1/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2 *
   3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6 * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8 *
   9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15 *
  16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17 * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21 * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22 * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23 *
  24 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25 *
  26 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27 */
  28#include "dwm.h"
  29
  30#include <errno.h>
  31#include <locale.h>
  32#include <stdarg.h>
  33#include <stdio.h>
  34#include <stdlib.h>
  35#include <string.h>
  36#include <unistd.h>
  37#include <sys/select.h>
  38#include <sys/types.h>
  39#include <sys/wait.h>
  40#include <regex.h>
  41#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  42#include <X11/keysym.h>
  43#include <X11/Xatom.h>
  44#include <X11/Xproto.h>
  45#include <X11/Xutil.h>
  46
  47/* macros */
  48#define BUTTONMASK		(ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  49#define CLEANMASK(mask)		(mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  50#define MOUSEMASK		(BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  51
  52/* enums */
  53enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };			/* bar position */
  54enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };	/* cursor */
  55enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };		/* color */
  56enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };		/* EWMH atoms */
  57enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59typedef struct {
  60	int x, y, w, h;
  61	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  62	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  63	Drawable drawable;
  64	GC gc;
  65	struct {
  66		int ascent;
  67		int descent;
  68		int height;
  69		XFontSet set;
  70		XFontStruct *xfont;
  71	} font;
  72} DC; /* draw context */
  73
  74typedef struct {
  75	unsigned long mod;
  76	KeySym keysym;
  77	void (*func)(const char *arg);
  78	const char *arg;
  79} Key;
  80
  81typedef struct {
  82	const char *symbol;
  83	void (*arrange)(void);
  84} Layout;
  85
  86typedef struct {
  87	const char *prop;
  88	const char *tags;
  89	Bool isfloating;
  90} Rule;
  91
  92typedef struct {
  93	regex_t *propregex;
  94	regex_t *tagregex;
  95} Regs;
  96
  97/* forward declarations */
  98void applyrules(Client *c);
  99void arrange(void);
 100void attach(Client *c);
 101void attachstack(Client *c);
 102void ban(Client *c);
 103void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 104void checkotherwm(void);
 105void cleanup(void);
 106void compileregs(void);
 107void configure(Client *c);
 108void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 109void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 110void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 111void detach(Client *c);
 112void detachstack(Client *c);
 113void drawbar(void);
 114void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 115void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 116void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 117void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 118void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 119void expose(XEvent *e);
 120void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 121void focus(Client *c);
 122void focusnext(const char *arg);
 123void focusprev(const char *arg);
 124Client *getclient(Window w);
 125unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 126long getstate(Window w);
 127Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 128void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 129unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 130void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 131Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 132Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 133Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 134Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 135void keypress(XEvent *e);
 136void killclient(const char *arg);
 137void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 138void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 139void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 140void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 141void movemouse(Client *c);
 142Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 143void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 144void quit(const char *arg);
 145void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 146void resizemouse(Client *c);
 147void restack(void);
 148void run(void);
 149void scan(void);
 150void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 151void setlayout(const char *arg);
 152void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 153void setup(void);
 154void spawn(const char *arg);
 155void tag(const char *arg);
 156unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 157unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 158void tile(void);
 159void togglebar(const char *arg);
 160void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 161void togglemax(const char *arg);
 162void toggletag(const char *arg);
 163void toggleview(const char *arg);
 164void unban(Client *c);
 165void unmanage(Client *c);
 166void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 167void updatebarpos(void);
 168void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 169void updatetitle(Client *c);
 170void view(const char *arg);
 171void viewprevtag(const char *arg);	/* views previous selected tags */
 172int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 173int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 174int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 175void zoom(const char *arg);
 176
 177/* variables */
 178char stext[256];
 179double mwfact;
 180int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 181int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 182unsigned int bh, bpos;
 183unsigned int blw = 0;
 184unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 185unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 186unsigned int nrules = 0;
 187unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 188void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 189	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 190	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 191	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 192	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 193	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 194	[LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 195	[Expose] = expose,
 196	[KeyPress] = keypress,
 197	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 198	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
 199	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 200	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 201};
 202Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 203Bool otherwm, readin;
 204Bool running = True;
 205Bool selscreen = True;
 206Client *clients = NULL;
 207Client *sel = NULL;
 208Client *stack = NULL;
 209Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 210Display *dpy;
 211DC dc = {0};
 212Window barwin, root;
 213Regs *regs = NULL;
 214
 215/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 216#include "config.h"
 217
 218/* Statically define the number of tags. */
 219unsigned int ntags = sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0];
 220Bool seltags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]] = {[0] = True};
 221Bool prevtags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]] = {[0] = True};
 222
 223/* functions*/
 224void
 225applyrules(Client *c) {
 226	static char buf[512];
 227	unsigned int i, j;
 228	regmatch_t tmp;
 229	Bool matched = False;
 230	XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 231
 232	/* rule matching */
 233	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 234	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 235			ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 236			ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 237	for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 238		if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 239			c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 240			for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 241				if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 242					matched = True;
 243					c->tags[j] = True;
 244				}
 245			}
 246		}
 247	if(ch.res_class)
 248		XFree(ch.res_class);
 249	if(ch.res_name)
 250		XFree(ch.res_name);
 251	if(!matched)
 252		memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 253}
 254
 255void
 256arrange(void) {
 257	Client *c;
 258
 259	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 260		if(isvisible(c))
 261			unban(c);
 262		else
 263			ban(c);
 264	layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 265	focus(NULL);
 266	restack();
 267}
 268
 269void
 270attach(Client *c) {
 271	if(clients)
 272		clients->prev = c;
 273	c->next = clients;
 274	clients = c;
 275}
 276
 277void
 278attachstack(Client *c) {
 279	c->snext = stack;
 280	stack = c;
 281}
 282
 283void
 284ban(Client *c) {
 285	if(c->isbanned)
 286		return;
 287	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 288	c->isbanned = True;
 289}
 290
 291void
 292buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 293	unsigned int i, x;
 294	Client *c;
 295	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 296
 297	if(barwin == ev->window) {
 298		x = 0;
 299		for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 300			x += textw(tags[i]);
 301			if(ev->x < x) {
 302				if(ev->button == Button1) {
 303					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 304						tag(tags[i]);
 305					else
 306						view(tags[i]);
 307				}
 308				else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 309					if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 310						toggletag(tags[i]);
 311					else
 312						toggleview(tags[i]);
 313				}
 314				return;
 315			}
 316		}
 317		if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 318			setlayout(NULL);
 319	}
 320	else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 321		focus(c);
 322		if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 323			return;
 324		if(ev->button == Button1) {
 325			if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 326				restack();
 327			else
 328				togglefloating(NULL);
 329			movemouse(c);
 330		}
 331		else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 332			if(ISTILE && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
 333				togglefloating(NULL);
 334			else
 335				zoom(NULL);
 336		}
 337		else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 338			if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 339				restack();
 340			else
 341				togglefloating(NULL);
 342			resizemouse(c);
 343		}
 344	}
 345}
 346
 347void
 348checkotherwm(void) {
 349	otherwm = False;
 350	XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 351
 352	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 353	XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 354	XSync(dpy, False);
 355	if(otherwm)
 356		eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 357	XSync(dpy, False);
 358	XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 359	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 360	XSync(dpy, False);
 361}
 362
 363void
 364cleanup(void) {
 365	close(STDIN_FILENO);
 366	while(stack) {
 367		unban(stack);
 368		unmanage(stack);
 369	}
 370	if(dc.font.set)
 371		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 372	else
 373		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 374	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 375	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 376	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 377	XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 378	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 379	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 380	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 381	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 382	XSync(dpy, False);
 383}
 384
 385void
 386compileregs(void) {
 387	unsigned int i;
 388	regex_t *reg;
 389
 390	if(regs)
 391		return;
 392	nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 393	regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 394	for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 395		if(rules[i].prop) {
 396			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 397			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 398				free(reg);
 399			else
 400				regs[i].propregex = reg;
 401		}
 402		if(rules[i].tags) {
 403			reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 404			if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 405				free(reg);
 406			else
 407				regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 408		}
 409	}
 410}
 411
 412void
 413configure(Client *c) {
 414	XConfigureEvent ce;
 415
 416	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 417	ce.display = dpy;
 418	ce.event = c->win;
 419	ce.window = c->win;
 420	ce.x = c->x;
 421	ce.y = c->y;
 422	ce.width = c->w;
 423	ce.height = c->h;
 424	ce.border_width = c->border;
 425	ce.above = None;
 426	ce.override_redirect = False;
 427	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 428}
 429
 430void
 431configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 432	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 433
 434	if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 435		sw = ev->width;
 436		sh = ev->height;
 437		XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 438		dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 439		XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 440		updatebarpos();
 441		arrange();
 442	}
 443}
 444
 445void
 446configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 447	Client *c;
 448	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 449	XWindowChanges wc;
 450
 451	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 452		c->ismax = False;
 453		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 454			c->border = ev->border_width;
 455		if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 456			if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 457				c->x = ev->x;
 458			if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 459				c->y = ev->y;
 460			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 461				c->w = ev->width;
 462			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 463				c->h = ev->height;
 464			if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 465				c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 466			if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 467				c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 468			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 469			&& !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 470				configure(c);
 471			if(isvisible(c))
 472				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 473		}
 474		else
 475			configure(c);
 476	}
 477	else {
 478		wc.x = ev->x;
 479		wc.y = ev->y;
 480		wc.width = ev->width;
 481		wc.height = ev->height;
 482		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 483		wc.sibling = ev->above;
 484		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 485		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 486	}
 487	XSync(dpy, False);
 488}
 489
 490void
 491destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 492	Client *c;
 493	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 494
 495	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 496		unmanage(c);
 497}
 498
 499void
 500detach(Client *c) {
 501	if(c->prev)
 502		c->prev->next = c->next;
 503	if(c->next)
 504		c->next->prev = c->prev;
 505	if(c == clients)
 506		clients = c->next;
 507	c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 508}
 509
 510void
 511detachstack(Client *c) {
 512	Client **tc;
 513
 514	for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 515	*tc = c->snext;
 516}
 517
 518void
 519drawbar(void) {
 520	int i, x;
 521
 522	dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 523	for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 524		dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 525		if(seltags[i]) {
 526			drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 527			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 528		}
 529		else {
 530			drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 531			drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 532		}
 533		dc.x += dc.w;
 534	}
 535	dc.w = blw;
 536	drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 537	x = dc.x + dc.w;
 538	dc.w = textw(stext);
 539	dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 540	if(dc.x < x) {
 541		dc.x = x;
 542		dc.w = sw - x;
 543	}
 544	drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 545	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 546		dc.x = x;
 547		if(sel) {
 548			drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 549			drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 550		}
 551		else
 552			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 553	}
 554	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 555	XSync(dpy, False);
 556}
 557
 558void
 559drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 560	int x;
 561	XGCValues gcv;
 562	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 563
 564	gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 565	XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 566	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 567	r.x = dc.x + 1;
 568	r.y = dc.y + 1;
 569	if(filled) {
 570		r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 571		XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 572	}
 573	else if(empty) {
 574		r.width = r.height = x;
 575		XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 576	}
 577}
 578
 579void
 580drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 581	int x, y, w, h;
 582	static char buf[256];
 583	unsigned int len, olen;
 584	XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 585
 586	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 587	XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 588	if(!text)
 589		return;
 590	w = 0;
 591	olen = len = strlen(text);
 592	if(len >= sizeof buf)
 593		len = sizeof buf - 1;
 594	memcpy(buf, text, len);
 595	buf[len] = 0;
 596	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 597	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 598	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 599	/* shorten text if necessary */
 600	while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 601		buf[--len] = 0;
 602	if(len < olen) {
 603		if(len > 1)
 604			buf[len - 1] = '.';
 605		if(len > 2)
 606			buf[len - 2] = '.';
 607		if(len > 3)
 608			buf[len - 3] = '.';
 609	}
 610	if(w > dc.w)
 611		return; /* too long */
 612	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 613	if(dc.font.set)
 614		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 615	else
 616		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 617}
 618
 619void *
 620emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 621	void *res = calloc(1, size);
 622
 623	if(!res)
 624		eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 625	return res;
 626}
 627
 628void
 629enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 630	Client *c;
 631	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 632
 633	if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 634		return;
 635	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 636		focus(c);
 637	else if(ev->window == root) {
 638		selscreen = True;
 639		focus(NULL);
 640	}
 641}
 642
 643void
 644eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 645	va_list ap;
 646
 647	va_start(ap, errstr);
 648	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 649	va_end(ap);
 650	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 651}
 652
 653void
 654expose(XEvent *e) {
 655	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 656
 657	if(ev->count == 0) {
 658		if(barwin == ev->window)
 659			drawbar();
 660	}
 661}
 662
 663void
 664floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 665	Client *c;
 666
 667	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 668		if(isvisible(c))
 669			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 670}
 671
 672void
 673focus(Client *c) {
 674	if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 675		for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 676	if(sel && sel != c) {
 677		grabbuttons(sel, False);
 678		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 679	}
 680	if(c) {
 681		detachstack(c);
 682		attachstack(c);
 683		grabbuttons(c, True);
 684	}
 685	sel = c;
 686	drawbar();
 687	if(!selscreen)
 688		return;
 689	if(c) {
 690		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 691		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 692	}
 693	else
 694		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 695}
 696
 697void
 698focusnext(const char *arg) {
 699	Client *c;
 700
 701	if(!sel)
 702		return;
 703	for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 704	if(!c)
 705		for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 706	if(c) {
 707		focus(c);
 708		restack();
 709	}
 710}
 711
 712void
 713focusprev(const char *arg) {
 714	Client *c;
 715
 716	if(!sel)
 717		return;
 718	for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 719	if(!c) {
 720		for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 721		for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 722	}
 723	if(c) {
 724		focus(c);
 725		restack();
 726	}
 727}
 728
 729Client *
 730getclient(Window w) {
 731	Client *c;
 732
 733	for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 734	return c;
 735}
 736
 737unsigned long
 738getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 739	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 740	XColor color;
 741
 742	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 743		eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 744	return color.pixel;
 745}
 746
 747long
 748getstate(Window w) {
 749	int format, status;
 750	long result = -1;
 751	unsigned char *p = NULL;
 752	unsigned long n, extra;
 753	Atom real;
 754
 755	status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 756			&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 757	if(status != Success)
 758		return -1;
 759	if(n != 0)
 760		result = *p;
 761	XFree(p);
 762	return result;
 763}
 764
 765Bool
 766gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 767	char **list = NULL;
 768	int n;
 769	XTextProperty name;
 770
 771	if(!text || size == 0)
 772		return False;
 773	text[0] = '\0';
 774	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 775	if(!name.nitems)
 776		return False;
 777	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 778		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 779	else {
 780		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 781		&& n > 0 && *list)
 782		{
 783			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 784			XFreeStringList(list);
 785		}
 786	}
 787	text[size - 1] = '\0';
 788	XFree(name.value);
 789	return True;
 790}
 791
 792void
 793grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 794	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 795
 796	if(focused) {
 797		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 798				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 799		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 800				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 801		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 802				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 803		XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 804				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 805
 806		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 807				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 808		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 809				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 810		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812		XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814
 815		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 816				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 817		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821		XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 822				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 823	}
 824	else
 825		XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826				GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827}
 828
 829unsigned int
 830idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 831	unsigned int i;
 832
 833	for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 834		if(tags[i] == tag)
 835			return i;
 836	return 0;
 837}
 838
 839void
 840initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 841	char *def, **missing;
 842	int i, n;
 843
 844	missing = NULL;
 845	if(dc.font.set)
 846		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 847	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 848	if(missing) {
 849		while(n--)
 850			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 851		XFreeStringList(missing);
 852	}
 853	if(dc.font.set) {
 854		XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 855		XFontStruct **xfonts;
 856		char **font_names;
 857		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 858		font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 859		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 860		for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 861			if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 862				dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 863			if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 864				dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 865			xfonts++;
 866		}
 867	}
 868	else {
 869		if(dc.font.xfont)
 870			XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 871		dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 872		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 873		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 874			eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 875		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 876		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 877	}
 878	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 879}
 880
 881Bool
 882isarrange(void (*func)())
 883{
 884	return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 885}
 886
 887Bool
 888isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 889	Client *c;
 890
 891	for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 892		if(c->tags[t])
 893			return True;
 894	return False;
 895}
 896
 897Bool
 898isprotodel(Client *c) {
 899	int i, n;
 900	Atom *protocols;
 901	Bool ret = False;
 902
 903	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 904		for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 905			if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 906				ret = True;
 907		XFree(protocols);
 908	}
 909	return ret;
 910}
 911
 912Bool
 913isvisible(Client *c) {
 914	unsigned int i;
 915
 916	for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 917		if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 918			return True;
 919	return False;
 920}
 921
 922void
 923keypress(XEvent *e) {
 924	KEYS
 925	unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 926	unsigned int i;
 927	KeyCode code;
 928	KeySym keysym;
 929	XKeyEvent *ev;
 930
 931	if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 932		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 933		for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 934			code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 935			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 936					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 937			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 938					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 939			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 940					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 941			XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 942					GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 943		}
 944		return;
 945	}
 946	ev = &e->xkey;
 947	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 948	for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 949		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 950		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 951		{
 952			if(keys[i].func)
 953				keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 954		}
 955}
 956
 957void
 958killclient(const char *arg) {
 959	XEvent ev;
 960
 961	if(!sel)
 962		return;
 963	if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 964		ev.type = ClientMessage;
 965		ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 966		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 967		ev.xclient.format = 32;
 968		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 969		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 970		XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 971	}
 972	else
 973		XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 974}
 975
 976void
 977leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 978	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 979
 980	if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 981		selscreen = False;
 982		focus(NULL);
 983	}
 984}
 985
 986void
 987manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 988	Client *c, *t = NULL;
 989	Window trans;
 990	Status rettrans;
 991	XWindowChanges wc;
 992
 993	c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 994	c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
 995	c->win = w;
 996	c->x = wa->x;
 997	c->y = wa->y;
 998	c->w = wa->width;
 999	c->h = wa->height;
1000	c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1001	if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1002		c->x = sx;
1003		c->y = sy;
1004		c->border = wa->border_width;
1005	}
1006	else {
1007		if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1008			c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1009		if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1010			c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1011		if(c->x < wax)
1012			c->x = wax;
1013		if(c->y < way)
1014			c->y = way;
1015		c->border = BORDERPX;
1016	}
1017	wc.border_width = c->border;
1018	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1019	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1020	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1021	updatesizehints(c);
1022	XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1023		StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1024	grabbuttons(c, False);
1025	updatetitle(c);
1026	if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1027		for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1028	if(t)
1029		memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1030	applyrules(c);
1031	if(!c->isfloating)
1032		c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1033	attach(c);
1034	attachstack(c);
1035	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1036	ban(c);
1037	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1038	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1039	arrange();
1040}
1041
1042void
1043mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1044	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1045
1046	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1047	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1048		keypress(NULL);
1049}
1050
1051void
1052maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1053	static XWindowAttributes wa;
1054	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1055
1056	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1057		return;
1058	if(wa.override_redirect)
1059		return;
1060	if(!getclient(ev->window))
1061		manage(ev->window, &wa);
1062}
1063
1064void
1065movemouse(Client *c) {
1066	int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1067	unsigned int dui;
1068	Window dummy;
1069	XEvent ev;
1070
1071	ocx = nx = c->x;
1072	ocy = ny = c->y;
1073	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1074			None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1075		return;
1076	c->ismax = False;
1077	XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1078	for(;;) {
1079		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1080		switch (ev.type) {
1081		case ButtonRelease:
1082			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1083			return;
1084		case ConfigureRequest:
1085		case Expose:
1086		case MapRequest:
1087			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1088			break;
1089		case MotionNotify:
1090			XSync(dpy, False);
1091			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1092			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1093			if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1094				nx = wax;
1095			else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1096				nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1097			if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1098				ny = way;
1099			else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1100				ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1101			resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1102			break;
1103		}
1104	}
1105}
1106
1107Client *
1108nexttiled(Client *c) {
1109	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1110	return c;
1111}
1112
1113void
1114propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1115	Client *c;
1116	Window trans;
1117	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1118
1119	if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1120		return; /* ignore */
1121	if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1122		switch (ev->atom) {
1123			default: break;
1124			case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1125				XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1126				if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1127					arrange();
1128				break;
1129			case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1130				updatesizehints(c);
1131				break;
1132		}
1133		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1134			updatetitle(c);
1135			if(c == sel)
1136				drawbar();
1137		}
1138	}
1139}
1140
1141void
1142quit(const char *arg) {
1143	readin = running = False;
1144}
1145
1146void
1147resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1148	double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1149	XWindowChanges wc;
1150
1151	if(sizehints) {
1152		if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1153			dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1154			dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1155			min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1156			max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1157			ratio = dx / dy;
1158			if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1159				if(ratio < min) {
1160					dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1161					dx = dy * min;
1162					w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1163					h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1164				}
1165				else if(ratio > max) {
1166					dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1167					dx = dy * min;
1168					w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1169					h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1170				}
1171			}
1172		}
1173		if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1174			w = c->minw;
1175		if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1176			h = c->minh;
1177		if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1178			w = c->maxw;
1179		if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1180			h = c->maxh;
1181		if(c->incw)
1182			w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1183		if(c->inch)
1184			h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1185	}
1186	if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1187		return;
1188	/* offscreen appearance fixes */
1189	if(x > sw)
1190		x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1191	if(y > sh)
1192		y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1193	if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1194		x = sx;
1195	if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1196		y = sy;
1197	if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1198		c->x = wc.x = x;
1199		c->y = wc.y = y;
1200		c->w = wc.width = w;
1201		c->h = wc.height = h;
1202		wc.border_width = c->border;
1203		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1204		configure(c);
1205		XSync(dpy, False);
1206	}
1207}
1208
1209void
1210resizemouse(Client *c) {
1211	int ocx, ocy;
1212	int nw, nh;
1213	XEvent ev;
1214
1215	ocx = c->x;
1216	ocy = c->y;
1217	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1218			None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1219		return;
1220	c->ismax = False;
1221	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1222	for(;;) {
1223		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1224		switch(ev.type) {
1225		case ButtonRelease:
1226			XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1227					c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1228			XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1229			while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1230			return;
1231		case ConfigureRequest:
1232		case Expose:
1233		case MapRequest:
1234			handler[ev.type](&ev);
1235			break;
1236		case MotionNotify:
1237			XSync(dpy, False);
1238			if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1239				nw = 1;
1240			if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1241				nh = 1;
1242			resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1243			break;
1244		}
1245	}
1246}
1247
1248void
1249restack(void) {
1250	Client *c;
1251	XEvent ev;
1252	XWindowChanges wc;
1253
1254	drawbar();
1255	if(!sel)
1256		return;
1257	if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1258		XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1259	if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1260		wc.stack_mode = Below;
1261		wc.sibling = barwin;
1262		if(!sel->isfloating) {
1263			XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1264			wc.sibling = sel->win;
1265		}
1266		for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1267			if(c == sel)
1268				continue;
1269			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1270			wc.sibling = c->win;
1271		}
1272	}
1273	XSync(dpy, False);
1274	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1275}
1276
1277void
1278run(void) {
1279	char *p;
1280	int r, xfd;
1281	fd_set rd;
1282	XEvent ev;
1283
1284	/* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1285	XSync(dpy, False);
1286	xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1287	readin = True;
1288	while(running) {
1289		FD_ZERO(&rd);
1290		if(readin)
1291			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1292		FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1293		if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1294			if(errno == EINTR)
1295				continue;
1296			eprint("select failed\n");
1297		}
1298		if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1299			switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1300			case -1:
1301				strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1302				stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1303				readin = False;
1304				break;
1305			case 0:
1306				strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1307				readin = False;
1308				break;
1309			default:
1310				for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1311				for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1312				if(p > stext)
1313					strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1314			}
1315			drawbar();
1316		}
1317		while(XPending(dpy)) {
1318			XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1319			if(handler[ev.type])
1320				(handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1321		}
1322	}
1323}
1324
1325void
1326scan(void) {
1327	unsigned int i, num;
1328	Window *wins, d1, d2;
1329	XWindowAttributes wa;
1330
1331	wins = NULL;
1332	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1333		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1334			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1335			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1336				continue;
1337			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1338				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1339		}
1340		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1341			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1342				continue;
1343			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1344			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1345				manage(wins[i], &wa);
1346		}
1347	}
1348	if(wins)
1349		XFree(wins);
1350}
1351
1352void
1353setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1354	long data[] = {state, None};
1355
1356	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1357			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1358}
1359
1360void
1361setlayout(const char *arg) {
1362	unsigned int i;
1363
1364	if(!arg) {
1365		if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1366			ltidx = 0;;
1367	}
1368	else {
1369		for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1370			if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1371				break;
1372		if(i == nlayouts)
1373			return;
1374		ltidx = i;
1375	}
1376	if(sel)
1377		arrange();
1378	else
1379		drawbar();
1380}
1381
1382void
1383setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1384	double delta;
1385
1386	if(!ISTILE)
1387		return;
1388	/* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1389	if(arg == NULL)
1390		mwfact = MWFACT;
1391	else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1392		if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1393			mwfact += delta;
1394		else
1395			mwfact = delta;
1396		if(mwfact < 0.1)
1397			mwfact = 0.1;
1398		else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1399			mwfact = 0.9;
1400	}
1401	arrange();
1402}
1403
1404void
1405setup(void) {
1406	int d;
1407	unsigned int i, j, mask;
1408	Window w;
1409	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1410	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1411
1412	/* init atoms */
1413	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1414	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1415	wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1416	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1417	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1418	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1419	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1420			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1421
1422	/* init cursors */
1423	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1424	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1425	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1426
1427	/* init geometry */
1428	sx = sy = 0;
1429	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1430	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1431
1432	/* init modifier map */
1433	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1434	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1435		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1436			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1437			== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1438				numlockmask = (1 << i);
1439		}
1440	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1441
1442	/* select for events */
1443	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1444		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1445	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1446	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1447	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1448
1449	/* grab keys */
1450	keypress(NULL);
1451
1452	/* init tags */
1453	compileregs();
1454
1455	/* init appearance */
1456	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1457	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1458	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1459	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1460	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1461	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1462	initfont(FONT);
1463	dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1464
1465	/* init layouts */
1466	mwfact = MWFACT;
1467	nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1468	for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1469		j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1470		if(j > blw)
1471			blw = j;
1472	}
1473
1474	/* init bar */
1475	bpos = BARPOS;
1476	wa.override_redirect = 1;
1477	wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1478	wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1479	barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1480			DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1481			CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1482	XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1483	updatebarpos();
1484	XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1485	strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1486	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1487	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1488	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1489	if(!dc.font.set)
1490		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1491
1492	/* multihead support */
1493	selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1494}
1495
1496void
1497spawn(const char *arg) {
1498	static char *shell = NULL;
1499
1500	if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1501		shell = "/bin/sh";
1502	if(!arg)
1503		return;
1504	/* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1505	 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1506	if(fork() == 0) {
1507		if(fork() == 0) {
1508			if(dpy)
1509				close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1510			setsid();
1511			execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1512			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1513			perror(" failed");
1514		}
1515		exit(0);
1516	}
1517	wait(0);
1518}
1519
1520void
1521tag(const char *arg) {
1522	unsigned int i;
1523
1524	if(!sel)
1525		return;
1526	for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1527		sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1528	i = idxoftag(arg);
1529	if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1530		sel->tags[i] = True;
1531	arrange();
1532}
1533
1534unsigned int
1535textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1536	XRectangle r;
1537
1538	if(dc.font.set) {
1539		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1540		return r.width;
1541	}
1542	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1543}
1544
1545unsigned int
1546textw(const char *text) {
1547	return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1548}
1549
1550void
1551tile(void) {
1552	unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1553	Client *c, *mc;
1554
1555	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1556		n++;
1557
1558	/* window geoms */
1559	mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1560	th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1561	if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1562		th = wah;
1563
1564	nx = wax;
1565	ny = way;
1566	nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1567	for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1568		c->ismax = False;
1569		if(i == 0) { /* master */
1570			nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1571			nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1572		}
1573		else {  /* tile window */
1574			if(i == 1) {
1575				ny = way;
1576				nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1577				nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1578			}
1579			if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1580				nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1581			else
1582				nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1583		}
1584		resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1585		if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1586			ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1587	}
1588}
1589
1590void
1591togglebar(const char *arg) {
1592	if(bpos == BarOff)
1593		bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1594	else
1595		bpos = BarOff;
1596	updatebarpos();
1597	arrange();
1598}
1599
1600void
1601togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1602	if(!sel)
1603		return;
1604	sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1605	if(sel->isfloating)
1606		resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1607	arrange();
1608}
1609
1610void
1611togglemax(const char *arg) {
1612	XEvent ev;
1613
1614	if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1615		return;
1616	if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1617		if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1618			sel->wasfloating = True;
1619		else {
1620			togglefloating(NULL);
1621			sel->wasfloating = False;
1622		}
1623		sel->rx = sel->x;
1624		sel->ry = sel->y;
1625		sel->rw = sel->w;
1626		sel->rh = sel->h;
1627		resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1628	}
1629	else {
1630		resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1631		if(!sel->wasfloating)
1632			togglefloating(NULL);
1633	}
1634	drawbar();
1635	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1636}
1637
1638void
1639toggletag(const char *arg) {
1640	unsigned int i, j;
1641
1642	if(!sel)
1643		return;
1644	i = idxoftag(arg);
1645	sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1646	for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1647	if(j == ntags)
1648		sel->tags[i] = True;
1649	arrange();
1650}
1651
1652void
1653toggleview(const char *arg) {
1654	unsigned int i, j;
1655
1656	i = idxoftag(arg);
1657	seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1658	for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1659	if(j == ntags)
1660		seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1661	arrange();
1662}
1663
1664void
1665unban(Client *c) {
1666	if(!c->isbanned)
1667		return;
1668	XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1669	c->isbanned = False;
1670}
1671
1672void
1673unmanage(Client *c) {
1674	XWindowChanges wc;
1675
1676	wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1677	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1678	XGrabServer(dpy);
1679	XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1680	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1681	detach(c);
1682	detachstack(c);
1683	if(sel == c)
1684		focus(NULL);
1685	XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1686	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1687	free(c->tags);
1688	free(c);
1689	XSync(dpy, False);
1690	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1691	XUngrabServer(dpy);
1692	arrange();
1693}
1694
1695void
1696unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1697	Client *c;
1698	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1699
1700	if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1701		unmanage(c);
1702}
1703
1704void
1705updatebarpos(void) {
1706	XEvent ev;
1707
1708	wax = sx;
1709	way = sy;
1710	wah = sh;
1711	waw = sw;
1712	switch(bpos) {
1713	default:
1714		wah -= bh;
1715		way += bh;
1716		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1717		break;
1718	case BarBot:
1719		wah -= bh;
1720		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1721		break;
1722	case BarOff:
1723		XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1724		break;
1725	}
1726	XSync(dpy, False);
1727	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1728}
1729
1730void
1731updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1732	long msize;
1733	XSizeHints size;
1734
1735	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1736		size.flags = PSize;
1737	c->flags = size.flags;
1738	if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1739		c->basew = size.base_width;
1740		c->baseh = size.base_height;
1741	}
1742	else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1743		c->basew = size.min_width;
1744		c->baseh = size.min_height;
1745	}
1746	else
1747		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1748	if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1749		c->incw = size.width_inc;
1750		c->inch = size.height_inc;
1751	}
1752	else
1753		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1754	if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1755		c->maxw = size.max_width;
1756		c->maxh = size.max_height;
1757	}
1758	else
1759		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1760	if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1761		c->minw = size.min_width;
1762		c->minh = size.min_height;
1763	}
1764	else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1765		c->minw = size.base_width;
1766		c->minh = size.base_height;
1767	}
1768	else
1769		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1770	if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1771		c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1772		c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1773		c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1774		c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1775	}
1776	else
1777		c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1778	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1779			&& c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1780}
1781
1782void
1783updatetitle(Client *c) {
1784	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1785		gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1786}
1787
1788/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1789 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1790 * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1791int
1792xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1793	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1794	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1795	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1796	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1797	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1798	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1799	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1800	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1801		return 0;
1802	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1803		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1804	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1805}
1806
1807int
1808xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1809	return 0;
1810}
1811
1812/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1813 * is already running. */
1814int
1815xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1816	otherwm = True;
1817	return -1;
1818}
1819
1820void
1821view(const char *arg) {
1822	unsigned int i;
1823
1824	memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1825	for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1826		seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1827	i = idxoftag(arg);
1828	if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1829		seltags[i] = True;
1830	arrange();
1831}
1832
1833void
1834viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1835	static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1836
1837	memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1838	memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1839	memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1840	arrange();
1841}
1842
1843void
1844zoom(const char *arg) {
1845	Client *c;
1846
1847	if(!sel || !ISTILE || sel->isfloating)
1848		return;
1849	if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1850		if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1851			return;
1852	detach(c);
1853	attach(c);
1854	focus(c);
1855	arrange();
1856}
1857
1858int
1859main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1860	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1861		eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1862	else if(argc != 1)
1863		eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1864
1865	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1866	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1867		eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1868	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1869	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1870
1871	checkotherwm();
1872	setup();
1873	drawbar();
1874	scan();
1875	run();
1876	cleanup();
1877
1878	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1879	return 0;
1880}