dpy, False);
1289	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1290	readin = True;
1291	offset = 0;
1292	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1293	stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1294	while(running) {
1295		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1296		if(readin)
1297			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1298		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1299		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1300			if(errno == EINTR)
1301				continue;
1302			eprint("select failed\n");
1303		}
1304		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1305			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext + offset, len - offset))) {
1306			case -1:
1307				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1308				readin = False;
1309				break;
1310			case 0:
1311				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1312				readin = False;
1313				break;
1314			default:
1315				stext[offset + r] = '\0';
1316				for(p = stext; *p && *p != '\n'; p++);
1317				if(*p == '\n') {
1318					*p = '\0';
1319					offset = 0;
1320				}
1321				else
1322					offset = (offset + r < len - 1) ? offset + r : 0;
1323			}
1324			drawbar();
1325		}
1326		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1327			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1328			if(handler[ev.type])
1329				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1330		}
1331	}
1332}
1333
1334void
1335scan(void) {
1336	unsigned int i, num;
1337	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1338	XWindowAttributes wa;
1339
1340	wins = NULL;
1341	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1342		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1343			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1344			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1345				continue;
1346			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1347				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1348		}
1349		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1350			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1351				continue;
1352			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1353			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1354				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1355		}
1356	}
1357	if(wins)
1358		XFree(wins);
1359}
1360
1361void
1362setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1363	long data[] = {state, None};
1364
1365	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1366			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1367}
1368
1369void
1370setlayout(const char *arg) {
1371	unsigned int i;
1372
1373	if(!arg) {
1374		if(++layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1375			layout = &layouts[0];
1376	}
1377	else {
1378		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1379			if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1380				break;
1381		if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1382			return;
1383		layout = &layouts[i];
1384	}
1385	if(sel)
1386		arrange();
1387	else
1388		drawbar();
1389}
1390
1391void
1392setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1393	double delta;
1394
1395	if(!domwfact)
1396		return;
1397	/* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1398	if(arg == NULL)
1399		mwfact = MWFACT;
1400	else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1401		if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1402			mwfact += delta;
1403		else
1404			mwfact = delta;
1405		if(mwfact < 0.1)
1406			mwfact = 0.1;
1407		else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1408			mwfact = 0.9;
1409	}
1410	arrange();
1411}
1412
1413void
1414setup(void) {
1415	int d;
1416	unsigned int i, j, mask;
1417	Window w;
1418	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1419	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1420
1421	/* init atoms */
1422	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1423	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1424	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1425	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1426	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1427	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1428	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1429			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1430
1431	/* init cursors */
1432	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1433	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1434	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1435
1436	/* init geometry */
1437	sx = sy = 0;
1438	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1439	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1440
1441	/* init modifier map */
1442	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1443	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1444		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1445			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1446			== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1447				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1448		}
1449	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1450
1451	/* select for events */
1452	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1453		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1454	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1455	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1456	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1457
1458	/* grab keys */
1459	keypress(NULL);
1460
1461	/* init tags */
1462	compileregs();
1463
1464	/* init appearance */
1465	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1466	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1467	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1468	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1469	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1470	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1471	initfont(FONT);
1472	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1473
1474	/* init layouts */
1475	mwfact = MWFACT;
1476	layout = &layouts[0];
1477	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1478		j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1479		if(j > blw)
1480			blw = j;
1481	}
1482
1483	/* init bar */
1484	bpos = BARPOS;
1485	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1486	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1487	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1488	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1489			DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1490			CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1491	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1492	updatebarpos();
1493	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1494	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1495	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1496	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1497	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1498	if(!dc.font.set)
1499		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1500
1501	/* multihead support */
1502	selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1503}
1504
1505void
1506spawn(const char *arg) {
1507	static char *shell = NULL;
1508
1509	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1510		shell = "/bin/sh";
1511	if(!arg)
1512		return;
1513	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1514	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1515	if(fork() == 0) {
1516		if(fork() == 0) {
1517			if(dpy)
1518				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1519			setsid();
1520			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1521			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1522			perror(" failed");
1523		}
1524		exit(0);
1525	}
1526	wait(0);
1527}
1528
1529void
1530tag(const char *arg) {
1531	unsigned int i;
1532
1533	if(!sel)
1534		return;
1535	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1536		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1537	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1538	arrange();
1539}
1540
1541unsigned int
1542textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1543	XRectangle r;
1544
1545	if(dc.font.set) {
1546		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1547		return r.width;
1548	}
1549	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1550}
1551
1552unsigned int
1553textw(const char *text) {
1554	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1555}
1556
1557void
1558tile(void) {
1559	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1560	Client *c, *mc;
1561
1562	domwfact = dozoom = True;
1563	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1564		n++;
1565
1566	/* window geoms */
1567	mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1568	th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1569	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1570		th = wah;
1571
1572	nx = wax;
1573	ny = way;
1574	nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1575	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1576		c->ismax = False;
1577		if(i == 0) { /* master */
1578			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1579			nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1580		}
1581		else {  /* tile window */
1582			if(i == 1) {
1583				ny = way;
1584				nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1585				nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1586			}
1587			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1588				nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1589			else
1590				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1591		}
1592		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1593		if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1594			/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1595			resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1596		if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1597			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1598	}
1599}
1600
1601void
1602togglebar(const char *arg) {
1603	if(bpos == BarOff)
1604		bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1605	else
1606		bpos = BarOff;
1607	updatebarpos();
1608	arrange();
1609}
1610
1611void
1612togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1613	if(!sel)
1614		return;
1615	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1616	if(sel->isfloating)
1617		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1618	arrange();
1619}
1620
1621void
1622togglemax(const char *arg) {
1623	XEvent ev;
1624
1625	if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1626		return;
1627	if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1628		if((layout->arrange == floating) || sel->isfloating)
1629			sel->wasfloating = True;
1630		else {
1631			togglefloating(NULL);
1632			sel->wasfloating = False;
1633		}
1634		sel->rx = sel->x;
1635		sel->ry = sel->y;
1636		sel->rw = sel->w;
1637		sel->rh = sel->h;
1638		resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1639	}
1640	else {
1641		resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1642		if(!sel->wasfloating)
1643			togglefloating(NULL);
1644	}
1645	drawbar();
1646	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1647}
1648
1649void
1650toggletag(const char *arg) {
1651	unsigned int i, j;
1652
1653	if(!sel)
1654		return;
1655	i = idxoftag(arg);
1656	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1657	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1658	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1659		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1660	arrange();
1661}
1662
1663void
1664toggleview(const char *arg) {
1665	unsigned int i, j;
1666
1667	i = idxoftag(arg);
1668	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1669	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1670	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1671		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1672	arrange();
1673}
1674
1675void
1676unban(Client *c) {
1677	if(!c->isbanned)
1678		return;
1679	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1680	c->isbanned = False;
1681}
1682
1683void
1684unmanage(Client *c) {
1685	XWindowChanges wc;
1686
1687	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1688	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1689	XGrabServer(dpy);
1690	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1691	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1692	detach(c);
1693	detachstack(c);
1694	if(sel == c)
1695		focus(NULL);
1696	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1697	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1698	free(c->tags);
1699	free(c);
1700	XSync(dpy, False);
1701	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1702	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1703	arrange();
1704}
1705
1706void
1707unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1708	Client *c;
1709	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1710
1711	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1712		unmanage(c);
1713}
1714
1715void
1716updatebarpos(void) {
1717	XEvent ev;
1718
1719	wax = sx;
1720	way = sy;
1721	wah = sh;
1722	waw = sw;
1723	switch(bpos) {
1724	default:
1725		wah -= bh;
1726		way += bh;
1727		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1728		break;
1729	case BarBot:
1730		wah -= bh;
1731		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1732		break;
1733	case BarOff:
1734		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1735		break;
1736	}
1737	XSync(dpy, False);
1738	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1739}
1740
1741void
1742updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1743	long msize;
1744	XSizeHints size;
1745
1746	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1747		size.flags = PSize;
1748	c->flags = size.flags;
1749	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1750		c->basew = size.base_width;
1751		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1752	}
1753	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1754		c->basew = size.min_width;
1755		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1756	}
1757	else
1758		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1759	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1760		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1761		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1762	}
1763	else
1764		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1765	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1766		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1767		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1768	}
1769	else
1770		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1771	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1772		c->minw = size.min_width;
1773		c->minh = size.min_height;
1774	}
1775	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1776		c->minw = size.base_width;
1777		c->minh = size.base_height;
1778	}
1779	else
1780		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1781	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1782		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1783		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1784		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1785		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1786	}
1787	else
1788		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1789	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1790			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1791}
1792
1793void
1794updatetitle(Client *c) {
1795	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1796		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1797}
1798
1799/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1800 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1801 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1802int
1803xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1804	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1805	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1806	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1807	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1808	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1809	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1810	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1811	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1812		return 0;
1813	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1814		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1815	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1816}
1817
1818int
1819xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1820	return 0;
1821}
1822
1823/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1824 * is already running. */
1825int
1826xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1827	otherwm = True;
1828	return -1;
1829}
1830
1831void
1832view(const char *arg) {
1833	unsigned int i;
1834
1835	memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1836	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1837		seltags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1838	seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1839	arrange();
1840}
1841
1842void
1843viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1844	static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1845
1846	memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1847	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1848	memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1849	arrange();
1850}
1851
1852void
1853zoom(const char *arg) {
1854	Client *c;
1855
1856	if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1857		return;
1858	if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1859		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1860			return;
1861	detach(c);
1862	attach(c);
1863	focus(c);
1864	arrange();
1865}
1866
1867int
1868main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1869	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1870		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 Anselm R. Garbe, Sander van Dijk, "
1871		       "Jukka Salmi, Premysl Hruby, Szabolcs Nagy\n");
1872	else if(argc != 1)
1873		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1874
1875	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1876	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1877		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1878	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1879	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1880
1881	checkotherwm();
1882	setup();
1883	drawbar();
1884	scan();
1885	run();
1886	cleanup();
1887
1888	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1889	return 0;
1890}