1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11 * in O(1) time.
  12 *
  13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
  15 * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
  16 * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17 * client.
  18 *
  19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20 *
  21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22 */
  23#include <errno.h>
  24#include <locale.h>
  25#include <stdarg.h>
  26#include <signal.h>
  27#include <stdio.h>
  28#include <stdlib.h>
  29#include <string.h>
  30#include <unistd.h>
  31#include <sys/types.h>
  32#include <sys/wait.h>
  33#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34#include <X11/keysym.h>
  35#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39#ifdef XINERAMA
  40#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41#endif /* XINERAMA */
  42
  43/* macros */
  44#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46#define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  48#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  49#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  50#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  53#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
  55#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57/* enums */
  58enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  62enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65typedef union {
  66	int i;
  67	unsigned int ui;
  68	float f;
  69	const void *v;
  70} Arg;
  71
  72typedef struct {
  73	unsigned int click;
  74	unsigned int mask;
  75	unsigned int button;
  76	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  77	const Arg arg;
  78} Button;
  79
  80typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  81typedef struct Client Client;
  82struct Client {
  83	char name[256];
  84	float mina, maxa;
  85	int x, y, w, h;
  86	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87	int bw, oldbw;
  88	unsigned int tags;
  89	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90	Client *next;
  91	Client *snext;
  92	Monitor *mon;
  93	Window win;
  94};
  95
  96typedef struct {
  97	int x, y, w, h;
  98	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  99	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 100	Drawable drawable;
 101	GC gc;
 102	struct {
 103		int ascent;
 104		int descent;
 105		int height;
 106		XFontSet set;
 107		XFontStruct *xfont;
 108	} font;
 109} DC; /* draw context */
 110
 111typedef struct {
 112	unsigned int mod;
 113	KeySym keysym;
 114	void (*func)(const Arg *);
 115	const Arg arg;
 116} Key;
 117
 118typedef struct {
 119	const char *symbol;
 120	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 121} Layout;
 122
 123struct Monitor {
 124	char ltsymbol[16];
 125	float mfact;
 126	int num;
 127	int by;               /* bar geometry */
 128	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
 129	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 130	unsigned int seltags;
 131	unsigned int sellt;
 132	unsigned int tagset[2];
 133	Bool showbar;
 134	Bool topbar;
 135	Client *clients;
 136	Client *sel;
 137	Client *stack;
 138	Monitor *next;
 139	Window barwin;
 140	const Layout *lt[2];
 141};
 142
 143typedef struct {
 144	const char *class;
 145	const char *instance;
 146	const char *title;
 147	unsigned int tags;
 148	Bool isfloating;
 149	int monitor;
 150} Rule;
 151
 152/* function declarations */
 153static void applyrules(Client *c);
 154static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
 155static void arrange(Monitor *m);
 156static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
 157static void attach(Client *c);
 158static void attachstack(Client *c);
 159static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 160static void checkotherwm(void);
 161static void cleanup(void);
 162static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
 163static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 164static void configure(Client *c);
 165static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 166static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 167static Monitor *createmon(void);
 168static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 169static void detach(Client *c);
 170static void detachstack(Client *c);
 171static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 172static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
 173static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 174static void drawbars(void);
 175static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 176static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 177static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 178static void expose(XEvent *e);
 179static void focus(Client *c);
 180static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 181static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 182static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 183static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 184static Bool getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
 185static long getstate(Window w);
 186static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 187static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 188static void grabkeys(void);
 189static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 190static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 191static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 192static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 193static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 194static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 195static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 196static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 197static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 198static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 199static Monitor *ptrtomon(int x, int y);
 200static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 201static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 202static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
 203static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 204static void restack(Monitor *m);
 205static void run(void);
 206static void scan(void);
 207static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
 208static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 209static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 210static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 211static void setup(void);
 212static void showhide(Client *c);
 213static void sigchld(int unused);
 214static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 215static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 216static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 217static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 218static void tile(Monitor *);
 219static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 220static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 221static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 222static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 223static void unfocus(Client *c);
 224static void unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed);
 225static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 226static Bool updategeom(void);
 227static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 228static void updatebars(void);
 229static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 230static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 231static void updatestatus(void);
 232static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 233static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 234static void view(const Arg *arg);
 235static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
 236static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
 237static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 238static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 239static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 240static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 241
 242/* variables */
 243static const char broken[] = "broken";
 244static char stext[256];
 245static int screen;
 246static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
 247static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 248static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 249static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 250static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 251	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 252	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 253	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 254	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 255	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 256	[Expose] = expose,
 257	[FocusIn] = focusin,
 258	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 259	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 260	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 261	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 262	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 263};
 264static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 265static Bool otherwm;
 266static Bool running = True;
 267static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 268static Display *dpy;
 269static DC dc;
 270static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 271static Window root;
 272
 273/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 274#include "config.h"
 275
 276/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 277struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
 278
 279/* function implementations */
 280void
 281applyrules(Client *c) {
 282	const char *class, *instance;
 283	unsigned int i;
 284	const Rule *r;
 285	Monitor *m;
 286	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 287
 288	/* rule matching */
 289	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 290	if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 291		class = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
 292		instance = ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : broken;
 293		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 294			r = &rules[i];
 295			if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 296			&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
 297			&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
 298			{
 299				c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 300				c->tags |= r->tags;
 301				for(m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
 302				if(m)
 303					c->mon = m;
 304			}
 305		}
 306		if(ch.res_class)
 307			XFree(ch.res_class);
 308		if(ch.res_name)
 309			XFree(ch.res_name);
 310	}
 311	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 312}
 313
 314Bool
 315applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
 316	Bool baseismin;
 317	Monitor *m = c->mon;
 318
 319	/* set minimum possible */
 320	*w = MAX(1, *w);
 321	*h = MAX(1, *h);
 322	if(interact) {
 323		if(*x > sw)
 324			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 325		if(*y > sh)
 326			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 327		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 328			*x = 0;
 329		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 330			*y = 0;
 331	}
 332	else {
 333		if(*x > m->mx + m->mw)
 334			*x = m->mx + m->mw - WIDTH(c);
 335		if(*y > m->my + m->mh)
 336			*y = m->my + m->mh - HEIGHT(c);
 337		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < m->mx)
 338			*x = m->mx;
 339		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < m->my)
 340			*y = m->my;
 341	}
 342	if(*h < bh)
 343		*h = bh;
 344	if(*w < bh)
 345		*w = bh;
 346	if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 347		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 348		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 349		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 350			*w -= c->basew;
 351			*h -= c->baseh;
 352		}
 353		/* adjust for aspect limits */
 354		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 355			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 356				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
 357			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 358				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
 359		}
 360		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 361			*w -= c->basew;
 362			*h -= c->baseh;
 363		}
 364		/* adjust for increment value */
 365		if(c->incw)
 366			*w -= *w % c->incw;
 367		if(c->inch)
 368			*h -= *h % c->inch;
 369		/* restore base dimensions */
 370		*w += c->basew;
 371		*h += c->baseh;
 372		*w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 373		*h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 374		if(c->maxw)
 375			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 376		if(c->maxh)
 377			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 378	}
 379	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 380}
 381
 382void
 383arrange(Monitor *m) {
 384	if(m)
 385		showhide(m->stack);
 386	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 387		showhide(m->stack);
 388	focus(NULL);
 389	if(m)
 390		arrangemon(m);
 391	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 392		arrangemon(m);
 393}
 394
 395void
 396arrangemon(Monitor *m) {
 397	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 398	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 399		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 400	restack(m);
 401}
 402
 403void
 404attach(Client *c) {
 405	c->next = c->mon->clients;
 406	c->mon->clients = c;
 407}
 408
 409void
 410attachstack(Client *c) {
 411	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 412	c->mon->stack = c;
 413}
 414
 415void
 416buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 417	unsigned int i, x, click;
 418	Arg arg = {0};
 419	Client *c;
 420	Monitor *m;
 421	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 422
 423	click = ClkRootWin;
 424	/* focus monitor if necessary */
 425	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 426		unfocus(selmon->sel);
 427		selmon = m;
 428		focus(NULL);
 429	}
 430	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
 431		i = x = 0;
 432		do {
 433			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 434		} while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 435		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 436			click = ClkTagBar;
 437			arg.ui = 1 << i;
 438		}
 439		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 440			click = ClkLtSymbol;
 441		else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 442			click = ClkStatusText;
 443		else
 444			click = ClkWinTitle;
 445	}
 446	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 447		focus(c);
 448		click = ClkClientWin;
 449	}
 450	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 451		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 452		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 453			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 454}
 455
 456void
 457checkotherwm(void) {
 458	otherwm = False;
 459	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 460	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 461	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 462	XSync(dpy, False);
 463	if(otherwm)
 464		die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 465	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 466	XSync(dpy, False);
 467}
 468
 469void
 470cleanup(void) {
 471	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 472	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 473	Monitor *m;
 474
 475	view(&a);
 476	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 477	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 478		while(m->stack)
 479			unmanage(m->stack, False);
 480	if(dc.font.set)
 481		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 482	else
 483		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 484	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 485	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 486	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 487	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 488	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 489	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 490	while(mons)
 491		cleanupmon(mons);
 492	XSync(dpy, False);
 493	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 494}
 495
 496void
 497cleanupmon(Monitor *mon) {
 498	Monitor *m;
 499
 500	if(mon == mons)
 501		mons = mons->next;
 502	else {
 503		for(m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
 504		m->next = mon->next;
 505	}
 506	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 507	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
 508	free(mon);
 509}
 510
 511void
 512clearurgent(Client *c) {
 513	XWMHints *wmh;
 514
 515	c->isurgent = False;
 516	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 517		return;
 518	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 519	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 520	XFree(wmh);
 521}
 522
 523void
 524configure(Client *c) {
 525	XConfigureEvent ce;
 526
 527	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 528	ce.display = dpy;
 529	ce.event = c->win;
 530	ce.window = c->win;
 531	ce.x = c->x;
 532	ce.y = c->y;
 533	ce.width = c->w;
 534	ce.height = c->h;
 535	ce.border_width = c->bw;
 536	ce.above = None;
 537	ce.override_redirect = False;
 538	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 539}
 540
 541void
 542configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 543	Monitor *m;
 544	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 545
 546	if(ev->window == root) {
 547		sw = ev->width;
 548		sh = ev->height;
 549		if(updategeom()) {
 550			if(dc.drawable != 0)
 551				XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 552			dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 553			updatebars();
 554			for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 555				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 556			arrange(NULL);
 557		}
 558	}
 559}
 560
 561void
 562configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 563	Client *c;
 564	Monitor *m;
 565	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 566	XWindowChanges wc;
 567
 568	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 569		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 570			c->bw = ev->border_width;
 571		else if(c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 572			m = c->mon;
 573			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 574				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
 575			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 576				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
 577			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 578				c->w = ev->width;
 579			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 580				c->h = ev->height;
 581			if((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
 582				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 583			if((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
 584				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 585			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 586				configure(c);
 587			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 588				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 589		}
 590		else
 591			configure(c);
 592	}
 593	else {
 594		wc.x = ev->x;
 595		wc.y = ev->y;
 596		wc.width = ev->width;
 597		wc.height = ev->height;
 598		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 599		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 600		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 601		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 602	}
 603	XSync(dpy, False);
 604}
 605
 606Monitor *
 607createmon(void) {
 608	Monitor *m;
 609
 610	if(!(m = (Monitor *)calloc(1, sizeof(Monitor))))
 611		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Monitor));
 612	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
 613	m->mfact = mfact;
 614	m->showbar = showbar;
 615	m->topbar = topbar;
 616	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
 617	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
 618	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
 619	return m;
 620}
 621
 622void
 623destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 624	Client *c;
 625	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 626
 627	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 628		unmanage(c, True);
 629}
 630
 631void
 632detach(Client *c) {
 633	Client **tc;
 634
 635	for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 636	*tc = c->next;
 637}
 638
 639void
 640detachstack(Client *c) {
 641	Client **tc, *t;
 642
 643	for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 644	*tc = c->snext;
 645
 646	if(c == c->mon->sel) {
 647		for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
 648		c->mon->sel = t;
 649	}
 650}
 651
 652void
 653die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 654	va_list ap;
 655
 656	va_start(ap, errstr);
 657	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 658	va_end(ap);
 659	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 660}
 661
 662Monitor *
 663dirtomon(int dir) {
 664	Monitor *m = NULL;
 665
 666	if(dir > 0) {
 667		if(!(m = selmon->next))
 668			m = mons;
 669	}
 670	else {
 671		if(selmon == mons)
 672			for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
 673		else
 674			for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
 675	}
 676	return m;
 677}
 678
 679void
 680drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 681	int x;
 682	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 683	unsigned long *col;
 684	Client *c;
 685
 686	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 687		occ |= c->tags;
 688		if(c->isurgent)
 689			urg |= c->tags;
 690	}
 691	dc.x = 0;
 692	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 693		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 694		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 695		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 696		drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 697		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 698		dc.x += dc.w;
 699	}
 700	dc.w = blw = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
 701	drawtext(m->ltsymbol, dc.norm, False);
 702	dc.x += dc.w;
 703	x = dc.x;
 704	if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 705		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 706		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 707		if(dc.x < x) {
 708			dc.x = x;
 709			dc.w = m->ww - x;
 710		}
 711		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 712	}
 713	else
 714		dc.x = m->ww;
 715	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 716		dc.x = x;
 717		if(m->sel) {
 718			col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 719			drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 720			drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 721		}
 722		else
 723			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 724	}
 725	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 726	XSync(dpy, False);
 727}
 728
 729void
 730drawbars(void) {
 731	Monitor *m;
 732
 733	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 734		drawbar(m);
 735}
 736
 737void
 738drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 739	int x;
 740	XGCValues gcv;
 741	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 742
 743	gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 744	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 745	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 746	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 747	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 748	if(filled) {
 749		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 750		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 751	}
 752	else if(empty) {
 753		r.width = r.height = x;
 754		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 755	}
 756}
 757
 758void
 759drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 760	char buf[256];
 761	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 762	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 763
 764	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 765	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 766	if(!text)
 767		return;
 768	olen = strlen(text);
 769	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 770	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 771	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 772	/* shorten text if necessary */
 773	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 774	if(!len)
 775		return;
 776	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 777	if(len < olen)
 778		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 779	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 780	if(dc.font.set)
 781		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 782	else
 783		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 784}
 785
 786void
 787enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 788	Client *c;
 789	Monitor *m;
 790	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 791
 792	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 793		return;
 794	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 795		unfocus(selmon->sel);
 796		selmon = m;
 797	}
 798	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 799		focus(c);
 800	else
 801		focus(NULL);
 802}
 803
 804void
 805expose(XEvent *e) {
 806	Monitor *m;
 807	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 808
 809	if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
 810		drawbar(m);
 811}
 812
 813void
 814focus(Client *c) {
 815	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 816		for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 817	if(selmon->sel)
 818		unfocus(selmon->sel);
 819	if(c) {
 820		if(c->mon != selmon)
 821			selmon = c->mon;
 822		if(c->isurgent)
 823			clearurgent(c);
 824		detachstack(c);
 825		attachstack(c);
 826		grabbuttons(c, True);
 827		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 828		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 829	}
 830	else
 831		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 832	selmon->sel = c;
 833	drawbars();
 834}
 835
 836void
 837focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 838	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 839
 840	if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 841		XSetInputFocus(dpy, selmon->sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 842}
 843
 844void
 845focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 846	Monitor *m = NULL;
 847
 848	if(!mons->next)
 849		return;
 850	m = dirtomon(arg->i);
 851	unfocus(selmon->sel);
 852	selmon = m;
 853	focus(NULL);
 854}
 855
 856void
 857focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 858	Client *c = NULL, *i;
 859
 860	if(!selmon->sel)
 861		return;
 862	if(arg->i > 0) {
 863		for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 864		if(!c)
 865			for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 866	}
 867	else {
 868		for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 869			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 870				c = i;
 871		if(!c)
 872			for(; i; i = i->next)
 873				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 874					c = i;
 875	}
 876	if(c) {
 877		focus(c);
 878		restack(selmon);
 879	}
 880}
 881
 882unsigned long
 883getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 884	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 885	XColor color;
 886
 887	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 888		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 889	return color.pixel;
 890}
 891
 892Bool
 893getrootptr(int *x, int *y) {
 894	int di;
 895	unsigned int dui;
 896	Window dummy;
 897
 898	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
 899}
 900
 901long
 902getstate(Window w) {
 903	int format, status;
 904	long result = -1;
 905	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 906	unsigned long n, extra;
 907	Atom real;
 908
 909	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 910	                            &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 911	if(status != Success)
 912		return -1;
 913	if(n != 0)
 914		result = *p;
 915	XFree(p);
 916	return result;
 917}
 918
 919Bool
 920gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 921	char **list = NULL;
 922	int n;
 923	XTextProperty name;
 924
 925	if(!text || size == 0)
 926		return False;
 927	text[0] = '\0';
 928	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 929	if(!name.nitems)
 930		return False;
 931	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 932		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 933	else {
 934		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
 935			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 936			XFreeStringList(list);
 937		}
 938	}
 939	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 940	XFree(name.value);
 941	return True;
 942}
 943
 944void
 945grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 946	updatenumlockmask();
 947	{
 948		unsigned int i, j;
 949		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 950		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 951		if(focused) {
 952			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 953				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 954					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 955						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 956						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 957						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 958						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 959		}
 960		else
 961			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 962			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 963	}
 964}
 965
 966void
 967grabkeys(void) {
 968	updatenumlockmask();
 969	{
 970		unsigned int i, j;
 971		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 972		KeyCode code;
 973
 974		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 975		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 976			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 977				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 978					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 979						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 980		}
 981	}
 982}
 983
 984void
 985initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 986	char *def, **missing;
 987	int i, n;
 988
 989	missing = NULL;
 990	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 991	if(missing) {
 992		while(n--)
 993			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 994		XFreeStringList(missing);
 995	}
 996	if(dc.font.set) {
 997		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 998		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 999		char **font_names;
1000
1001		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
1002		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
1003		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
1004		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
1005			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
1006			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
1007			xfonts++;
1008		}
1009	}
1010	else {
1011		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
1012		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
1013			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
1014		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
1015		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
1016	}
1017	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
1018}
1019
1020Bool
1021isprotodel(Client *c) {
1022	int i, n;
1023	Atom *protocols;
1024	Bool ret = False;
1025
1026	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
1027		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
1028			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
1029				ret = True;
1030		XFree(protocols);
1031	}
1032	return ret;
1033}
1034
1035#ifdef XINERAMA
1036static Bool
1037isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t len, XineramaScreenInfo *info) {
1038	unsigned int i;
1039
1040	for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
1041		if(unique[i].x_org == info->x_org && unique[i].y_org == info->y_org
1042		&& unique[i].width == info->width && unique[i].height == info->height)
1043			return False;
1044	return True;
1045}
1046#endif /* XINERAMA */
1047
1048void
1049keypress(XEvent *e) {
1050	unsigned int i;
1051	KeySym keysym;
1052	XKeyEvent *ev;
1053
1054	ev = &e->xkey;
1055	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1056	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1057		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1058		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
1059		&& keys[i].func)
1060			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
1061}
1062
1063void
1064killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1065	XEvent ev;
1066
1067	if(!selmon->sel)
1068		return;
1069	if(isprotodel(selmon->sel)) {
1070		ev.type = ClientMessage;
1071		ev.xclient.window = selmon->sel->win;
1072		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1073		ev.xclient.format = 32;
1074		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1075		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1076		XSendEvent(dpy, selmon->sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1077	}
1078	else {
1079		XGrabServer(dpy);
1080		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1081		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
1082		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1083		XSync(dpy, False);
1084		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1085		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1086	}
1087}
1088
1089void
1090manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1091	static Client cz;
1092	Client *c, *t = NULL;
1093	Window trans = None;
1094	XWindowChanges wc;
1095
1096	if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
1097		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1098	*c = cz;
1099	c->win = w;
1100	updatetitle(c);
1101	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
1102		t = wintoclient(trans);
1103	if(t) {
1104		c->mon = t->mon;
1105		c->tags = t->tags;
1106	}
1107	else {
1108		c->mon = selmon;
1109		applyrules(c);
1110	}
1111	/* geometry */
1112	c->x = wa->x + c->mon->wx;
1113	c->y = wa->y + c->mon->wy;
1114	c->w = wa->width;
1115	c->h = wa->height;
1116	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1117	if(c->w == c->mon->mw && c->h == c->mon->mh) {
1118		c->x = c->mon->mx;
1119		c->y = c->mon->my;
1120		c->bw = 0;
1121	}
1122	else {
1123		if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
1124			c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
1125		if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
1126			c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
1127		c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
1128		/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1129		c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1130		           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
1131		c->bw = borderpx;
1132	}
1133	wc.border_width = c->bw;
1134	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1135	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1136	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1137	updatesizehints(c);
1138	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1139	grabbuttons(c, False);
1140	if(!c->isfloating)
1141		c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1142	if(c->isfloating)
1143		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1144	attach(c);
1145	attachstack(c);
1146	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1147	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1148	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1149	arrange(c->mon);
1150}
1151
1152void
1153mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1154	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1155
1156	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1157	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1158		grabkeys();
1159}
1160
1161void
1162maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1163	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1164	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1165
1166	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1167		return;
1168	if(wa.override_redirect)
1169		return;
1170	if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
1171		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1172}
1173
1174void
1175monocle(Monitor *m) {
1176	unsigned int n = 0;
1177	Client *c;
1178
1179	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1180		if(ISVISIBLE(c))
1181			n++;
1182	if(n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
1183		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
1184	for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1185		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1186}
1187
1188void
1189movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1190	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
1191	Client *c;
1192	Monitor *m;
1193	XEvent ev;
1194
1195	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1196		return;
1197	restack(selmon);
1198	ocx = c->x;
1199	ocy = c->y;
1200	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1201	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1202		return;
1203	if(!getrootptr(&x, &y))
1204		return;
1205	do {
1206		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1207		switch (ev.type) {
1208		case ConfigureRequest:
1209		case Expose:
1210		case MapRequest:
1211			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1212			break;
1213		case MotionNotify:
1214			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1215			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1216			if(snap && nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1217			&& ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1218				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1219					nx = selmon->wx;
1220				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1221					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1222				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1223					ny = selmon->wy;
1224				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1225					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1226				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1227				&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1228					togglefloating(NULL);
1229			}
1230			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1231				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
1232			break;
1233		}
1234	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1235	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1236	if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1237		sendmon(c, m);
1238		selmon = m;
1239		focus(NULL);
1240	}
1241}
1242
1243Client *
1244nexttiled(Client *c) {
1245	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1246	return c;
1247}
1248
1249Monitor *
1250ptrtomon(int x, int y) {
1251	Monitor *m;
1252
1253	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1254		if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh))
1255			return m;
1256	return selmon;
1257}
1258
1259void
1260propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1261	Client *c;
1262	Window trans;
1263	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1264
1265	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1266		updatestatus();
1267	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1268		return; /* ignore */
1269	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1270		switch (ev->atom) {
1271		default: break;
1272		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1273			XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1274			if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans) != NULL)))
1275				arrange(c->mon);
1276			break;
1277		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1278			updatesizehints(c);
1279			break;
1280		case XA_WM_HINTS:
1281			updatewmhints(c);
1282			drawbars();
1283			break;
1284		}
1285		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1286			updatetitle(c);
1287			if(c == c->mon->sel)
1288				drawbar(c->mon);
1289		}
1290	}
1291}
1292
1293void
1294quit(const Arg *arg) {
1295	running = False;
1296}
1297
1298void
1299resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
1300	XWindowChanges wc;
1301
1302	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact)) {
1303		c->x = wc.x = x;
1304		c->y = wc.y = y;
1305		c->w = wc.width = w;
1306		c->h = wc.height = h;
1307		wc.border_width = c->bw;
1308		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1309		configure(c);
1310		XSync(dpy, False);
1311	}
1312}
1313
1314void
1315resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1316	int ocx, ocy;
1317	int nw, nh;
1318	Client *c;
1319	Monitor *m;
1320	XEvent ev;
1321
1322	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1323		return;
1324	restack(selmon);
1325	ocx = c->x;
1326	ocy = c->y;
1327	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1328	                None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1329		return;
1330	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1331	do {
1332		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1333		switch(ev.type) {
1334		case ConfigureRequest:
1335		case Expose:
1336		case MapRequest:
1337			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1338			break;
1339		case MotionNotify:
1340			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1341			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1342			if(snap && nw >= selmon->wx && nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1343			&& nh >= selmon->wy && nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
1344			{
1345				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1346				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1347					togglefloating(NULL);
1348			}
1349			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1350				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1351			break;
1352		}
1353	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1354	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1355	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1356	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1357	if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1358		sendmon(c, m);
1359		selmon = m;
1360		focus(NULL);
1361	}
1362}
1363
1364void
1365restack(Monitor *m) {
1366	Client *c;
1367	XEvent ev;
1368	XWindowChanges wc;
1369
1370	drawbar(m);
1371	if(!m->sel)
1372		return;
1373	if(m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1374		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1375	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1376		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1377		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1378		for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1379			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1380				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1381				wc.sibling = c->win;
1382			}
1383	}
1384	XSync(dpy, False);
1385	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1386}
1387
1388void
1389run(void) {
1390	XEvent ev;
1391
1392	/* main event loop */
1393	XSync(dpy, False);
1394	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
1395		if(handler[ev.type])
1396			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
1397}
1398
1399void
1400scan(void) {
1401	unsigned int i, num;
1402	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1403	XWindowAttributes wa;
1404
1405	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1406		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1407			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1408			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1409				continue;
1410			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1411				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1412		}
1413		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1414			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1415				continue;
1416			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1417			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1418				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1419		}
1420		if(wins)
1421			XFree(wins);
1422	}
1423}
1424
1425void
1426sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
1427	if(c->mon == m)
1428		return;
1429	unfocus(c);
1430	detach(c);
1431	detachstack(c);
1432	c->mon = m;
1433	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
1434	attach(c);
1435	attachstack(c);
1436	focus(NULL);
1437	arrange(NULL);
1438}
1439
1440void
1441setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1442	long data[] = { state, None };
1443
1444	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1445			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1446}
1447
1448void
1449setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1450	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
1451		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1452	if(arg && arg->v)
1453		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1454	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
1455	if(selmon->sel)
1456		arrange(selmon);
1457	else
1458		drawbar(selmon);
1459}
1460
1461/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1462void
1463setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1464	float f;
1465
1466	if(!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1467		return;
1468	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1469	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1470		return;
1471	selmon->mfact = f;
1472	arrange(selmon);
1473}
1474
1475void
1476setup(void) {
1477	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1478
1479	/* clean up any zombies immediately */
1480	sigchld(0);
1481
1482	/* init screen */
1483	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1484	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1485	initfont(font);
1486	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1487	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1488	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1489	updategeom();
1490	/* init atoms */
1491	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1492	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1493	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1494	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1495	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1496	/* init cursors */
1497	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1498	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1499	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1500	/* init appearance */
1501	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1502	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1503	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1504	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1505	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1506	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1507	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1508	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1509	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1510	if(!dc.font.set)
1511		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1512	/* init bars */
1513	updatebars();
1514	updatestatus();
1515	/* EWMH support per view */
1516	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1517			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1518	/* select for events */
1519	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1520	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1521	                |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1522	                |PropertyChangeMask;
1523	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1524	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1525	grabkeys();
1526}
1527
1528void
1529showhide(Client *c) {
1530	if(!c)
1531		return;
1532	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1533		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1534		if(!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1535			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
1536		showhide(c->snext);
1537	}
1538	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1539		showhide(c->snext);
1540		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1541	}
1542}
1543
1544
1545void
1546sigchld(int unused) {
1547	if(signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld) == SIG_ERR)
1548		die("Can't install SIGCHLD handler");
1549	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1550}
1551
1552void
1553spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1554	if(fork() == 0) {
1555		if(dpy)
1556			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1557		setsid();
1558		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1559		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1560		perror(" failed");
1561		exit(0);
1562	}
1563}
1564
1565void
1566tag(const Arg *arg) {
1567	if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1568		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1569		arrange(selmon);
1570	}
1571}
1572
1573void
1574tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1575	if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
1576		return;
1577	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
1578}
1579
1580int
1581textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1582	XRectangle r;
1583
1584	if(dc.font.set) {
1585		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1586		return r.width;
1587	}
1588	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1589}
1590
1591void
1592tile(Monitor *m) {
1593	int x, y, h, w, mw;
1594	unsigned int i, n;
1595	Client *c;
1596
1597	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1598	if(n == 0)
1599		return;
1600	/* master */
1601	c = nexttiled(m->clients);
1602	mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1603	resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1604	if(--n == 0)
1605		return;
1606	/* tile stack */
1607	x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1608	y = m->wy;
1609	w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1610	h = m->wh / n;
1611	if(h < bh)
1612		h = m->wh;
1613	for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1614		resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1615		       ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), False);
1616		if(h != m->wh)
1617			y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1618	}
1619}
1620
1621void
1622togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1623	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1624	updatebarpos(selmon);
1625	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1626	arrange(selmon);
1627}
1628
1629void
1630togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1631	if(!selmon->sel)
1632		return;
1633	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1634	if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1635		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
1636		       selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
1637	arrange(selmon);
1638}
1639
1640void
1641toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1642	unsigned int newtags;
1643
1644	if(!selmon->sel)
1645		return;
1646	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1647	if(newtags) {
1648		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
1649		arrange(selmon);
1650	}
1651}
1652
1653void
1654toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1655	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1656
1657	if(newtagset) {
1658		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
1659		arrange(selmon);
1660	}
1661}
1662
1663void
1664unfocus(Client *c) {
1665	if(!c)
1666		return;
1667	grabbuttons(c, False);
1668	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1669	XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1670}
1671
1672void
1673unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed) {
1674	Monitor *m = c->mon;
1675	XWindowChanges wc;
1676
1677	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1678	detach(c);
1679	detachstack(c);
1680	if(!destroyed) {
1681		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1682		XGrabServer(dpy);
1683		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1684		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1685		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1686		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1687		XSync(dpy, False);
1688		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1689		XUngrabServer(dpy);
1690	}
1691	free(c);
1692	focus(NULL);
1693	arrange(m);
1694}
1695
1696void
1697unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1698	Client *c;
1699	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1700
1701	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
1702		unmanage(c, False);
1703}
1704
1705void
1706updatebars(void) {
1707	Monitor *m;
1708	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1709
1710	wa.override_redirect = True;
1711	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1712	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1713	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1714		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1715		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1716		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1717		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1718		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1719	}
1720}
1721
1722void
1723updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1724	m->wy = m->my;
1725	m->wh = m->mh;
1726	if(m->showbar) {
1727		m->wh -= bh;
1728		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1729		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1730	}
1731	else
1732		m->by = -bh;
1733}
1734
1735Bool
1736updategeom(void) {
1737	Bool dirty = False;
1738
1739#ifdef XINERAMA
1740	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1741		int i, j, n, nn;
1742		Client *c;
1743		Monitor *m;
1744		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
1745		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
1746
1747		info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
1748		for(n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
1749		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
1750		if(!(unique = (XineramaScreenInfo *)malloc(sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn)))
1751			die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn);
1752		for(i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
1753			if(isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
1754				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
1755		XFree(info);
1756		nn = j;
1757		if(n <= nn) {
1758			for(i = 0; i < (nn - n); i++) { /* new monitors available */
1759				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1760				if(m)
1761					m->next = createmon();
1762				else
1763					mons = createmon();
1764			}
1765			for(i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
1766				if(i >= n
1767				|| (unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
1768				    || unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh))
1769				{
1770					dirty = True;
1771					m->num = i;
1772					m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
1773					m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
1774					m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
1775					m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
1776					updatebarpos(m);
1777				}
1778		}
1779		else { /* less monitors available nn < n */
1780			for(i = nn; i < n; i++) {
1781				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
1782				while(m->clients) {
1783					dirty = True;
1784					c = m->clients;
1785					m->clients = c->next;
1786					detachstack(c);
1787					c->mon = mons;
1788					attach(c);
1789					attachstack(c);
1790				}
1791				if(m == selmon)
1792					selmon = mons;
1793				cleanupmon(m);
1794			}
1795		}
1796		free(unique);
1797	}
1798	else
1799#endif /* XINERAMA */
1800	/* default monitor setup */
1801	{
1802		if(!mons)
1803			mons = createmon();
1804		if(mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
1805			dirty = True;
1806			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
1807			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
1808			updatebarpos(mons);
1809		}
1810	}
1811	if(dirty) {
1812		selmon = mons;
1813		selmon = wintomon(root);
1814	}
1815	return dirty;
1816}
1817
1818void
1819updatenumlockmask(void) {
1820	unsigned int i, j;
1821	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1822
1823	numlockmask = 0;
1824	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1825	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1826		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1827			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1828			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1829				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1830	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1831}
1832
1833void
1834updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1835	long msize;
1836	XSizeHints size;
1837
1838	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1839		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1840		size.flags = PSize;
1841	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1842		c->basew = size.base_width;
1843		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1844	}
1845	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1846		c->basew = size.min_width;
1847		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1848	}
1849	else
1850		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1851	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1852		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1853		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1854	}
1855	else
1856		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1857	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1858		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1859		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1860	}
1861	else
1862		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1863	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1864		c->minw = size.min_width;
1865		c->minh = size.min_height;
1866	}
1867	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1868		c->minw = size.base_width;
1869		c->minh = size.base_height;
1870	}
1871	else
1872		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1873	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1874		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
1875		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
1876	}
1877	else
1878		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1879	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1880	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1881}
1882
1883void
1884updatetitle(Client *c) {
1885	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1886		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1887	if(c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
1888		strcpy(c->name, broken);
1889}
1890
1891void
1892updatestatus(void) {
1893	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1894		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1895	drawbar(selmon);
1896}
1897
1898void
1899updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1900	XWMHints *wmh;
1901
1902	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1903		if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1904			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1905			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1906		}
1907		else
1908			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1909		XFree(wmh);
1910	}
1911}
1912
1913void
1914view(const Arg *arg) {
1915	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1916		return;
1917	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1918	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1919		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1920	arrange(selmon);
1921}
1922
1923Client *
1924wintoclient(Window w) {
1925	Client *c;
1926	Monitor *m;
1927
1928	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1929		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1930			if(c->win == w)
1931				return c;
1932	return NULL;
1933}
1934
1935Monitor *
1936wintomon(Window w) {
1937	int x, y;
1938	Client *c;
1939	Monitor *m;
1940
1941	if(w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
1942		return ptrtomon(x, y);
1943	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1944		if(w == m->barwin)
1945			return m;
1946	if((c = wintoclient(w)))
1947		return c->mon;
1948	return selmon;
1949}
1950
1951/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1952 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1953 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1954int
1955xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1956	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1957	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1958	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1959	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1960	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1961	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1962	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1963	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1964	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1965		return 0;
1966	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1967			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1968	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1969}
1970
1971int
1972xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1973	return 0;
1974}
1975
1976/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1977 * is already running. */
1978int
1979xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1980	otherwm = True;
1981	return -1;
1982}
1983
1984void
1985zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1986	Client *c = selmon->sel;
1987
1988	if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1989	|| selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle
1990	|| (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
1991		return;
1992	if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
1993		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1994			return;
1995	detach(c);
1996	attach(c);
1997	focus(c);
1998	arrange(c->mon);
1999}
2000
2001int
2002main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2003	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
2004		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
2005	else if(argc != 1)
2006		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
2007	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
2008		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
2009	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
2010		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
2011	checkotherwm();
2012	setup();
2013	scan();
2014	run();
2015	cleanup();
2016	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
2017	return 0;
2018}