1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21 * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22 * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23 *
  24 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25 *
  26 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27 */
  28#include <errno.h>
  29#include <locale.h>
  30#include <stdarg.h>
  31#include <stdio.h>
  32#include <stdlib.h>
  33#include <string.h>
  34#include <unistd.h>
  35#include <sys/select.h>
  36#include <sys/types.h>
  37#include <sys/wait.h>
  38#include <regex.h>
  39#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  40#include <X11/keysym.h>
  41#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  42#include <X11/Xlib.h>
  43#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  44#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  45
  46/* macros */
  47#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  48#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  49#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51/* enums */
  52enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };			/* bar position */
  53enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  54enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  55enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  56enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  57
  58/* typedefs */
  59typedef struct Client Client;
  60struct Client {
  61	char name[256];
  62	int x, y, w, h;
  63	int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  64	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  65	int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  66	long flags;
  67	unsigned int border, oldborder;
  68	Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  69	Bool *tags;
  70	Client *next;
  71	Client *prev;
  72	Client *snext;
  73	Window win;
  74};
  75
  76typedef struct {
  77	int x, y, w, h;
  78	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  79	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  80	Drawable drawable;
  81	GC gc;
  82	struct {
  83		int ascent;
  84		int descent;
  85		int height;
  86		XFontSet set;
  87		XFontStruct *xfont;
  88	} font;
  89} DC; /* draw context */
  90
  91typedef struct {
  92	unsigned long mod;
  93	KeySym keysym;
  94	void (*func)(const char *arg);
  95	const char *arg;
  96} Key;
  97
  98typedef struct {
  99	const char *symbol;
 100	void (*arrange)(void);
 101} Layout;
 102
 103typedef struct {
 104	const char *prop;
 105	const char *tags;
 106	Bool isfloating;
 107} Rule;
 108
 109typedef struct {
 110	regex_t *propregex;
 111	regex_t *tagregex;
 112} Regs;
 113
 114/* function declarations */
 115void applyrules(Client *c);
 116void arrange(void);
 117void attach(Client *c);
 118void attachstack(Client *c);
 119void ban(Client *c);
 120void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 121void checkotherwm(void);
 122void cleanup(void);
 123void compileregs(void);
 124void configure(Client *c);
 125void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 126void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 127void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 128void detach(Client *c);
 129void detachstack(Client *c);
 130void drawbar(void);
 131void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 134void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 135void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 136void expose(XEvent *e);
 137void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 138void focus(Client *c);
 139void focusnext(const char *arg);
 140void focusprev(const char *arg);
 141Client *getclient(Window w);
 142unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 143long getstate(Window w);
 144Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 148Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 149Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 150Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 151void keypress(XEvent *e);
 152void killclient(const char *arg);
 153void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 154void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 155void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 156void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 157void movemouse(Client *c);
 158Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 159void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 160void quit(const char *arg);
 161void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 162void resizemouse(Client *c);
 163void restack(void);
 164void run(void);
 165void scan(void);
 166void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 167void setlayout(const char *arg);
 168void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 169void setup(void);
 170void spawn(const char *arg);
 171void tag(const char *arg);
 172unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 173unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 174void tile(void);
 175void togglebar(const char *arg);
 176void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 177void togglemax(const char *arg);
 178void toggletag(const char *arg);
 179void toggleview(const char *arg);
 180void unban(Client *c);
 181void unmanage(Client *c);
 182void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 183void updatebarpos(void);
 184void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 185void updatetitle(Client *c);
 186void view(const char *arg);
 187void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 188int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191void zoom(const char *arg);
 192
 193/* variables */
 194char stext[256];
 195double mwfact;
 196int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 197int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 198unsigned int bh, bpos;
 199unsigned int blw = 0;
 200unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 201void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 202	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 203	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 204	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 205	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 206	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 207	[LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 208	[Expose] = expose,
 209	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 210	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 211	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 212	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 213	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 214};
 215Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 216Bool domwfact = True;
 217Bool dozoom = True;
 218Bool otherwm, readin;
 219Bool running = True;
 220Bool selscreen = True;
 221Client *clients = NULL;
 222Client *sel = NULL;
 223Client *stack = NULL;
 224Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 225Display *dpy;
 226DC dc = {0};
 227Layout *layout = NULL;
 228Window barwin, root;
 229Regs *regs = NULL;
 230
 231/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 232#include "config.h"
 233
 234/* function implementations */
 235void
 236applyrules(Client *c) {
 237	static char buf[512];
 238	unsigned int i, j;
 239	regmatch_t tmp;
 240	Bool matched = False;
 241	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 242
 243	/* rule matching */
 244	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 245	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 246			ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 247			ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 248	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
 249		if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 250			c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 251			for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
 252				if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 253					matched = True;
 254					c->tags[j] = True;
 255				}
 256			}
 257		}
 258	if(ch.res_class)
 259		XFree(ch.res_class);
 260	if(ch.res_name)
 261		XFree(ch.res_name);
 262	if(!matched)
 263		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 264}
 265
 266void
 267arrange(void) {
 268	Client *c;
 269
 270	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 271		if(isvisible(c))
 272			unban(c);
 273		else
 274			ban(c);
 275	layout->arrange();
 276	focus(NULL);
 277	restack();
 278}
 279
 280void
 281attach(Client *c) {
 282	if(clients)
 283		clients->prev = c;
 284	c->next = clients;
 285	clients = c;
 286}
 287
 288void
 289attachstack(Client *c) {
 290	c->snext = stack;
 291	stack = c;
 292}
 293
 294void
 295ban(Client *c) {
 296	if(c->isbanned)
 297		return;
 298	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 299	c->isbanned = True;
 300}
 301
 302void
 303buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 304	unsigned int i, x;
 305	Client *c;
 306	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 307
 308	if(barwin == ev->window) {
 309		x = 0;
 310		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 311			x += textw(tags[i]);
 312			if(ev->x < x) {
 313				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 314					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 315						tag(tags[i]);
 316					else
 317						view(tags[i]);
 318				}
 319				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 320					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 321						toggletag(tags[i]);
 322					else
 323						toggleview(tags[i]);
 324				}
 325				return;
 326			}
 327		}
 328		if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 329			setlayout(NULL);
 330	}
 331	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 332		focus(c);
 333		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 334			return;
 335		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 336			if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 337				restack();
 338			else
 339				togglefloating(NULL);
 340			movemouse(c);
 341		}
 342		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 343			if((floating != layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 344				togglefloating(NULL);
 345			else
 346				zoom(NULL);
 347		}
 348		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 349			if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 350				restack();
 351			else
 352				togglefloating(NULL);
 353			resizemouse(c);
 354		}
 355	}
 356}
 357
 358void
 359checkotherwm(void) {
 360	otherwm = False;
 361	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 362
 363	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 364	XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 365	XSync(dpy, False);
 366	if(otherwm)
 367		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 368	XSync(dpy, False);
 369	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 370	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 371	XSync(dpy, False);
 372}
 373
 374void
 375cleanup(void) {
 376	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 377	while(stack) {
 378		unban(stack);
 379		unmanage(stack);
 380	}
 381	if(dc.font.set)
 382		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 383	else
 384		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 385	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 386	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 387	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 388	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 389	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 390	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 391	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 392	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 393	XSync(dpy, False);
 394}
 395
 396void
 397compileregs(void) {
 398	unsigned int i;
 399	regex_t *reg;
 400
 401	if(regs)
 402		return;
 403	regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
 404	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 405		if(rules[i].prop) {
 406			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 407			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 408				free(reg);
 409			else
 410				regs[i].propregex = reg;
 411		}
 412		if(rules[i].tags) {
 413			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 414			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 415				free(reg);
 416			else
 417				regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 418		}
 419	}
 420}
 421
 422void
 423configure(Client *c) {
 424	XConfigureEvent ce;
 425
 426	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 427	ce.display = dpy;
 428	ce.event = c->win;
 429	ce.window = c->win;
 430	ce.x = c->x;
 431	ce.y = c->y;
 432	ce.width = c->w;
 433	ce.height = c->h;
 434	ce.border_width = c->border;
 435	ce.above = None;
 436	ce.override_redirect = False;
 437	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 438}
 439
 440void
 441configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 442	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 443
 444	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 445		sw = ev->width;
 446		sh = ev->height;
 447		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 448		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 449		XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 450		updatebarpos();
 451		arrange();
 452	}
 453}
 454
 455void
 456configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 457	Client *c;
 458	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 459	XWindowChanges wc;
 460
 461	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 462		c->ismax = False;
 463		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 464			c->border = ev->border_width;
 465		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange)) {
 466			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 467				c->x = ev->x;
 468			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 469				c->y = ev->y;
 470			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 471				c->w = ev->width;
 472			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 473				c->h = ev->height;
 474			if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 475				c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 476			if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 477				c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 478			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 479			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 480				configure(c);
 481			if(isvisible(c))
 482				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 483		}
 484		else
 485			configure(c);
 486	}
 487	else {
 488		wc.x = ev->x;
 489		wc.y = ev->y;
 490		wc.width = ev->width;
 491		wc.height = ev->height;
 492		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 493		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 494		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 495		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 496	}
 497	XSync(dpy, False);
 498}
 499
 500void
 501destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 502	Client *c;
 503	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 504
 505	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 506		unmanage(c);
 507}
 508
 509void
 510detach(Client *c) {
 511	if(c->prev)
 512		c->prev->next = c->next;
 513	if(c->next)
 514		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 515	if(c == clients)
 516		clients = c->next;
 517	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 518}
 519
 520void
 521detachstack(Client *c) {
 522	Client **tc;
 523
 524	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 525	*tc = c->snext;
 526}
 527
 528void
 529drawbar(void) {
 530	int i, x;
 531
 532	dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 533	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 534		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 535		if(seltags[i]) {
 536			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 537			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 538		}
 539		else {
 540			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 541			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 542		}
 543		dc.x += dc.w;
 544	}
 545	dc.w = blw;
 546	drawtext(layout->symbol, dc.norm);
 547	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 548	dc.w = textw(stext);
 549	dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 550	if(dc.x < x) {
 551		dc.x = x;
 552		dc.w = sw - x;
 553	}
 554	drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 555	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 556		dc.x = x;
 557		if(sel) {
 558			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 559			drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 560		}
 561		else
 562			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 563	}
 564	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 565	XSync(dpy, False);
 566}
 567
 568void
 569drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 570	int x;
 571	XGCValues gcv;
 572	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 573
 574	gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 575	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 576	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 577	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 578	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 579	if(filled) {
 580		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 581		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 582	}
 583	else if(empty) {
 584		r.width = r.height = x;
 585		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 586	}
 587}
 588
 589void
 590drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 591	int x, y, w, h;
 592	static char buf[256];
 593	unsigned int len, olen;
 594	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 595
 596	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 597	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 598	if(!text)
 599		return;
 600	w = 0;
 601	olen = len = strlen(text);
 602	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 603		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 604	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 605	buf[len] = 0;
 606	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 607	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 608	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 609	/* shorten text if necessary */
 610	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 611		buf[--len] = 0;
 612	if(len < olen) {
 613		if(len > 1)
 614			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 615		if(len > 2)
 616			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 617		if(len > 3)
 618			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 619	}
 620	if(w > dc.w)
 621		return; /* too long */
 622	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 623	if(dc.font.set)
 624		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 625	else
 626		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 627}
 628
 629void *
 630emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 631	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 632
 633	if(!res)
 634		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 635	return res;
 636}
 637
 638void
 639enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 640	Client *c;
 641	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 642
 643	if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 644		return;
 645	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 646		focus(c);
 647	else if(ev->window == root) {
 648		selscreen = True;
 649		focus(NULL);
 650	}
 651}
 652
 653void
 654eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 655	va_list ap;
 656
 657	va_start(ap, errstr);
 658	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 659	va_end(ap);
 660	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 661}
 662
 663void
 664expose(XEvent *e) {
 665	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 666
 667	if(0 == ev->count) {
 668		if(barwin == ev->window)
 669			drawbar();
 670	}
 671}
 672
 673void
 674floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 675	Client *c;
 676
 677	domwfact = dozoom = False;
 678	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 679		if(isvisible(c))
 680			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 681}
 682
 683void
 684focus(Client *c) {
 685	if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 686		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 687	if(sel && sel != c) {
 688		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 689		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 690	}
 691	if(c) {
 692		detachstack(c);
 693		attachstack(c);
 694		grabbuttons(c, True);
 695	}
 696	sel = c;
 697	drawbar();
 698	if(!selscreen)
 699		return;
 700	if(c) {
 701		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 702		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 703	}
 704	else
 705		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 706}
 707
 708void
 709focusnext(const char *arg) {
 710	Client *c;
 711
 712	if(!sel)
 713		return;
 714	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 715	if(!c)
 716		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 717	if(c) {
 718		focus(c);
 719		restack();
 720	}
 721}
 722
 723void
 724focusprev(const char *arg) {
 725	Client *c;
 726
 727	if(!sel)
 728		return;
 729	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 730	if(!c) {
 731		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 732		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 733	}
 734	if(c) {
 735		focus(c);
 736		restack();
 737	}
 738}
 739
 740Client *
 741getclient(Window w) {
 742	Client *c;
 743
 744	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 745	return c;
 746}
 747
 748unsigned long
 749getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 750	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 751	XColor color;
 752
 753	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 754		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 755	return color.pixel;
 756}
 757
 758long
 759getstate(Window w) {
 760	int format, status;
 761	long result = -1;
 762	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 763	unsigned long n, extra;
 764	Atom real;
 765
 766	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 767			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 768	if(status != Success)
 769		return -1;
 770	if(n != 0)
 771		result = *p;
 772	XFree(p);
 773	return result;
 774}
 775
 776Bool
 777gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 778	char **list = NULL;
 779	int n;
 780	XTextProperty name;
 781
 782	if(!text || 0 == size)
 783		return False;
 784	text[0] = '\0';
 785	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 786	if(!name.nitems)
 787		return False;
 788	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 789		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 790	else {
 791		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 792		&& n > 0 && *list)
 793		{
 794			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 795			XFreeStringList(list);
 796		}
 797	}
 798	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 799	XFree(name.value);
 800	return True;
 801}
 802
 803void
 804grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 805	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 806
 807	if(focused) {
 808		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 809				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 810		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816
 817		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 822				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 823		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825
 826		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 831				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 832		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834	}
 835	else
 836		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838}
 839
 840unsigned int
 841idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 842	unsigned int i;
 843
 844	for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
 845	return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 846}
 847
 848void
 849initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 850	char *def, **missing;
 851	int i, n;
 852
 853	missing = NULL;
 854	if(dc.font.set)
 855		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 856	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 857	if(missing) {
 858		while(n--)
 859			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 860		XFreeStringList(missing);
 861	}
 862	if(dc.font.set) {
 863		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 864		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 865		char **font_names;
 866		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 867		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 868		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 869		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 870			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 871				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 872			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 873				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 874			xfonts++;
 875		}
 876	}
 877	else {
 878		if(dc.font.xfont)
 879			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 880		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 881		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 882		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 883			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 884		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 885		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 886	}
 887	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 888}
 889
 890Bool
 891isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 892	Client *c;
 893
 894	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 895		if(c->tags[t])
 896			return True;
 897	return False;
 898}
 899
 900Bool
 901isprotodel(Client *c) {
 902	int i, n;
 903	Atom *protocols;
 904	Bool ret = False;
 905
 906	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 907		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 908			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 909				ret = True;
 910		XFree(protocols);
 911	}
 912	return ret;
 913}
 914
 915Bool
 916isvisible(Client *c) {
 917	unsigned int i;
 918
 919	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 920		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 921			return True;
 922	return False;
 923}
 924
 925void
 926keypress(XEvent *e) {
 927	KEYS
 928	unsigned int i;
 929	KeyCode code;
 930	KeySym keysym;
 931	XKeyEvent *ev;
 932
 933	if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 934		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 935		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 936			code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 937			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 938					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 939			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 940					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 941			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 942					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 943			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 944					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 945		}
 946		return;
 947	}
 948	ev = &e->xkey;
 949	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 950	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 951		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 952		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 953		{
 954			if(keys[i].func)
 955				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 956		}
 957}
 958
 959void
 960killclient(const char *arg) {
 961	XEvent ev;
 962
 963	if(!sel)
 964		return;
 965	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 966		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 967		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 968		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 969		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 970		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 971		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 972		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 973	}
 974	else
 975		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 976}
 977
 978void
 979leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 980	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 981
 982	if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 983		selscreen = False;
 984		focus(NULL);
 985	}
 986}
 987
 988void
 989manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 990	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 991	Window trans;
 992	Status rettrans;
 993	XWindowChanges wc;
 994
 995	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 996	c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
 997	c->win = w;
 998	c->x = wa->x;
 999	c->y = wa->y;
1000	c->w = wa->width;
1001	c->h = wa->height;
1002	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1003	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1004		c->x = sx;
1005		c->y = sy;
1006		c->border = wa->border_width;
1007	}
1008	else {
1009		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1010			c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1011		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1012			c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1013		if(c->x < wax)
1014			c->x = wax;
1015		if(c->y < way)
1016			c->y = way;
1017		c->border = BORDERPX;
1018	}
1019	wc.border_width = c->border;
1020	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1021	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1022	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1023	updatesizehints(c);
1024	XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1025		StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1026	grabbuttons(c, False);
1027	updatetitle(c);
1028	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1029		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1030	if(t)
1031		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1032	applyrules(c);
1033	if(!c->isfloating)
1034		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1035	attach(c);
1036	attachstack(c);
1037	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1038	ban(c);
1039	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1040	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1041	arrange();
1042}
1043
1044void
1045mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1046	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1047
1048	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1049	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1050		keypress(NULL);
1051}
1052
1053void
1054maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1055	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1056	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1057
1058	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1059		return;
1060	if(wa.override_redirect)
1061		return;
1062	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1063		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1064}
1065
1066void
1067movemouse(Client *c) {
1068	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1069	unsigned int dui;
1070	Window dummy;
1071	XEvent ev;
1072
1073	ocx = nx = c->x;
1074	ocy = ny = c->y;
1075	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1076			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1077		return;
1078	c->ismax = False;
1079	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1080	for(;;) {
1081		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1082		switch (ev.type) {
1083		case ButtonRelease:
1084			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1085			return;
1086		case ConfigureRequest:
1087		case Expose:
1088		case MapRequest:
1089			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1090			break;
1091		case MotionNotify:
1092			XSync(dpy, False);
1093			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1094			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1095			if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1096				nx = wax;
1097			else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1098				nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1099			if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1100				ny = way;
1101			else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1102				ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1103			resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1104			break;
1105		}
1106	}
1107}
1108
1109Client *
1110nexttiled(Client *c) {
1111	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1112	return c;
1113}
1114
1115void
1116propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1117	Client *c;
1118	Window trans;
1119	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1120
1121	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1122		return; /* ignore */
1123	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1124		switch (ev->atom) {
1125			default: break;
1126			case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1127				XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1128				if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (NULL != getclient(trans))))
1129					arrange();
1130				break;
1131			case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1132				updatesizehints(c);
1133				break;
1134		}
1135		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1136			updatetitle(c);
1137			if(c == sel)
1138				drawbar();
1139		}
1140	}
1141}
1142
1143void
1144quit(const char *arg) {
1145	readin = running = False;
1146}
1147
1148
1149void
1150resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1151	XWindowChanges wc;
1152
1153	if(sizehints) {
1154		/* set minimum possible */
1155		if (w < 1)
1156			w = 1;
1157		if (h < 1)
1158			h = 1;
1159
1160		/* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1161		w -= c->basew;
1162		h -= c->baseh;
1163
1164		/* adjust for aspect limits */
1165		if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1166			if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1167				w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1168			else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1169				h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1170		}
1171
1172		/* adjust for increment value */
1173		if(c->incw)
1174			w -= w % c->incw;
1175		if(c->inch)
1176			h -= h % c->inch;
1177
1178		/* restore base dimensions */
1179		w += c->basew;
1180		h += c->baseh;
1181
1182		if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1183			w = c->minw;
1184		if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1185			h = c->minh;
1186		if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1187			w = c->maxw;
1188		if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1189			h = c->maxh;
1190	}
1191	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1192		return;
1193	/* offscreen appearance fixes */
1194	if(x > sw)
1195		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1196	if(y > sh)
1197		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1198	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1199		x = sx;
1200	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1201		y = sy;
1202	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1203		c->x = wc.x = x;
1204		c->y = wc.y = y;
1205		c->w = wc.width = w;
1206		c->h = wc.height = h;
1207		wc.border_width = c->border;
1208		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1209		configure(c);
1210		XSync(dpy, False);
1211	}
1212}
1213
1214void
1215resizemouse(Client *c) {
1216	int ocx, ocy;
1217	int nw, nh;
1218	XEvent ev;
1219
1220	ocx = c->x;
1221	ocy = c->y;
1222	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1223			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1224		return;
1225	c->ismax = False;
1226	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1227	for(;;) {
1228		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1229		switch(ev.type) {
1230		case ButtonRelease:
1231			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1232					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1233			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1234			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1235			return;
1236		case ConfigureRequest:
1237		case Expose:
1238		case MapRequest:
1239			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1240			break;
1241		case MotionNotify:
1242			XSync(dpy, False);
1243			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1244				nw = 1;
1245			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1246				nh = 1;
1247			resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1248			break;
1249		}
1250	}
1251}
1252
1253void
1254restack(void) {
1255	Client *c;
1256	XEvent ev;
1257	XWindowChanges wc;
1258
1259	drawbar();
1260	if(!sel)
1261		return;
1262	if(sel->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange))
1263		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1264	if(floating != layout->arrange) {
1265		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1266		wc.sibling = barwin;
1267		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1268			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1269			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1270		}
1271		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1272			if(c == sel)
1273				continue;
1274			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1275			wc.sibling = c->win;
1276		}
1277	}
1278	XSync(dpy, False);
1279	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1280}
1281
1282void
1283run(void) {
1284	char *p;
1285	fd_set rd;
1286	int r, xfd;
1287	unsigned int len, offset;
1288	XEvent ev;
1289
1290	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1291	XSync(dpy, False);
1292	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1293	readin = True;
1294	offset = 0;
1295	len = sizeof stext - 1;
1296	stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1297	while(running) {
1298		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1299		if(readin)
1300			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1301		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1302		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1303			if(errno == EINTR)
1304				continue;
1305			eprint("select failed\n");
1306		}
1307		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1308			switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext + offset, len - offset))) {
1309			case -1:
1310				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1311				readin = False;
1312				break;
1313			case 0:
1314				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1315				readin = False;
1316				break;
1317			default:
1318				stext[offset + r] = '\0';
1319				for(p = stext; *p && *p != '\n'; p++);
1320				if(*p == '\n') {
1321					*p = '\0';
1322					offset = 0;
1323				}
1324				else if(offset + r < len - 1)
1325					offset += r;
1326				else
1327					offset = 0;
1328			}
1329			drawbar();
1330		}
1331		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1332			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1333			if(handler[ev.type])
1334				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1335		}
1336	}
1337}
1338
1339void
1340scan(void) {
1341	unsigned int i, num;
1342	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1343	XWindowAttributes wa;
1344
1345	wins = NULL;
1346	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1347		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1348			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1349			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1350				continue;
1351			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1352				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1353		}
1354		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1355			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1356				continue;
1357			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1358			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1359				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1360		}
1361	}
1362	if(wins)
1363		XFree(wins);
1364}
1365
1366void
1367setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1368	long data[] = {state, None};
1369
1370	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1371			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1372}
1373
1374void
1375setlayout(const char *arg) {
1376	unsigned int i;
1377
1378	if(!arg) {
1379		if(++layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1380			layout = &layouts[0];
1381	}
1382	else {
1383		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1384			if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1385				break;
1386		if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1387			return;
1388		layout = &layouts[i];
1389	}
1390	if(sel)
1391		arrange();
1392	else
1393		drawbar();
1394}
1395
1396void
1397setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1398	double delta;
1399
1400	if(!domwfact)
1401		return;
1402	/* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1403	if(NULL == arg)
1404		mwfact = MWFACT;
1405	else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1406		if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1407			mwfact += delta;
1408		else
1409			mwfact = delta;
1410		if(mwfact < 0.1)
1411			mwfact = 0.1;
1412		else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1413			mwfact = 0.9;
1414	}
1415	arrange();
1416}
1417
1418void
1419setup(void) {
1420	int d;
1421	unsigned int i, j, mask;
1422	Window w;
1423	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1424	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1425
1426	/* init atoms */
1427	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1428	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1429	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1430	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1431	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1432	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1433	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1434			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1435
1436	/* init cursors */
1437	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1438	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1439	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1440
1441	/* init geometry */
1442	sx = sy = 0;
1443	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1444	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1445
1446	/* init modifier map */
1447	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1448	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1449		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1450			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1451			== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1452				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1453		}
1454	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1455
1456	/* select for events */
1457	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1458		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1459	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1460	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1461	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1462
1463	/* grab keys */
1464	keypress(NULL);
1465
1466	/* init tags */
1467	compileregs();
1468
1469	/* init appearance */
1470	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1471	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1472	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1473	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1474	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1475	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1476	initfont(FONT);
1477	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1478
1479	/* init layouts */
1480	mwfact = MWFACT;
1481	layout = &layouts[0];
1482	for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1483		j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1484		if(j > blw)
1485			blw = j;
1486	}
1487
1488	/* init bar */
1489	bpos = BARPOS;
1490	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1491	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1492	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1493	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1494			DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1495			CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1496	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1497	updatebarpos();
1498	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1499	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1500	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1501	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1502	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1503	if(!dc.font.set)
1504		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1505
1506	/* multihead support */
1507	selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1508}
1509
1510void
1511spawn(const char *arg) {
1512	static char *shell = NULL;
1513
1514	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1515		shell = "/bin/sh";
1516	if(!arg)
1517		return;
1518	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1519	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1520	if(0 == fork()) {
1521		if(0 == fork()) {
1522			if(dpy)
1523				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1524			setsid();
1525			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1526			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1527			perror(" failed");
1528		}
1529		exit(0);
1530	}
1531	wait(0);
1532}
1533
1534void
1535tag(const char *arg) {
1536	unsigned int i;
1537
1538	if(!sel)
1539		return;
1540	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1541		sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1542	sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1543	arrange();
1544}
1545
1546unsigned int
1547textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1548	XRectangle r;
1549
1550	if(dc.font.set) {
1551		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1552		return r.width;
1553	}
1554	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1555}
1556
1557unsigned int
1558textw(const char *text) {
1559	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1560}
1561
1562void
1563tile(void) {
1564	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1565	Client *c, *mc;
1566
1567	domwfact = dozoom = True;
1568	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1569		n++;
1570
1571	/* window geoms */
1572	mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1573	th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1574	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1575		th = wah;
1576
1577	nx = wax;
1578	ny = way;
1579	nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1580	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1581		c->ismax = False;
1582		if(0 == i) { /* master */
1583			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1584			nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1585		}
1586		else {  /* tile window */
1587			if(i == 1) {
1588				ny = way;
1589				nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1590				nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1591			}
1592			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1593				nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1594			else
1595				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1596		}
1597		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1598		if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1599			/* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1600			resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1601		if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1602			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1603	}
1604}
1605
1606void
1607togglebar(const char *arg) {
1608	if(bpos == BarOff)
1609		bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1610	else
1611		bpos = BarOff;
1612	updatebarpos();
1613	arrange();
1614}
1615
1616void
1617togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1618	if(!sel)
1619		return;
1620	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1621	if(sel->isfloating)
1622		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1623	arrange();
1624}
1625
1626void
1627togglemax(const char *arg) {
1628	XEvent ev;
1629
1630	if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1631		return;
1632	if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1633		if((floating == layout->arrange) || sel->isfloating)
1634			sel->wasfloating = True;
1635		else {
1636			togglefloating(NULL);
1637			sel->wasfloating = False;
1638		}
1639		sel->rx = sel->x;
1640		sel->ry = sel->y;
1641		sel->rw = sel->w;
1642		sel->rh = sel->h;
1643		resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1644	}
1645	else {
1646		resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1647		if(!sel->wasfloating)
1648			togglefloating(NULL);
1649	}
1650	drawbar();
1651	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1652}
1653
1654void
1655toggletag(const char *arg) {
1656	unsigned int i, j;
1657
1658	if(!sel)
1659		return;
1660	i = idxoftag(arg);
1661	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1662	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1663	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1664		sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1665	arrange();
1666}
1667
1668void
1669toggleview(const char *arg) {
1670	unsigned int i, j;
1671
1672	i = idxoftag(arg);
1673	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1674	for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1675	if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1676		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1677	arrange();
1678}
1679
1680void
1681unban(Client *c) {
1682	if(!c->isbanned)
1683		return;
1684	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1685	c->isbanned = False;
1686}
1687
1688void
1689unmanage(Client *c) {
1690	XWindowChanges wc;
1691
1692	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1693	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1694	XGrabServer(dpy);
1695	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1696	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1697	detach(c);
1698	detachstack(c);
1699	if(sel == c)
1700		focus(NULL);
1701	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1702	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1703	free(c->tags);
1704	free(c);
1705	XSync(dpy, False);
1706	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1707	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1708	arrange();
1709}
1710
1711void
1712unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1713	Client *c;
1714	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1715
1716	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1717		unmanage(c);
1718}
1719
1720void
1721updatebarpos(void) {
1722	XEvent ev;
1723
1724	wax = sx;
1725	way = sy;
1726	wah = sh;
1727	waw = sw;
1728	switch(bpos) {
1729	default:
1730		wah -= bh;
1731		way += bh;
1732		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1733		break;
1734	case BarBot:
1735		wah -= bh;
1736		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1737		break;
1738	case BarOff:
1739		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1740		break;
1741	}
1742	XSync(dpy, False);
1743	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1744}
1745
1746void
1747updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1748	long msize;
1749	XSizeHints size;
1750
1751	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1752		size.flags = PSize;
1753	c->flags = size.flags;
1754	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1755		c->basew = size.base_width;
1756		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1757	}
1758	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1759		c->basew = size.min_width;
1760		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1761	}
1762	else
1763		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1764	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1765		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1766		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1767	}
1768	else
1769		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1770	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1771		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1772		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1773	}
1774	else
1775		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1776	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1777		c->minw = size.min_width;
1778		c->minh = size.min_height;
1779	}
1780	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1781		c->minw = size.base_width;
1782		c->minh = size.base_height;
1783	}
1784	else
1785		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1786	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1787		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1788		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1789		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1790		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1791	}
1792	else
1793		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1794	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1795			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1796}
1797
1798void
1799updatetitle(Client *c) {
1800	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1801		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1802}
1803
1804/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1805 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1806 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1807int
1808xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1809	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1810	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1811	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1812	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1813	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1814	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1815	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1816	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1817		return 0;
1818	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1819		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1820	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1821}
1822
1823int
1824xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1825	return 0;
1826}
1827
1828/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1829 * is already running. */
1830int
1831xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1832	otherwm = True;
1833	return -1;
1834}
1835
1836void
1837view(const char *arg) {
1838	unsigned int i;
1839
1840	memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1841	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1842		seltags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1843	seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1844	arrange();
1845}
1846
1847void
1848viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1849	static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1850
1851	memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1852	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1853	memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1854	arrange();
1855}
1856
1857void
1858zoom(const char *arg) {
1859	Client *c;
1860
1861	if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1862		return;
1863	if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1864		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1865			return;
1866	detach(c);
1867	attach(c);
1868	focus(c);
1869	arrange();
1870}
1871
1872int
1873main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1874	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1875		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1876	else if(argc != 1)
1877		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1878
1879	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1880	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1881		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1882	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1883	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1884
1885	checkotherwm();
1886	setup();
1887	drawbar();
1888	scan();
1889	run();
1890	cleanup();
1891
1892	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1893	return 0;
1894}